近交系HFJ大鼠的培育及其部分表型观察

目的培育高繁殖力近交系HFJ大鼠并观察其部分表型特征。方法以一对Wistar大鼠为基代,通过全同胞近亲交配方式,采用选优法培育高繁殖力近交系HFJ大鼠。采用生化标记法、皮肤移植实验进行遗传质量检测;观察比较其部分表型特征。结果HFJ种群符合近交系标准;其窝产仔数、离乳率、胎次间隔显著高于Wistar大鼠;HFJ大鼠12周龄后生长缓慢,体重低于同龄Wistar大鼠;HFJ大鼠部分血液常规指标及血液生化指标与Wistar大鼠有显著差异。结论HFJ大鼠繁殖力强,是具有独特生物学特性的近交系大鼠。     

微卫星DNA标记在近交系大鼠HFJ和MIJ遗传监测中的应用

目的 用24对引物对近交系HFJ和MIJ大鼠的微卫星位点进行多态性分析,并选用近交系Lewis和F344大鼠作为对照,进行比较分析.方法 用传统的酚-氯仿法分别提取4个近交系大鼠MIJ、HFJ、Lewis和F344 的基因组DNA,选取大鼠24个微卫星位点,通过PCR扩增,扩增产物经过非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和银染,根据电泳结果,比较分析4种品系近交系大鼠之间微卫星多态性.结果 4种品系及品系内不同个体的近交系大鼠在24个微卫星位点上的扩增产物均出现一个条带,MIJ和HFJ大鼠在品系间和品系内均表现为单态性,同Lewis 和F344的扩增结果比较,14个位点显示多态性,有10个位点显示单态性.结论 两个近交系大鼠品系MIJ和HFJ符合近交系要求,筛选出的14个多态性微卫星位点可用于有关近交系大鼠的遗传背景监测.     

近交系MIJ和HFJ大鼠生化标记基因的测定

目的 观察MIJ和HFJ大鼠的基因纯合度和遗传稳定性.方法 MIJ大鼠7只,取自F22代基础群中3对种鼠和F22代雄性生殖缺陷鼠1只.HFJ大鼠6只,取自HFJ大鼠F25代基础群中的3对种鼠.按照中华人民共和国国家标准GB/T14927.1-2001实验动物近交系小鼠、大鼠生化标记检测方法测定.结果　MIJ和HFJ近交...     

单核苷酸多态性分析在近交系大鼠遗传检测中的应用

目的研究SNP在近交系大鼠遗传检测中的应用。方法 选取大鼠20号染色体MHC所在P12区上的9个SNP位点,应用新建立的高保真酶特异性检测SNP基因分型技术对五种常用近交系大鼠(BN、F344、WKY、LEW、SHR)和两种新培育近交系大鼠(MIJ和HFJ)进行SNP多态性分析。结果五种常用近交系的SNP检测结果与Rat Genome Database网站提供的基因型数据一致,并检测确立了新品系的SNP基因型。同时绘制出七种近交系大鼠在该9个SNP位点的遗传扩增图谱。结论运用所筛选的9个SNP位点进行大鼠多态性分析,能够快速、可靠地对BN、F344、WKY、LEW、SHR及MIJ、HFJ进行遗传监测。     

近交系MIJ和HFJ大鼠部分生理数据测定和分析

目的测定近交系大鼠MIJ、HFJ和封闭群Wistar大鼠的脏器系数、体温、呼吸频率、肠管长度,观察两个近交系大鼠的生理表型。方法 采用常规方法对大鼠脏器系数、体温、呼吸频率及肠管长度进行测定,并对HFJ、MIJ、Wistar大鼠三者间进行比较。结果①体重:HFJ、MIJ、Wistar大鼠同性别间比较差异无显著性。②脏器系数:HFJ与Wistar大鼠雄性间心脏、肺,雌性间子宫、肝;MIJ与Wistar大鼠雄性间肺、脾,雌性间脑、脾,差异均有显著性。HFJ与MIJ大鼠雄性间脑,雌性间脑和脾差异有显著性。HFJ大鼠不同性别间肝、脑、眼球差异有显著性。MIJ大鼠不同性别间,脑、心脏、肾、肺、脾和眼球差异均有显著性。③体温:HFJ雌性大鼠明显高于Wistar雌性,雄性间差异无显著性。HFJ大鼠雌性高于雄性,差异有显著性。④呼吸频率:HFJ雌性大鼠低于同性Wistar大鼠,MIJ大鼠雌性和雄性均高于同性别Wistar大鼠,差异有显著性。⑤肠管长度:HFJ与Wistar同性别间比较,肠管总长和小肠差异有显著性。MIJ与Wistar大鼠雄性间肠管总长、大肠、小肠、盲肠差异均有显著性,雌性间肠管总长、小肠、盲肠差异有显著性。HFJ与MIJ大鼠同性别间差异均无显著性,不同性别的HFJ和MIJ的肠管总长、大肠和小肠差异有显著性。结论 MIJ和HFJ近交系大鼠的脏器系数、体温、呼吸频率、肠管长度都各有其独特的生理概貌。     

MIJ和HFJ近交系大鼠心电图表现

目的 测定近交系MIJ、HFJ大鼠心电图,并与Wistar大鼠比较分析,观察MIJ和HFJ大鼠心电图表现.方法 大鼠麻醉后,仰卧位固定于大鼠固定板上,用短针电极刺入皮下2～3 mm位置,麻醉5 min后,用福田青岛FX-102B心电图机做心电图,并对心电图进行分析.结果 三种大鼠均为窦性心律,心律齐整,雄性HFJ、MIJ心率均高于同性别Wistar.HFJ和MIJ品系、性别间心率差异均无显著性.HFJ和MIJ心电轴与Wistar相同,主要在0°～90°间.三种大鼠的P波方向及QRS波群基本相同,但各波振幅和各波时限,在不同品系和性别之间存在较明显的差异.结论 近交系MIJ和HFJ大鼠各有其独特的心电图表现.     

黄瓜雄性不育突变体C0128的鉴定与不育基因的初步定位北大核心CSCD

为丰富黄瓜雄性不育基因库及雄性不育理论研究,该研究以1个性状稳定遗传的黄瓜雄性不育突变体C0128为材料,对其进行表型鉴定、遗传分析和雄性不育基因初步定位。结果表明:(1)突变体C0128的雄花花瓣和花药均较小,且花药上无花粉粒产生。(2)遗传规律分析发现,突变体C0128的雄性不育性状受1对隐性核基因MS-4调控。(3)利用来自Gy14×C0128 F_(2)群体的1231个单株及12个多态性的SSR分子标记,最终将MS-4初步定位在黄瓜Chr3上遗传距离为3.7 cM、物理距离为1.21 Mb的区间内。研究证实,C0128为一个新的黄瓜雄性不育突变体,MS-4的初步定位结果可为进一步克隆目的基因、研究雄性不育机制奠定基础。     

LIBP/1近交系小鼠培育成功

<正> 由卫生部兰州生物制品研究所实验动物室培育的近交系小鼠,已近交39代。经国内有关专家教授于7月29日在兰州进行验收鉴定,一致确认该近交系的基因已达纯合,遗传素质稳定;生物学特异明显,有推广使用价值。定名为LIBP/1近交系小鼠,即兰州生物制品研究所(Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products)近交系小鼠1号,中文名:兰生白一号。 卫生部兰州生物制品研究所实验动物室于1978年11月,从昆明鼠群中,选出四对同胞兄妹鼠,作为亲本,进行育种。从1979年起,按照国际统一规定,严格实行全同胞兄妹近亲交配。经过9年多的精心培育,克服了近亲衰退的困难,近交已39代。通过连续重新组合达到纯合。     

虹鳉透明突变的遗传特征及其组织学观察

摘要：采用杂交方法对虹鳉（Poecilia reticulate）透明性状的遗传规律进行了研究。从F1自交和回交后代的表型分析,该性状由1对等位基因控制,呈隐性遗传,其遗传特征符合孟德尔基因分离定律。采用体视镜观察比较不同表型虹鳉体表色素细胞的差异,并应用石蜡切片和电镜技术对不同表型鱼的皮肤、腹膜等结构进行研究,结果显...     

DA大鼠的繁殖性能及部分生物学特性参数的测定

目的建立我国新的近交系品系DA种群,观察其生长繁殖性能及部分生物学特性。方法从丹麦M＆B公司引进近交系大鼠DA,建立种群,从其扩大群中随机抽取15对鼠,统计其繁殖率;抽取50只DA鼠（雌雄各半）测其部分血液生化。结果近交系种群扩大成功,DA大鼠平均产仔数为5．5,成活率为90.8％,所测生理生化值接近Wistar大鼠。结论DA大鼠已适应我国环境,种群引进成功;性别对脏器重量、系数和血生化影响显著。     

Association between the JC Polyomavirus Infection and Male Infertility

In recent years the incidence of male infertility has increased. Many risk factors have been taken into consideration, including viral infections. Investigations into viral agents and male infertility have mainly been focused on human papillomaviruses, while no reports have been published on polyomaviruses and male infertility. The aim of this study was to verify whether JC virus and BK virus are associated with male infertility. Matched semen and urine samples from 106 infertile males and 100 fertile males, as controls, were analyzed. Specific PCR analyses were carried out to detect and quantify large T (Tag) coding sequences of JCV and BKV. DNA sequencing, carried out in Tag JCV-positive samples, was addressed to viral protein 1 (VP1) coding sequences. The prevalence of JCV Tag sequences in semen and urine samples from infertile males was 34% (72/212), whereas the BKV prevalence was 0.94% (2/212). Specifically, JCV Tag sequences were detected in 24.5% (26/106) of semen and 43.4% (46/106) of urine samples from infertile men. In semen and urine samples from controls the prevalence was 11% and 28%, respectively. A statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in JCV prevalence was disclosed in semen and urine samples of cases vs. controls. A higher JC viral DNA load was detected in samples from infertile males than in controls. In samples from infertile males the JC virus type 2 strain, subtype 2b, was more prevalent than ubiquitous type 1. JCV type 2 strain infection has been found to be associated with male infertility. These data suggest that the JC virus should be taken into consideration as an infectious agent which is responsible for male infertility.     

Y chromosome—a tool in infertility studies of Latvian population

Human Y chromosome is used as a tool in male infertility and population genetic studies. The aims of this research were to analyse the prevalence of Y chromosome microdeletions among infertile Latvian men, and to identify possible lineages of Y chromosome that may be at increased risk of developing infertility. A study encompassed 105 infertile men with different spermatogenic disturbances. Deletions on Y chromosome were detected in 5 out of 105 (∼5%) cases analysed in this study. Three of them carried deletion in AZFc region and two individuals had AZFa+b+c deletion. Study of Y chromosome haplogroups showed that N3a1 and R1a1 lineages were found less frequently in the infertile male group compared to ethnic Latvian group, however K* cluster was predominantly found in infertile male Y chromosomes. Conclusions: (1) Our study advocates running Y chromosome microdeletion analyses only in cases of severe form of infertility; (2) Ychromosome haplogroup analysis showed statistically significant tendencies that some haplogroups are more common in ethnic male group, but others are more common in infertile males.     

Y chromosome--a tool in infertility studies of Latvian population

Human Y chromosome is used as a tool in male infertility and population genetic studies. The aims of this research were to analyse the prevalence of Y chromosome microdeletions among infertile Latvian men, and to identify possible lineages of Y chromosome that may be at increased risk of developing infertility. A study encompassed 105 infertile men with different spermatogenic disturbances. Deletions on Y chromosome were detected in 5 out of 105 (approximately 5%) cases analysed in this study. Three of them carried deletion in AZFc region and two individuals had AZFa + b + c deletion. Study of Y chromosome haplogroups showed that N3a1 and R1a1 lineages were found less frequently in the infertile male group compared to ethnic Latvian group, however K* cluster was predominantly found in infertile male Y chromosomes. Conclusions: 1) Our study advocates running Y chromosome microdeletion analyses only in cases of severe form of infertility; 2) Y chromosome haplogroup analysis showed statistically significant tendencies that some haplogroups are more common in ethnic male group, but others are more common in infertile males.     

Y-haplotypes and idiopathic male infertility in an Indian population

Infertility being a multifactorial disorder, both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the etiology of infertile phenotype. Chromosomal anomalies and Y-microdeletion are the established genetic risk factors of male infertility. Y-haplotypes has been found as risk factor for male infertility in certain populations, though in certain others no association has been reported, suggesting a population-specific association of these variations with male infertility. In a case-control study, 165 azoo-/oligospermic patients and 200 controls were haplotyped for certain Y-haplogroups for a possible association with idiopathic male infertility in an Indian population. Analysed Y-haplogroups showed no association with infertile phenotype. Thus this genetic factor is not a risk for infertility in the studied Indian population but that does not rule out the possibility of any of them, to be a risk in other populations.     

A cytogenetic study of Kuwaiti couples with infertility and reproductive disorders: short arm deletion of chromosome 21 is associated with male infertility

Chromosomal anomalies may be a reason for both male and female infertility. The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of chromosomal abnormalities in sterile couples from Kuwait. A total of 118 patients with clinical diagnosis of infertility was analyzed using cytogenetic banding techniques. Common chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 12 patients. We describe here one new case of an infertile male with the karyotype 46,XY, del(21)(pter;q11.2). The overall incidence of 11% abnormality indicates that routine chromosome analysis of infertile couples in Kuwait should be considered before the planning of intracytoplasmic sperm injection.     

Role of 677C→T polymorphism a single substitution in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene in North Indian infertile men

Failure or severe difficulty in conceiving a child is surprisingly common, worldwide problem. Half of these cases are due to male factors with defects in sperm (1 in 15 men) being the single most common cause. Also about 60–75 % of male infertility cases are idiopathic, since the molecular mechanisms underlying the defects remain unknown. DNA methylation is crucial for spermatogenesis and high methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) activity in adult testis than other organs in mouse, signifies its critical role in spermatogenesis. According to recent findings there is a correlation of epigenetic regulation of several imprinted genes with disturbed spermatogenesis and fertility. Consequently any change in the MTHFR gene sequence can modify the spermatogenesis including transmission of infertility to the carriers. The aim of the study is to analyze the distribution of the single nucleotide polymorphism C677T in the MTHFR gene in 637 North Indian infertile patients and 364 fertile North Indian men as controls by using PCR–RFLP technique and Chi Square test for statistical analysis. The average MTHFR 677CC, 677CT, 677TT genotype frequencies of total infertile men were 70.17, 24.17, 5.65 % in infertile men and 75.27, 21.7, 2.74 % in controls, respectively. The average frequency of the MTHFR 677T allele was 17.73 % in infertile men as compared to 13.59 % in controls. The statistical difference was significant. Disease risk was found 2.27-folds increased in patients who were carrying T allele. We found an association of C677T polymorphism with male infertility and that it may be a genetic risk factor for male infertility in North Indian population.