奥帕曲拉对内皮素-1诱导的心脏成纤维细胞增殖的影响

目的：探讨奥帕曲拉（omapatrilat,OMA）对内皮素-1（ET-1）诱导的心脏成纤维细胞（CFs）增殖的干预作用及可能机制．方法：经差速贴壁法培养的新生大鼠CFs,随机分为7组：对照组,ET-1组,OMA组,ET-1＋OMA10^-9mol／L组,ET-1＋OMA10^-8mol／L,ET-1＋OMA10^-7mol／L组．ET-1＋OMA10^-6mol／L组.采用四氮唑盐（MTT）比色法测定CFs数目,流式细胞分析仪（FCM）检测CFs细胞周期,液体闪烁计数仪测定CFs^3H-脯氨酸掺入率,硝酸还原酶法测定细胞培养上清液中NO含量：结果：与对照组相比,10^-7mol／LET-1能显著增加CFs的吸光度A190值及[^3H]-Pro掺入率,降低CFs生成NO的量（均P〈0．01）,10^-9-10^-6mol／L OMA呈浓度依赖性的降低ET-1诱导的A190值和[^3H]—Pro掺入率升高（均P〈0．01）,促进CFsNO的生成（均P〈0．05）;细胞周期分析表明ET—1能显著提高S期细胞百分率（P〈0．01）,10^-7mol／LOMA抑制ET-1诱导S期细胞百分率上升（P〈0．01）.结论：OMA对ET-1诱导的CFs增殖及胶原合成有抑制作用,该作用可能和NO生成有关.     

尾加压素对常氧及低氧大鼠肺动脉平滑肌细胞周期的影响

目的：观察新近发现的缩血管活性肽人类尾加压素Ⅱ（human urotensin Ⅱ,hUII)对体外培养的大鼠肺动脉平滑肌细胞（PASMCs)周期的影响。方法：体外培养大鼠肺动脉平滑肌细胞,加入不同浓度（mol/L)的hUII(10^-7,10^-8,10^-9),在常氧及低氧条件下孵育12h,用流式细胞术碘化丙啶染色法,分析PASMCs DNA直方图细胞周期时项、细胞增殖指数及凋亡亚二倍体峰的改变,以初步观察hUII对PASMCs增殖与凋亡的影响。结果：hUII呈浓度依赖方式促进PASMCs的增殖,主要表现为细胞周期S期的百分比增加,细胞增殖指数（PI）增高,常氧作用比低氧作用更明显。hUII浓度（mol/L)为10^-7,10^-8,10^-9时,与PASMCs常氧作用12h,PI分别比对照组增加了的175％、135％、118％;低氧作用12h,PASMCs PI分别是对照组的135％、118％、103％,hUII浓度为10^-7mol/L时作用最明显。同时DNA直方图分析各浓度范围的hUII均未见PASMCs凋亡亚二倍体峰出现。结论：hUII以剂量依赖方式刺激常氧及低氧PASMCs S期DNA合成速率,使PI增高,提示hUII具有明显的促PASMCs增殖作用。     

钙离子对热带假丝酵母CT 1-12细胞生长影响的初步研究

研究了Ca^2 对热带假丝酵母增殖的影响,发现钙离子的加入对细胞增殖是有促进作用的,可以加快细胞周期,促进作用的强弱依Ca^2 浓度不同而异,最适浓度在10^-4-10^02mol/L之间。浓度过高（高于10^-1mol/L）会对生长起抑制作用。最佳钙离子浓度下同期菌浓比空白样高出34％。     

流式细胞术BrdU／DNA双染法测定云芝糖肽诱导的Molt-4细胞周期阻滞

目的：探究云芝糖）Ik（PSP）对人急性淋巴母细胞白血病Molt-4细胞周期的影响。方法：采用流式细胞术BrdU／DNA双染法获得各时相细胞分布状况和细胞周期的动力学参数。结果：0．1mg／mlPSP处理12h后,G2／M期细胞百分比由对照组的11．09％减少至3．69％。DNA合成时间由12．10h延长至108．40h。24h处理组中,S期细胞百分比由对照组的43.29％增加至67．26％,而G0／G1期和G2／M期细胞百分比均减少,G0／G1期细胞百分比由对照组的37．47％减少至27．43％,G2／M期细胞百分比由对照组的19．24％降低至5.31％。DNA合成时间更是由11．95h延长至114．52h。结论：PSP对人急性淋巴母细胞白血病Molt-4细胞周期的阻滞作用在于S期．该作用与DNA合成抑制有关。     

雌激素对成骨细胞增殖及IGF-2表达的调控作用

目的 探讨雌激素对大鼠成骨细胞功能的影响及胰岛素样生长因子2（insulin-like growth factor 2,IGF-2）表达的调控机理。方法应用1×10^-10mol／L、1×10^-8mol／L、1×10^-6mol／L浓度的雌二醇（estradiol,172）分别作用原代培养的新生大鼠颅盖骨成骨细胞24h;采用MTT法和对硝基酚磷酸盐法检测成骨细胞增殖能力和细胞中碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性;应用实时定量PCR和Western印迹杂交分析成骨细胞中IGF-2的mRNA和蛋白质的表达规律。结果1×10^-6mol／L浓度的磁使大鼠成骨细胞增殖能力和ALP活性分别增加了67％和55％,使IGF-2的mRNA与蛋白质的表达水平分别增加了90％和140％,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论雌激素对成骨细胞中IGF-2基因的表达具有正性调控作用。成骨细胞中IGF-2的高表达可能与雌激素调节成骨细胞增殖和分泌功能相关。     

新型鬼臼毒素衍生物诱导人肺腺癌A549细胞凋亡及其机制研究

目的探讨新型鬼臼毒素衍生物10Ⅲg诱导人肺腺癌细胞A549细胞凋亡及其调控机制。方法采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTr）比色法、流式细胞术测定细胞周期细胞凋亡率,DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳和微管蛋白组化染色,Western印迹法检测凋亡蛋白Bax、Caspase-3的表达。结果新型鬼臼毒素衍生物10m。对A549细胞增殖具有明显的剂量和时间依赖性抑制作用,细胞周期分析显示S期细胞数明显增多,出现G2／M期阻滞;10Ⅲg作用48h后DNA电泳可见明显的梯状条带;10Ⅲg能破坏A549细胞的细胞骨架,与依托泊苷相比有明显促进微管解聚现象;10Ⅲg浓度为10^-6mol/L时能显著促进Bax、Caspase-3蛋白的表达。结论新型鬼臼毒素衍生物10Ⅲg通过诱导A549细胞发生G2／M期阻滞而抑制其增殖,其机制可能与抑制细胞微管解聚及诱导细胞凋亡有关。     

缓激肽B1受体在卡托普利抑制心脏成纤维细胞增殖中的作用

目的：探讨缓激肽（BK）B1受体在ACEI类药物卡托普利（captopril）抑制血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngⅡ）诱导的新生大鼠心脏成纤维细胞（CR）增殖中的作用及其可能机制。方法：经差速贴壁法培养新生大鼠CFs,随机给予AngⅡ、captopfil、B2受体阻断剂icatibant和BJ受体阻断剂des-Arg^10,Leu^9-kallidin进行干预。采用四氮唑盐（MTT）比色法测细胞数目,流式细胞仪技术（FCM）检测细胞周期,硝酸还原酶法和放射免疫分析技术分别测定培养CR细胞上清液中NO含量和细胞内cGMP水平。结果：与空白对照组比较,AngⅡ10^-7mol／L孵育细胞48h后可显著升高CRS期细胞百分率和MTT比色法测定的CFs吸光度（A490nm）值（P〈0．01）;Captopril 10^-5mol／L可明显降低AngⅡ刺激的CFsS期细胞百分率和A490nm值升高（均P〈0．05）,显著促进CFsNO和cGMP生成,该作用可被icatibant（10^-6mol／L）部分阻断,同时阻断B1和B2受体可进一步减弱captopril的作用。结论：Captopril抑制AngⅡ诱导的CFs增殖作用部分是由BK经其B2受体介导的;同时阻断BK B1和B2受体可进一步减弱captopril抗CR增殖效应,B1受体在B2受体阻断情况下可能起部分代偿作用,抑制CFs生长,该作用与NO、cGMP生成有关。     

TFP促进粟酒裂殖酵母(Schizosaccharomyces pombe) 细胞增殖机理的探讨

采用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察的方法,以Fluo-3负载Schizosaccharomyces pombe细胞,荧光强度反映胞质游离Ca^2 浓度,结果表明,在无钙培养基中生长的S．Pombe沈胞内游离Ca^2 浓度低于在含10μmol／L外钙培养基中的S．pombe细胞,而一定浓度三氟拉嗪(TFP)处理过的S．pombe胞内游离钙浓度则有明显增加;用与TFP在对酵母质膜ATPase活性有拮抗效应的无机硫酸盐处理S.pombe细胞,发现可抑制其增殖,通过原子吸收光谱法测得胞内游离钙含量降低。因此认为TFP通过作用于质膜、促进Ca^2 内流刺激裂殖酵母细胞的增殖。     

原癌基因c-myb在体外孕酮诱导小鼠卵母细胞成熟中的作用

目的：本文采用体外培养技术观察原癌基因c-myb对孕酮诱导的生发泡（GV）期小鼠裸卵体外成熟的影响。方法：建立小鼠裸卵体外培养模型,用不同浓度反义C-myb寡脱氧核苷酸（c-myb ASODNs）与GV期小鼠裸卵共孵育观察其对孕酮诱导的小鼠裸卵体外成熟的影响并探讨其机制。结果：在M199培养液中体外培养GV期小鼠裸卵24h,10μmol／L孕酮组与5μmol／L孕酮组比较有显著性差别（2 h GVBD％ P〈0.05,8 h PBI％ P〈0.05）．与20μmol／L孕酮组比较无显著性差别。10μmol／L c-myb AFODNs能抑制孕酮（10μmol／L）诱导的小鼠裸卵体外成熟（2 h GVBD％ P〈0.05,8 h PBI％ P〈0.01）。1×10^-4μmol／L dbcAMP、10μg／ml肝素钠可分别单独抑制孕酮诱导的GV期小鼠卵母细胞体外成熟（2 h GVBD％均P〈0.01,8 h PBI％均P〈0.01）．也可和反义c-myb ODN协同抑制孕酮诱导的卵母细胞体外成熟（2 h GVBD％均P〈0.01,8 h PBI％均P〈0.01）。结论：孕酮、原癌基因c-myb和cAMP、Ca^2＋参与了GV期小鼠卵母细胞的体外成熟,孕酮、cAMP和Ca^2＋调控卵母细胞成熟的机理可能与原癌基因c-myb表达有关。     

TBP-like Protein（TLP）通过G2／M期阻滞抑制HeLa细胞的增殖

TBP—likeprotein（TLP）是真核细胞中一种常见的转录因子,在调节生长发育方面起着重要的作用。该实验构建重组质粒pEGFP—N1．TLP,研究TLP对人宫颈癌细胞HeLa增殖的影响。利用流式细胞仪检测质粒的转染效率,通过激光共聚焦显微镜观察外源TLP蛋白的亚细胞定位。经过MTT检测、RNAi—TLP诱导的基因沉默7LHoechst33258染色研究TLP对HeLa细胞的增殖抑制作用。流式细胞术、Westernblot和RT-PCR实验结果表明,TLP将HeLa细胞周期阻滞于G2／M期,并抑制周期相关基因CDKl和CyclinBl的转录和翻译。研究表明,外源TLP在HeLa细胞的细胞核中表达,通过降低细胞周期相关基因CDKl和CDKl的表达水平,将HeLa细胞的细胞周期阻滞于G2／M期,从而抑制细胞的增殖。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。