金线莲挥发油化学成分的研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取花叶开唇兰挥发油,用GC毛细管柱进行分析,归一化法测定其相对含量,并用GC-MS法鉴定化学成分。检出182个成分,鉴定出73个化合物,占挥发油总量的92.64%,主要成分为:正十六烷酸(25.22%)、(Z,Z)-9,12-十八碳二烯酸甲酯(6.47%)、11,14,17-二十碳三烯酸甲酯(4.42%)、(Z,Z)-9,12-十八碳二烯酸(15.35%)和(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸甲酯(13.64%)。     

蝴蝶果茎挥发油的化学成分

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法从大戟科蝴蝶果茎中提取挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对挥发油化学成分进行分析。分离出36个峰,鉴定出35种化合物,占总油量的98.34%,并应用面积归一化法测定各成分的相对百分含量。其主要成分为十六烷酸乙酯(13.19%)、正十六烷酸(11.11%)、十八碳烯酸乙酯(6.18%)、正十八烷(4.98%)、(Z,Z)-9,12-十八碳二烯酸(4.90%)及十八碳二烯酸乙酯(4.21%)。     

瑞香狼毒茎叶化学成分研究

新鲜瑞香狼毒(Stellera chamaejasme)茎叶经正已烷提取,脱腊后进行GC-MS-DS联用分析,鉴定出20个化合物。主要成分为正十八烷;正十九烷;2,6,10,14 — 四甲基十六烷;十六烷酸;十六烷酸甲酯;十六烷酸乙酯;9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸甲酯;9,12-+八碳二烯酸;9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸和十八烷酸。     

蝴蝶果根、果仁挥发油化学成分的研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法从大戟科蝴蝶果的根和果仁中提取挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对挥发油化学成分进行分析,并应用面积归一化法测定各成分的相对百分含量。从根中鉴定出23种化合物,占总油量的100%,其主要成分为十六烷酸(18.74%)、(Z,Z)9,12-十八碳二烯酸(12.81%)、1,2-苯二羧酸双(2-甲基丙基)酯(10.59%)、二丁基邻苯二甲酸酯(7.42%)及二十四烷(6.72%)。从果仁中鉴定出17种化合物,占总油量的100%,主要成分为(E-)-9-十八碳烯酸(23.15%)、正十六烷酸(21.20%)、(Z,Z)-9,12-十八碳二烯酸(19.26%)及3-甲基十七烷(6.80%)。     

蝴蝶果花、叶挥发油的化学成分

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法从大戟科蝴蝶果花、叶中提取挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对挥发油化学成分进行分析,并应用面积归一化法测定各成分的相对百分含量。从花中鉴定出10种化合物,占总油量的96.90%,其主要成分为十六烷酸(59.89%)、(Z,Z)-9,12-十八碳二烯酸(13.82%)、(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-十八碳三烯-1-醇(6.58%)及双(2-乙基)邻苯二甲酸酯(5.59%)。从叶中鉴定出10种化合物,占总油量的45.26%,主要成分为邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(19.64%)、二丁基羟基甲苯(10.58%)、十六烷酸(3.70%)及苯甲酸(3.46%)。     

瑞香狼毒茎叶化学成分研究

新鲜瑞香狼毒（Ｓｔｅｌｅｒａｃｈａｍａｅｊａｓｍｅ）茎叶经正己烷提取,脱腊后进行ＧＣＭＳＤＳ联用分析,鉴定出２０个化合物。主要成分为正十八烷;正十九烷;２,６,１０,１４四甲基十六烷;十六烷酸;十六烷酸甲酯;十六烷酸乙酯;９,１２,１５十八碳三烯酸甲酯;９,１２十八碳二烯酸;９,１２,１５十八碳三烯酸和十八烷酸。     

燕子掌挥发油化学成分的研究

应用气象色谱-质谱联用技术对燕子掌挥发油化学成分进行了分析研究,共鉴定出66种组分与燕子掌主要挥发性化学成分以苯乙醇、2,6,6-三甲基-2,4-环庚二烯-1-酮、6,10,14-三甲基十五烷-2-酮、十六烷酸甲酯、十六烷酸乙酯、十八烷酸甲酯为主要成分,化合物类型以酮、酯、类等化合物为主,其中十六烷酸甲酯的含量最高,占挥发油总量的26．13％。     

卷丝苣苔和勐醒芒毛苣苔脂肪酸成分的研究

用索氏提取法提取,甲酯化处理后采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术首次对卷丝苣苔(Corallodiscus kingianus)和勐醒芒毛苣苔(Aeschynanthus mengxingensis)中脂肪酸成分进行了分析.从卷丝苣苔的脂肪酸成分中鉴定出33个化合物,占检出物总质量分数的95.44%,主要成分为9,12-十八碳二烯酸、(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸、十六烷酸.从勐醒芒毛苣苔的脂肪酸成分中鉴定出30个化合物,占检出物总质量分数的94.23%,主要成分为14-甲基-十五烷酸、(E)-9-十八碳烯酸、10,13-十八碳二烯酸.二者有15个组分是相同的.     

稻曲球脂溶性成分及其抗细菌和抗氧化活性

采用水蒸气蒸馏法从稻曲球甲醇提取物的石油醚萃取部分制备出油状物,得率为稻曲球干重的0.36%。用GC-MS鉴定出14个成分,主要成分为10,13-十八碳二烯酸甲酯(37.31%)、14-甲基十五烷酸甲酯(30.09%)、(Z,Z)-9,12-十八碳二烯酸(15.63%)、棕榈酸(10.52%)和十八烷酸甲酯(5.54%)。从石油醚萃取部分还分离到3个化合物,经理化和波谱分析鉴定为油酸(1)、正四十烷(2)和麦角甾-5,7,22-三烯-3-醇(3)。化合物3对黄瓜角斑病菌等4种供试细菌表现出较强的抑制活性,化合物1和2以及油状物表现出一定的抗氧化活性。这是首次对稻曲球中脂溶性成分及其抗细菌和抗氧化活性的报道。     

民族药木耳菜挥发油成分和脂溶性成分GC-MS分析

采用水蒸气蒸馏法和索氏提取法提取木耳菜挥发油和脂溶性成分,利用GC-MS技术鉴定挥发油和脂溶性成分。鉴定出47个挥发油成分和20个脂溶性成分。其挥发油成分主要有依兰烯(7.30%)、δ-杜松烯(6.85%)、氧化石竹烯(5.90%)、1,5,9-三甲基-12-(1-甲基乙基)-4,8,13-环戊二烯并环辛四烯-1,3-二醇(5.83%)等。脂溶性成分主要有8,11-十八碳二烯酸甲酯(16.09%)、棕榈酸甲酯(12.15%)、花生酸甲酯(7.06%)、亚麻酸甲酯(7.00%)等。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.