中国点衣属地衣新记录种

报道了采自贵州、湖南和海南等亚热带及热带地区的点衣属(Ocellularia)地衣两个中国新记录种,即真形点衣O.eumorpha和柱点衣O.postposita。在形态学、解剖学和化学方面对其进行了描述。此外,提供了形态特征和解剖照片。研究标本保藏于中国科学院微生物研究所标本馆(HMAS-L)和聊城大学生命科学学院地衣标本室(LCU-L)。     

新疆地图衣属地衣分类学研究

该研究以新疆的地图衣科(Rhizocarpaceae)地图衣属(Rhizocarpon)100余份地衣标本为材料,通过形态解剖学观察、化学成分分析及分子学鉴定的方法了解新疆地图衣属地衣的物种多样性。结果表明:(1)鉴定出7种地图衣属地衣,包括1个中国新记录种,命名为淡黄色地图衣(R.atroflavescens),6个常见种分别是黑红地图衣(R.badioatrum)、灰地图衣(R.disporum)、双孢地图衣(R.geminatum)、地图衣(R.geographicum)、巨地图衣(R.grande)和岩表地图衣(R.superficiale)。(2)编制了新疆22种地图衣属地衣的分种检索表。(3)系统发育分析结果表明,新疆地图衣属地衣的分子鉴定与形态解剖特征结果一致,更准确地证明淡黄色地图衣为中国新记录种。(4)对已报道的新疆22种地图衣属地衣的地区分布及海拔分布统计显示,新疆22种地图衣属地衣在世界各地均有分布,其中亚洲分布最丰富;该22种地图衣属地衣从低海拔到高海拔都有分布,且各海拔高度物种分布不均匀,总体在高海拔地区分布的物种较多。     

中国瓦衣属(瓦衣科)地衣的分类研究

报道了中国瓦衣属(Coccocarpia)的6个种,其中包括3个中国新记录种:贴瓦衣(C. adnata)、槽瓦衣(C.glaucina)和千果瓦衣(C. myriocarpa)。对物种的分类学特征进行了描述和讨论,提供了中国新记录种的图片,并给出了中国瓦衣属已知物种的检索表。     

中国赤星衣属一新种和一新记录种(茶渍目:赤星衣科)

该研究对采自于我国的200余份赤星衣属(Haematomma)地衣标本利用形态学、化学、生态学等特征进行了综合研究,发现赤星衣属一新种和一中国新记录种。新种为砖壁赤星衣(H.muriformis R.Tang&Z.J.Ren),主要特征为子囊盘红色,孢子砖壁型,较宽(75~87.5×12.5~20μm),所含化学物质为atranorin、haematommone和arthothelin。中国新记录种为马托赤星衣(H.matogrossense Kalb&Staiger)。该文对新种和中国新记录种进行了详细的特征描述,提供了形态和解剖照片,同时提供了已知中国赤星衣属地衣物种的检索表。该研究充实了赤星衣属地衣的数据信息资源库,为《中国地衣志》的编写提供了基础资料。     

中国球粉衣属地衣

球粉衣属地衣主要分布在南半球,某些种分布于热带至亚热带。中国的球粉衣属地衣只在台湾有过记载,作者对云南、贵州、湖南的有关标本进行了形态与化学研究,并与来自澳大利亚的有关标本进行了比较,首次报道中国大陆球粉衣属的三个种:二型球粉衣,台湾球粉衣和黑果球粉衣。所有三个种均出现在云南,湖南只有黑果球粉衣,贵州只有台湾球粉衣。对这三个种的形态和化学中的某些问题进行了讨论,并根据文献资料提供了它们的世界分布。     

中国文字衣科（厚顶盘目、子囊菌门）地衣之稀有和新记录种

报道了采自中国的12种稀见的文字衣科(厚顶盘目、子囊菌门)地衣。它们分别隶属于白唇衣属Dyplolabia、刻痕衣属Glyphis、半实衣属Hemithecium、凸唇衣属Platygramme、双实衣属Platythecium和星衣属Sarcographa,其中中国新记录6种。文中每一种地衣均有文字描述、图片和分种检索表。     

中国横断山地区蓝藻型肺衣属地衣的三个新种（英文）

在形态和化学研究的基础上,结合分子生物学研究方法(ITS片段),对中国横断山地区的830号与蓝细菌共生的肺衣属标本进行了分类学研究,共发现3个新种;其中,横断山肺衣L.hengduanensis的主要特征是具粉芽化裂芽,无脊肺衣L.irrugulosa的网脊不明显,以及宽叶肺衣L.latilobulata的裂片顶端宽且钝圆;3个种在ITS系统发育树上分别形成独立小枝。文中提供了中国肺衣属中与蓝细菌共生的物种检索表。     

中国球粉衣属地衣

球粉衣属地衣主要分布在南半球,某些种分布于热带至亚热带。中国的球粉衣属地衣只在台湾有过记载,作者对云南、贵州、湖南的有关标本进行了形态与化学研究,并与来自澳大利亚的有关标本进行了比较,首次报道中国大陆球粉衣属的三个种：二型球粉衣,台湾球粉衣和黑果球粉衣。所有三个种均出现在云南,湖南只有黑果球粉衣。贵州只有台湾球粉衣。对这三个种的形态和化学中的某些问题进行了讨论,并根据文献资源提供了它们的世界分布。     

新疆鳞网衣属地衣的初步研究（英文）

采用形态解剖、化学等传统分类方法,对新疆天山的鳞网衣属地衣进行了初步研究,发现该属的3个种,其中脑状鳞网衣(Psora cerebriformis W.A.Weber)和小红褐色鳞网衣[Psora luridella(Tuck.)Fink]是中国新记录种。文中对鳞网衣属3个种进行了详细的描述,并提供了相关彩色图片。     

中国文字衣属新种和新记录种

报道了文字衣属Graphis 2个新种和2个中国新记录种。新种疣体文字衣Graphis verrucata 和魏氏文字衣 G. weii分别采自四川和海南;新记录种钝盘文字衣Graphis cognata采自海南和浙江,树突文字衣G. dendrogramma采自福建。文中对新种提供了详细描述和显微结构图片。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.