下调bla表达提高pcDNA3.1+在重组菌中的稳定性*

高拷贝质粒pcDNA3.1+在鼠伤寒沙门氏菌SL7207中不稳定。通过去除pcDNA3.1+中氨苄青霉素抗性基因(bla基因)的启动子序列,仅保留其核糖体结合位点,构建了新质粒pmcDNA3.1+。SL7207(pmcDNA3.1+)在含与不含氨苄青霉素的培养基中均能稳定保留其质粒。SL7207(pmcDNA3.1+)的β-内酰胺酶活力明显低于SL7207(pcDNA3.1+),且接种SL7207(pmcDNA3.1+)的液体培养基中的氨苄青霉素不易被降解。腹腔接种小鼠7d后,脾脏中SL7207(pmcD     

稳定携带H5亚型禽流感病毒候选DNA疫苗减毒沙门氏菌的构建及其免疫原性

采用PCR技术从重组质粒pVAX1-HA扩增出禽流感病毒JSGO(H5N1)株的血凝素(HA)基因,将其克隆入真核表达质粒pmcDNA3.1 中,获得重组表达质粒pmcDNA3.1-HA。通过电穿孔转化法将重组质粒转入减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌SL7207*,构建成功携带DNA疫苗的重组沙门氏菌SL7207*(pmcDNA3.1-HA)。经体内体外试验证实,重组质粒pmcDNA3.1-HA在沙门氏菌中的稳定性显著高于pcDNA3.1-HA。将重组菌SL7207*(pmcDNA3.1-HA)和SL7207*(pcDNA3.1-HA)分别以2×109CFU剂量两次口服免疫BALB/c小鼠,免疫小鼠可产生针对禽流感病毒HA蛋白的黏膜抗体。重组菌以5×109CFU剂量两次口服免疫试验鸡,免疫鸡的小肠样品中可测到针对禽流感病毒HA蛋白的黏膜抗体,且SL7207*(pmcDNA3.1-HA)免疫组的抗体效价高于SL7207*(pcDNA3.1-HA)免疫组。免疫保护试验结果显示,SL7207*(pmcDNA3.1-HA)和SL7207*(pcDNA3.1-HA)免疫组的免疫保护率均与空载体组之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05),且SL7207*(pmcDNA3.1-HA)免疫组的保护率较SL7207*(pcDNA3.1-HA)免疫组提高了22.6%,说明稳定携带H5亚型禽流感病毒DNA疫苗的减毒沙门氏菌具有良好的免疫原性和免疫保护性。     

稳定携带山羊痘病毒DNA疫苗减毒沙门氏菌的构建

为构建质粒稳定型山羊痘DNA疫苗,采用PCR与限制性酶切技术去除真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1(+)的氨苄抗性bla基因启动子序列,构建改良质粒pmcDNA3.1(+),然后插入山羊痘病毒P32基因,获得重组表达质粒pmcDNA3.1-P32,通过TSS法将其转化至减毒沙门氏菌中,构建成功携带山羊痘DNA疫苗的重组减毒沙门氏菌SL7207(pmcDNA3.1-P32);体内和体外试验结果表明,重组质粒pmcDNA3.1-P32在沙门氏菌中的稳定性显著高于pcDNA3.1-P32。这为下一步减毒沙门氏菌介导的山羊痘DNA免疫研究奠定了基础。     

稳定携带新城疫病毒DNA疫苗减毒沙门氏菌的构建及其免疫原性

采用PCR技术从重组质粒pVAX1-F中扩增出新城疫病毒JS5株的融合蛋白(F)基因,将其克隆入真核表达质粒pmcDNA3.1 中,获得重组表达质粒pmcDNA3.1-F.通过电穿孔转化法将重组质粒转入减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌SL7207,构建成功携带DNA疫苗的重组沙门氏菌SL7207(pmcDNA3.1-F).体内、体外试验结果表明,重组质粒pmcDNA3.1-F在沙门氏菌中的稳定性显著高于pcDNA3.1-F.将重组菌SL7207(pmcDNA3.1-F)和SL7207(pcDNA3.1-F)分别以1×109 CFU剂量两次口服免疫BALB/c小鼠,免疫小鼠可产生针对新城疫病毒F蛋白的血清抗体和黏膜抗体.重组菌以5×109 CFU剂量两次口服免疫4日龄SPF鸡,免疫鸡产生的针对新城疫病毒F蛋白的血清抗体和小肠黏膜抗体效价水平与空载体组之间存在显著性差异(P＜0.05).免疫保护试验结果显示,SL7207(pmcDNA3.1-F)和SL7207(pcDNA3.1-F)免疫组的免疫保护率均与空载体组之间存在显著性差异(P＜0.05),且SL7207(pmcDNA3.1-F)免疫组的保护率较SL7207(pcDNA3.1-F)免疫组提高了20.0%,说明稳定携带新城疫病毒DNA疫苗的减毒沙门氏菌具有良好的免疫原性和免疫保护性.     

以减毒沙门氏菌为载体的小鼠肝炎病毒DNA疫苗的构建及其免疫原性

目的：构建以减毒沙门氏菌为载体的小鼠肝炎病毒DNA疫苗,研究该疫苗的免疫原性。方法：以小鼠肝炎病毒S1基因的重组真核表达质粒pVAX1—S1免疫BALB／c小鼠,ELISA检测其诱导抗体产生情况;再将重组质粒pVAX1—S1电转化到减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌SL7207中,构建运送S1基因的重组减毒沙门氏菌SL7207（pVAX1—S1）,口服免疫BALB／c小鼠,间接免疫荧光试验鉴定减毒沙门氏菌运送的DNA疫苗的免疫原性。结果：与pVAX1空载体对照组相比,重组真核表达质粒pVAX1—S1免疫组二免及三免后抗体水平分别存在显著性差异（P〈0．05）和极显著性差异（P〈0．01）。减毒沙门氏菌运送的DNA疫苗SL7207（pVAX1—S1）诱导小鼠产生了特异性的血清抗体。结论：构建的重组减毒沙门氏菌SL7207（pVAX1—S1）具有良好的免疫原性,可诱导小鼠产生特异性的体液免疫应答。这为进一步研制冠状病毒新型基因疫苗奠定了基础。     

携带TGEV DNA疫苗减毒沙门氏菌的构建及安全性与免疫性分析

【目的】探讨以减毒沙门氏菌为载体,进行TGEV DNA疫苗口服免疫可行性。【方法】通过RT-PCR扩增TGEV四川株（SC-H）S基因5’端约2.1 kb的主要抗原位点片段,将其插入真核表达载体pVAX1,构建重组质粒pVAX-S,体外转染COS7细胞,间接免疫荧光检测S基因表达。通过电转化将pVAX-S转入减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌SL7207,构建SL7207（pVAX-S）重组菌,并在体外感染小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,以RT-PCR、间接免疫荧光检测细胞内S基因的转录与表达情况。将SL7207（pVAX-S）重组菌以5×108、1×109、2×109CFU剂量口服接种BALB/c小鼠,分析其安全性,并以1×109CFU剂量的重组菌3次免疫BALB/c小鼠,通过间接ELISA检测免疫小鼠的血清IgG与肠道粘膜IgA抗体。【结果】成功构建重组质粒pVAX-S,且重组质粒能在COS7细胞中表达。重组菌SL7207（pVAX-S）感染巨噬细胞后检测到目的基因的转录、表达。小鼠口服接种不同剂量重组菌,具有良好的安全性。免疫小鼠于二免后两周可检测到针对TGEV S蛋白的特异性血清IgG与肠道粘膜IgA抗体,且三免后两周与SL7207（pVAX1）空载体免疫组间分别存在显著性差异（P<0.05）和极显著性差异（P<0.01）。【结论】携带TGEV DNA疫苗的减毒沙门氏菌小鼠试验显示了良好的免疫原性与安全性。     

山羊痘口服疫苗构建及其安全性、稳定性检测

目的:探索山羊痘新型疫苗.方法:将山羊痘病毒P32基因插入真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+),转化至减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌SL7207(aroA-);重组菌以不同浓度灌暇小鼠进行安全性检测,同时进行稳定性检测.结果:重组减毒沙门氏菌质粒PCR鉴定与预期大小(986bp、1 134bp)一致,完成山羊痘口服疫苗构建;安全性试验结果表明除1010CFU剂量组小鼠呈现轻微反应外,其它组别小鼠均健康存活;体外连续培养10代菌能检测到目的基因,以109CFU剂量灌服小鼠,在第1d、第3d肠内容物和第5d脾脏中分离到重组菌.结论:成功构建了以减毒沙门氏菌为载体的山羊痘口服疫苗,且具有良好的安全性和稳定性,为山羊痘新型疫苗的进一步深入研究奠定了基础.     

减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌运送的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒s1基因DNA疫苗及其免疫效力研究

为研制鸡传染性支气管炎新型基因工程疫苗,构建和表达了运送鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)DNA疫苗的重组减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌。首先将鸡传染性支气管炎病毒M41株的全长s1基因插入到嵌合CpG DNA的真核表达质粒pVAX1中,构建出重组真核表达质粒pVAX1-S1-CpG。然后将重组质粒转化减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌SL7207,构建出运送DNA疫苗的重组减毒沙门氏菌SL7207(pVAX1-S1-CpG)。将重组菌SL7207(pVAX1-S1-CpG)分别以1×109CFU,5×109CFU,1×1010CFU的剂量滴鼻和口服接种4日龄雏鸡,2周内所有试验鸡均无任何不良反应,试验结果表明重组菌SL7207(pVAX1-S1-CpG)具有良好的安全性。在免疫后35 d,商品鸡体重测定结果表明重组菌免疫不影响鸡体增重。以5×109CFU重组菌滴鼻和口服两次接种4日龄商品代伊莎褐蛋鸡,二免3周后,血清抗体和小肠黏膜抗体测定结果表明,SL7207(pVAX1-S1-CpG)免疫组抗体水平与空白对照组、空载体对照组之间分别存在极显著性差异(P<0.01)。攻毒试验结果表明,重组菌SL7207(pVAX1-S1-CpG)免疫组有较高的免疫保护效力,与灭活苗和减毒苗效力相当,显示出一定的应用前景。     

鼠伤寒沙门氏菌SL7207 SifA-突变株的构建和鉴定

鼠伤寒沙门氏菌SifA^-基因突变株的特点是能进入真核细胞的胞液。利用P22噬菌体转导技术构建了鼠伤寒沙门氏菌疫苗株SL7207的SifA^-突变株SL7207,该突变株与SL7207有着相似的体外生长曲线和细胞侵袭力,SL7207。在MDCK上皮细胞中的增殖能力增强,但在RAW264．7巨噬细胞中的生存能力减弱。小鼠毒力试验显示SL7207。在BALB／c小鼠体内毒力下降。仅SL7207在体外可向RAW264．7巨噬细胞递送真核表达质粒。SL7207的构建为重组沙门氏菌疫苗载体的研制提供了一个新的选择。     

以减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌为载体的人呼吸道合胞病毒F蛋白DNA 疫苗滴鼻免疫抗体分析

[目的]以减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌(Salmonella typhimurium aroA strain SL7207,SL7207)为载体携带可表达呼吸道合胞病毒(Human respiratory syncytial vrius,RSV)密码子优化的融合蛋白(Fusion glycoprotein,F)的真核表达质粒,探讨不同黏膜免疫途径及密码子优化对免疫效果的影响.[方法]通过对RSV野生型F基因(Fwt)进行密码子优化,获得密码子优化的F基因(Fsyn),并构建可表达Fsyn的真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1/Fsyn,转化SL7207得到SL7207/pcDNA3.1/Fsyn.分别经滴鼻和灌胃途径,免疫BALB/c小鼠,采用间接ELISA方法比较免疫效果.[结果]与灌胃组相比,滴鼻组诱导小鼠产生了更高水平的血清IgG和黏膜SIgA,获得了更好的免疫效果(P＜0.05).与野生型相比,密码子优化的F蛋白具有更好的免疫原性(P＜0.05).[结论]经滴鼻途径免疫和密码子优化能够提高以SL7207为载体的RSV DNA疫苗免疫效果.     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Determination of stoichiometry of radioiodination of proteins

A sensitive method for the detection of small quantities of hydrophobic antioxidant free radical scavengers such as butylatedhydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylatedhydroxyanisole (BHA) in aqueous samples is described. The procedure involves extraction of the hydrophobic free radical scavenger into an organic solvent phase, followed by the subsequent reaction of an aliquot of this extract with the stable cation radical tris(p-bromophenyl)amminium hexachloroantimonate (TBACA). In experiments with BHT and BHA, the loss of TBACA absorbance at 730 nm was found to be linearly proportional to the amount of antioxidant added, with quantities of BHT as small as 200 pmol being easily detectable. In aqueous suspensions of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles, assays of the aqueous BHT concentration showed that BHT partitioned strongly into the membrane phase, achieving very high BHT/phospholipid ratios. For a given concentration of BHT, partitioning into the membrane phase was greater in large, multilamellar liposomes than in either small, single-walled vesicles or in purified rat brain synaptic vesicle membranes. Direct assay of BHT and BHA in phospholipid membranes, however, was complicated by a nonspecific interaction between TBACA and the phospholipid.