RCN2和PEAK1在结直肠癌中的表达与临床病理特征及预后的关系

目的:检测网织钙结合蛋白2(RCN2)和伪足富集的非典型激酶1(PEAK1)蛋白在结直肠癌组织中的表达情况,分析RCN2和PEAK1表达与患者临床病理特征和预后的关系。方法:免疫组织化学法检测90例结直肠癌组织及其癌旁正常组织中RCN2和PEAK1蛋白表达情况,分析结直肠癌组织RCN2和PEAK1表达与患者临床病理特征的关系,Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析RCN2和PEAK1表达对患者预后的影响,Spearman等级相关检验结直肠癌组织RCN2和PEAK1表达的相关性。结果:RCN2和PEAK1蛋白在结直肠癌组织中的阳性表达率均明显高于癌旁正常组织(P0.05)。结直肠癌组织RCN2表达与肿瘤直径、浸润深度和TNM分期均有关(P0.05),PEAK1表达与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移和TNM分期均有关(P0.05)。Log Rank检验结果显示,RCN2阳性表达组和PEAK1阳性表达组患者的术后5年总生存率均分别低于RCN2阴性表达组和PEAK1阴性表达组患者(P0.05)。结直肠癌组织RCN2和PEAK1表达呈正相关性(r=0.586,P=0.000)。结论:RCN2和PEAK1蛋白在结直肠癌组织中呈高表达,且均与肿瘤恶性进展和不良预后关系密切。RCN2和PEAK1可作为结直肠癌治疗靶标的候选分子。     

结直肠癌组织BCL9和VEGF的表达与临床意义

探讨结直肠癌中B细胞淋巴瘤因子9(B-cell lymphoma 9,BCL9)和血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)表达与临床病理的关系及其临床意义.采用免疫组织化学SABC染色法,检测83例结直肠癌组织和10例癌旁正常组织中BCL9及VEGF蛋白的表达情况,并且分析其与临床病理特征的关系.BCL9和VEGF在癌组织中表达率分别为67.47%(56/83)和69.88%(58/83),而癌旁正常组织中均不表达.BCL9在结直肠癌中的表达与肿瘤分化程度、浸润深度、Dukes分期、有无淋巴结转移相关(P0.05).VEGF在结直肠癌中的表达与肿瘤分化程度、浸润深度无关,而与肿瘤Dukes分期、有无淋巴结转移密切相关(P0.01).结直肠癌中VEGF的表达随BCL9表达的升高而升高(P0.01).BCL9、VEGF可能在结肠癌的发生发展过程中起重要作用.BCL9可能通过上调VEGF的表达,促进肿瘤浸润和转移.     

CCNB2在结直肠癌中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨细胞周期蛋白B2(Cyclin B2,CCNB2)在结直肠癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法:选择45对结直肠癌组织及癌旁正常结直肠组织样本,分别采用实时定量PCR(qRT-PCR)方法和免疫组织化学技术检测CCNB2的mRNA和蛋白表达,并进一步分析CCNB2的表达与结直肠癌临床病理特征之间的关系。结果:结直肠癌组织中CCNB2 mRNA的表达显著高于癌旁正常结直肠组织,差异有统计学意义(P0.001),且CCNB2的mRNA表达与结直肠癌的肿瘤大小、浸润深度及TNM分期显著相关(P0.05),与年龄、性别、肿瘤位置、分化程度、脉管神经浸润、淋巴结转移和远处转移均无关(P0.05)。45例结直肠癌标本中39例表达(+~+++),6例表达(-)。CCNB2蛋白主要表达于结直肠癌细胞质中,少量见于细胞核。结直肠癌组织中CCNB2蛋白的阳性表达率为86.7%,显著高于癌旁正常结直肠组织,并与患者的性别、年龄、分化程度和肿瘤转移均无显著相关性(P0.05),但与肿瘤分期、浸润程度均显著相关(P0.05)。结论:CCNB2在结直肠癌中呈异常高表达,且与结直肠癌的发生发展相关,有望作为结直肠癌的诊断和预后预测参考指标。     

结直肠癌PTEN基因表达及与p-ERK相关性研究

目的 研究结直肠癌中的PTEN、p-ERK蛋白的表达及相互关系,初步探讨它们在结直肠癌的发生发展中的生物学意义.方法 应用免疫组织化学染色快捷法,检测40例结直肠癌组织、18例结直肠腺瘤、13例结直肠正常黏膜中PTEN蛋白、和p-ERK蛋白的表达情况,比较PTEN蛋白表达与临床病理指标的关系,及其与p-ERK蛋白表达的相关性.结果 1.结直肠癌癌组织PTEN蛋白表达的阳性率(57.5％)明显弱于腺瘤(72.2％)及正常组织(100％),组间比较差异有显著性(P＜0.05),其表达水平与结直肠癌的分化程度、淋巴结转移、浸润深度、Dukes分期有关,与患者的性别、年龄,肿瘤大小及位置无关(P＞0.05)2.结直肠癌组织p-ERK蛋白表达的阳性率(72.5％)明显高于正常结直肠黏膜组(0.00％)及腺瘤组(66.6％),组间比较差异有显著性(P＜0.01),其表达随结直肠癌侵润深度增加、淋巴结转移、Duke分期的进展而增高.3.PTEN蛋白表达强度与p-ERK蛋白表达强度之间呈负相关(r=-0.452,P＜0.05).结论 提示抑癌基因PTEN的表达与结直肠癌生物学行为密切相关;在结直肠癌发生、发展过程中,可能由于PTEN蛋白的低表达或失表达不能有效抑制ERK磷酸化,使细胞发生癌变,并促进癌变细胞的浸润、转移.     

结直肠癌组织RPN11与Ki67的表达及其临床病理学意义

目的观察去泛素化酶RPN11和增殖相关核标记物Ki67在结直肠癌组织中的表达,研究其与结直肠癌肿瘤细胞增殖的相关性及与结直肠癌临床病理特征的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学SABC法检测56例结直癌组织及20例癌旁正常组织中的RPN11和Ki67表达,结合临床病理学资料进行统计分析。结果免疫组织化学染色显示:RPN11及Ki67在结直肠癌组织的阳性表达率明显高于正常结直肠组织;RPN11和Ki67的表达均与肿瘤分化程度、TNM分期、转移有关,而与性别、年龄无明显相关;RPN11与Ki67的表达呈正相关。结论RPN11和Ki67可能共同参与结直肠癌肿瘤细胞的增殖调控,并促进结直肠癌的发生发展以及浸润转移。     

MXRA5在结直肠癌中的表达及其意义

目的:在我们的前期实验中,我们运用质谱技术研究新鲜培养的结直肠癌和对应的正常黏膜蛋白组学差异时发现基质重建相关蛋白5(MXRA5)在两者之间的表达有明显的差异,而目前并没有关于MXRA5是否可以作为结直肠癌肿瘤标志物的研究;本实验的目的是探索MXRA5在结直肠癌中的表达情况以及其临床意义.方法:运用免疫组化和实时定量PCR技术,对MXRA5在结直肠中的表达情况进行检测,并分析其与临床病理特征的关系.结果:MXRA5在结直肠正常组织、腺瘤和肿瘤中的免疫评分有明显差异(P＜0.05),而且MXRA5的阳性表达与肿瘤的分期和大网膜转移明显相关.基因水平MXRA5的表达没有发现明显差异.结论:我们的研究结果证实了MXRA5在肠癌组织中存在异常表达,并且可能是结直肠癌早期诊断或者大网膜转移的肿瘤标志物.     

结直肠癌中Galectin-3和β-catenin的表达与相关性研究

目的探讨结直肠癌中Galectin-3和β-catenin的表达与临床病理参数之间的关系。方法采用免疫组化En Vision法检测83例结直肠癌组织中galectin-3和β-catenin的表达。结果Galectin-3在结直肠癌中的阳性表达率为81.9%,β-catenin的异常表达率为62.7%。结直肠癌中galectin-3的表达与肿瘤的分化程度、浸润深度、淋巴结转移和病理分期有关(P0.05),而与患者年龄、肿瘤部位、肿瘤大小和脉管侵犯无关(P0.05)。结直肠癌中β-catenin的异常表达与分化程度、淋巴结转移、脉管侵犯和病理分期有关(P0.05),而与患者年龄、肿瘤部位、肿瘤大小和浸润深度无关(P0.05)。结直肠癌中galectin-3的表达与β-catenin异常表达呈正相关(P0.05)。结论Galectin-3的表达可能与结直肠癌的高浸润转移能力有关,其可能是通过β-catenin表达异常而促进肿瘤的浸润扩散。     

氨肽酶N在结直肠癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的:检测结直肠癌中氨肽酶N(APN)的表达,并通过分析其与血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)的关系,探讨APN在结直肠癌发生、发展过程中的作用及其临床意义。方法:应用免疫组织化学技术,检测40例结直肠癌组织及40例癌旁正常直肠组织中APN、VEGF和bFGF的表达,并结合临床病例特征进行分析。结果:40例结肠癌组织中APN的阳性率达52.5%(21/40),15例转移淋巴组织中达66.67%(10/15),在结直肠癌组织和转移淋巴结组织中的阳性表达率均明显高于癌旁正常直肠组织,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。APN、VEGF与bFGF在结直肠癌中的阳性表达均与患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、肿瘤位置、分化程度无关(P0.05),而与肿瘤的分期和有无转移显著相关(P0.05)。结直肠癌组织中APN与VEGF、bFGF的表达间均呈显著正相关性(P0.05)。结论:APN在结直肠癌组织中呈高表达,与VEGF、bFGF可能具有协同作用,共同参与调节结直肠癌的发展,对于评估结直肠癌的生物学行为和预测患者的预后可能具有重要价值。     

肝癌微血管浸润相关长链非编码RNA(lncRNA-MVIH)在结直肠癌中的表达

为了探讨长链非编码RNA肝癌微血管浸润相关mRNA(MVIH-lncRNA)在结直肠癌中的表达及其临床意义。本研究采用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-q PCR)检测MVIH-lncRNA在44例结直肠癌组织、44例癌旁组织和13例正常结肠组织中表达。研究结果表明:MVIH-lncRNA在结直肠癌组织中的表达显著高于癌旁组织(p0.001)和正常结肠组织(p0.001),并且MVIH-lncRNA的表达在正常结肠组织、癌旁组织、结直肠癌组织中呈递增趋势(p0.001)。高表达MVIH-lncRNA与淋巴结转移相关,而与年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、肿瘤分化不相关;MVIH-lncRNA表达上调患者生存时间更短(p=0.034),其在结直肠中高表达提示预后不良。本研究的结果表明MVIH-lncRNA在结直肠癌的早期诊断、预后评价中的具有重要的意义,为进一步研究MVIH-lncRNA在结直肠癌的发生发展中的分子机理奠定了研究基础。     

MMP-7和Survivin在结直肠癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨Wnt信号通路中基质金属蛋白酶7（matrix melluoproteinases7,MMP-7）和凋亡抑制基因Survivin在结直肠癌组织中表达及其与临床病理特征的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学染色（Elivision）方法检测100例结直肠癌组织和60例癌旁正常黏膜组织中MMP-7和Survivin蛋白的表达。结果MMP-7蛋白在100例结直肠癌组织和60例癌旁正常黏膜组织中的阳性表达率分别为77．00％（77／100）和13．33％（8／60）,两组问差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;Survivin蛋白在100例结直肠癌组织和60例癌旁正常黏膜组织中的阳性表达率分别为65．00％（65／lOO）和15．00％（9／60）,两组问差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。MMP-7与Survivin蛋白阳性表达均与肿瘤的淋巴结转移和Dukes分期有关（P〈0．05）,此外,MMP-7蛋白在结直肠癌中的阳性表达也与肿瘤的浸润深度有关（P〈0．05）。而MMP-7与Survivin蛋白的阳性表达无相关性（r=0．097,P〉O．05）。结论MMP-7和Survivin在结直肠癌中的高表达可能与结直肠癌的发生、发展、浸润和转移等相关,检测癌组织中MMP-7和Survivin的表达有助于为结直肠癌的病情进展及预后判断提供帮助。     

Matrix metalloproteinase 2 promotes cell growth and invasion in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the western world. In this study, we evaluated the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 gene (MMP2) in CRC and analyzed its correlation with clinicopathological features. We found that the expression of MMP2 was significantly higher in CRC tissues than in the colorectal tissues. In addition, high levels of MMP2 protein were positively correlated with the status of tumor size, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, Dukes' stage, and tumor invasion. Moreover, patients with higher MMP2 levels had markedly shorter overall survivals than those with low MMP2 levels. Multivariate analysis results suggested that the level of MMP2 expression is an independent prognostic indicator for the survival of patients with CRC. Silencing MMP2 expression in CRC cell lines with lentiviral-mediated shRNA markedly suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation, and invasion. Furthermore, we observed that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and membrane type 1 (MT1)-MMP protein levels were decreased in MMP2-down-regulated colorectal cells. Therefore, our study demonstrated that MMP2 is an important factor related to carcinogenesis and metastasis of CRC, and MMP2 promotes CRC cell growth and invasion by up-regulating VEGF and MT1-MMP expression, which makes this pathway a potential target for cancer treatment.     

Overexpression of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is associated with tumor progression and an unfavorable prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer

Integrin-linked kinase (ILK), an intracellular serine-threonine kinase, has been reported to be overexpressed in multiple types of human malignancies, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The prognostic value of ILK in CRC, however, remains unknown. In the present study, expression of ILK in 25 paired primary CRC samples and adjacent noncancerous tissues were quantified using real-time PCR and Western blotting. ILK protein expression was analyzed in 102 archived, paraffin-embedded CRC samples using immunohistochemistry. The correlation between ILK expression and clinicopathological factors was evaluated by the χ² test. Patients’ overall survival was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier method. We found that both ILK mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly up-regulated in primary CRC samples compared with their corresponding normal tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed relative high expression of ILK in 43 of 102 (42.2 %) primary CRC samples. Statistical analysis showed a significant correlation of ILK expression with tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, tumor invasion, and tumor-node-metastasis stage. Patients with tumors displaying high-level ILK expression showed significantly shorter overall survival (P = 0.028, log-rank test). More importantly, multivariate analysis indicated that high ILK protein expression was an independent prognostic factor for CRC patients (P = 0.026). Taken together, our data suggest that ILK overexpression is associated with tumor progression and a poor prognosis in CRC patients and may represent a novel potential prognostic marker for patients with CRC.     

RhoGDI2 在结直肠癌组织中的表达及其与临床侵袭转移的关系

目的:研究鸟嘌呤核苷酸解离抑制因子2(Rho GDI2)在结直肠癌(CRC)组织中的表达及其与临床侵袭转移的关系。方法:收集本院于2015年1月至2015年12月收治的80例CRC患者手术切除的原发灶组织和正常癌旁组织。采用免疫组化法检测各组织标本中Rho GDI2的表达情况,并分析其表达量与临床病理特征的相关性。结果:(1)Rho GDI2主要表达于CRC癌细胞胞浆中,在肿瘤原发灶和正常癌旁组织中的阳性表达率分别为26.25%和0.00%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);(2)肿瘤原发灶中Rho GDI2的阳性表达率与患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤位置、大小、数量、组织学分级、原发灶分期、血管浸润、神经浸润间均不存在相关关系(P0.05),而与淋巴结转移及远端转移有关(P0.05)。结论:Rho GDI2在CRC肿瘤原发灶中呈阳性表达,且其高表达可促进CRC的侵袭转移,可作为CRC治疗的作用靶点。     

Matrix metalloproteinase-9,-3 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in colorectal cancer: relationship to clinicopathological variables

The balance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their physiological tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) is crucial in tumour invasion and progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of MMP-9, MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and to evaluate these proteinases and their inhibitor with respect to clinicopathological variables. Activities of pro- and active MMP-9 were measured in paired tumour and distant normal tissue specimens from 43 patients with CRC using gelatin zymography. ELISA was employed for the determination of MMP-9, MMP-3 and TIMP-1 protein expressions. The activity levels of pro- and active MMP-9 and protein expression levels of MMP-9, MMP-3 and TIMP-1 were higher in tumour tissues than in the corresponding normal tissues; the differences being significant for all (p < 0.05), except TIMP-1. Similarly, active MMP-9/proMMP-9 and the ratio of protein expression level of MMP-9-TIMP-1 were found to be significantly higher in tumour tissues ( p < 0.01). Among all the clinicopathological variables investigated, significant correlations were found between MMP-9 and presence of perineural invasion, MMP-3 and lymph node status, TIMP-1 and tumour differentiation, MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio and histological types ( p < 0.05). In conclusion, MMP-3 was not as notably increased as MMP-9 in tumour tissues. However, different roles may be attributed to MMP-9 and MMP-3 in CRC development and progression. Additionally, assessment of TIMP-1 in relation to MMPs appeared to be crucial in CRC studies to provide a basis for the re-evaluation of the clinical usefulness of TIMP-1 in colorectal cancer.     

宫颈癌组织RACK-1、Lgr5表达与临床病理特征及预后的关系

目的:探讨宫颈癌(CC)组织激活的蛋白激酶C受体1(RACK-1)、富含亮氨酸重复序列的G蛋白偶联受体5(Lgr5)表达与临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法:选取2012年1月-2016年1月于三峡大学附属仁和医院接受手术治疗的134例CC患者作为研究对象,选取CC组织以及对应的癌旁正常组织,同时选取该院因宫颈良性病变行肿物剥除或附件切除的134例患者的正常宫颈组织作为对照,采用免疫组化链霉素抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶连(SP)法对各组织进行免疫组化染色,依据阳性细胞率和染色强度分析CC组织中RACK-1、Lgr5的表达情况,并分析RACK-1、Lgr5表达与CC患者临床病理特征的相关性,分析Lgr5及RACK-1不同阳性表达强度的CC患者的预后。结果:CC组织中RACK-1、Lgr5阳性表达率高于癌旁组织和正常宫颈组织,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);RACK-1、Lgr5阳性表达与TNM分期、肿瘤分化程度、淋巴结转移、脉管内癌栓相关(P0.05),与患者的年龄、肿瘤大小、病理类型、肿瘤浸润深度、宫旁侵犯、手术切缘无关(P0.05);Lgr5、RACK-1阳性高表达组患者的3年生存率、生存时间低于Lgr5、RACK-1阳性低表达组患者,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:RACK-1、Lgr5在CC组织中表达上调,并与部分临床病理特征及预后有关,检测RACK-1、Lgr5有助于CC患者的诊断及预后评估。     

Proteome analysis and tissue microarray for profiling protein markers associated with lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND: Understanding the proteins associated with lymph node metastasis (LNM) in colorectal cancer (CRC) will benefit us in the prediction of CRC prognosis and provide us new potential targets in the intervention of CRC. The aim of this study is to investigate the LNM-associated proteins and to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics of these target proteins' expression in CRC. METHODS: Fresh tumor and paired normal mucosa from five cases for each group of non-LNM CRC and LNM CRC were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis coupled with MALDI-TOF-MS, followed by Western blotting confirmation. In 40 paraffin-embedded CRC samples, each for non-LNM CRC and LNM CRC, four differentially expressed proteins identified by proteomics analysis were detected by tissue microarray with immunohistochemistry staining to access the clinicopathological characteristics of these proteins in LNM of CRC. RESULTS: Twenty-five proteins were found to be differentially expressed between normal mucosa and CRC tissue. Increased expression levels of heat shock protein-27 (HSP-27), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and Annexin II, but a decreased expression level of liver-fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP), existed in LNM CRC as compared with non-LNM CRC (p<0.01 or p<0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION: The techniques of proteomic analysis combined with tissue microarray provide us a dramatic tool for screening of LNM-associated proteins in cancer research. The increased expression of HSP-27, GST, and Annexin II, but decreased expression of L-FABP, suggests a significantly elevated incidence of LNM in CRC.     

Proteomic-based identification of the APC-binding protein EB1 as a candidate of novel tissue biomarker and therapeutic target for colorectal cancer

Novel candidates of biomarker and therapeutic target in colorectal cancer (CRC) were investigated using a proteomic approach. The proteome of normal colorectal epithelial tissues was compared with that of the tumor ones in 59 CRC patients using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis. Of 3458 protein spots, 110 exhibited statistically significant (p<0.01) differences in intensity (more than 2.5-folds) between the normal and tumor tissue groups. Of 67 unique gene products that were identified for 105 of the 110 protein spots, we focused on the higher expression of the adenoma polyposis coli-binding protein EB1 (EB1). EB1 was originally discovered as a binding protein of APC, which is a tumor suppressor gene product, and the expression of EB1 has been associated with poor prognosis in several malignancies but not in CRC. Immunohistochemical analysis of the 132 CRC cases revealed that EB1 was overexpressed in tumor cells in correlation with poor prognosis. Suppression of EB1 by RNAi inhibited CRC cell proliferation and invasion. In this study, the overexpression of EB1 in CRC tissues correlating with prognosis, and its functional contribution to the malignant phenotypes of CRC cells are described. The present findings indicate that EB1 is a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in CRC.