南岳自然保护区爬行动物资源调查

为了调查清楚南岳自然保护区的自然资源概况 ,我们受南岳区政府的委托 ,组织综合考察队于2 0 0 0年 6月至 2 0 0 2年 6月对南岳自然资源进行了考察 ,现将自然保护区的爬行动物资源调查情况报告如下。1　自然概况　　湖南省南岳衡山是一座孤山 ,地处北纬 2 7°2 0′1 0″～ 2 7°1 9′40″,东经 1 1 2°3 4′2 8″～ 1 1 2°45′3 6″,南岳自然保护区总面积为 1 1 991 .6 hm2 ,山体连绵起伏 ,系中同地貌 ,最底海拔 80 m,最高海拔 1 2 89.8m。山脉呈北北东至南南西走向 ,由东北向西倾斜 ,坡度一般为 3 0°～ 40°,南端边缘悬崖地带坡度最大可…     

四川梅花鹿的分布、数量及栖息环境的调查

1992年 7月至 1 999年 8月野外调查发现 ,四川梅花鹿现残存于青藏高原东部边缘山地、岷山山系北段 3块相互完全隔离的区域。铁布分布区 (E1 0 2°46′～ 1 0 3°1 4′、 N33°58′～ 34°1 6′)属四川省若尔盖县铁布自然保护区和占哇乡、降扎乡 ,甘肃省迭部县益哇乡、电尕乡 ,面积 860 km2 ,有鹿 630～ 650只 ;巴西分布区 (E1 0 3°0 8′～ 1 0 3°35′、 N33°33′～ 33°46′)属若尔盖县巴西乡、求吉乡、阿西茸乡、包座乡和九寨沟县的大录乡 ,面积 60 3km2 ,有鹿 1 30～ 1 50只 ;白河分布区 (E1 0 3°59′～ 1 0 4°1 0′、N33°0 5′～ 33°2 0′)属四川省九寨沟县白河自然保护区和农康乡、白河乡、罗依乡、马家乡 ,面积 390 km2 ,有鹿 30～ 45只。高原与高山峡谷的过渡地貌、山地温带气候、森林与灌丛草甸相互镶合的植被 ,加之地域偏僻、人烟稀少 ,当地藏族群众视其为神鹿 ,使上述 3个区域成为四川梅花鹿最后的避难所。     

太白山北块蝶类调查

有关太白山蝶类的专题研究,周尧教授和邱琼华教授于1962年曾作过报道,太白山蝶类有6科98种。经过20多年时间,太白山区的蝶类分布又有什么变化呢?1989年8月上旬,我们主要对太自山自然保护区(北坡)的蝶类进行了一次调查采集活动。现将调查情况报告如下:一、自然概况太白山自然保护区位于陕西省境内,地跨眉县、周至、太白三县,距西安120公里。地处东经107°19′—107°58′和北纬33°40′—34°10′之间。东西长约61公里,南北宽约39     

广西隆林隆或地区早石炭世皱纹珊瑚

广西隆林各族自治县隆或镇位于东经105°3′-105°50′,北纬25°20′-25°40′,地处云贵高原东缘,平均海拔在1000m以上,交通不便,解放前属地质工作的空白地区。1970-1972年广西区测队第五分队对本区进行了1/20万区域地质测量工作,为本区的区域地质工作奠定了基础(插图1)。本区大地构造单元属于右江褶皱带红水河     

甘肃白水江国家级自然保护区的蛇类调查

笔者于91～92年7月初步调查了甘肃白水江国家级自然保护区(东经104°17′～105°25′、北纬32°36′～33°15′)的蛇类,采集标本30余号,经鉴定为2科12属18种(包括甘肃新纪录绞花林蛇1种),另有资料记载4属6种,共计2科16属24种,占甘肃蛇类的75%。     

蛇雕繁殖生态的初步观察

蛇雕(Ｓｐｉｌｏｒｎｉｓｃｈｅｅｌａ)属隼形目鹰科猛禽。有关其繁殖行为研究,到目前未见报道。笔者于1997～1998年,在贵州茂兰国家级自然保护区内,对蛇雕东南亚种(Ｓｐｉｌｏｒｎｉｓｃｈｅｅｌａｒｉｃｋｅｔｔｉ)的繁殖生态作了初步观察,现将观察情况报道如下。1　自然概况茂兰保护区位于贵州南部的荔波县境内。东经107°10′10″～108°05′40″,北纬25°09′20″～25°20′50″。海拔500～1100ｍ,最高点为肯西山1170ｍ。林区总面积2100ｈｍ2。为中亚热带季风湿润气候。年平均气温153℃,年降雨量1750ｍｍ左右,集中于4～10月,年平均相对…     

芦芽山自然保护区紫啸鸫的繁殖生态观察

紫啸鸫 (Ｍｙｉｏｐｈｏｎｅｕｓｃａｅｒｕｌｅｕｓ)为山地溪边生活的鸟类。 1 997～ 1 999年的 5至 9月作者在芦芽山保护区对紫啸鸫的繁殖生态作了观察。现将结果报道如下。1　自然概况及工作方法芦芽山自然保护区位于山西省吕梁山北端 ,地处宁武、五寨、岢岚三县交界 ,东经 1 1 1°50′～ 1 1 2°5′3 0″,北纬 3 8°3 5′4 0″～ 3 8°4 5′之间。境内森林繁茂 ,灌木丛生 ;总面积 3 2 . 1 8万亩 ,主峰芦芽山海拔 2772ｍ ;年均温 4～ 7°Ｃ ,年降水 50 0～ 70 0ｍｍ ,无霜期 90～ 1 3 5天。工作过程中 ,我们事先选定三条调查路线 ,(圪洞…     

濒危植物巴东木莲的分布及保护策略

为了研究中国特有物种国家二级保护植物巴东木莲(Manglietiapatungensis)的濒危机制,对巴东木莲的分布现状、生境进行了野外调查。原生巴东木莲的空间分布范围是北纬28°47′10″～30°51′53″,东经107°9′～110°38′9″;垂直分布为海拔374～1029m。湖北咸丰县尖山乡和湖南桑植五道水乡杨家坪村为巴东木莲的新分布点。从整体来看,巴东木莲的分布是不连续的、零星的,而且范围很狭窄;分布区的环境条件差异大。人类对巴东木莲的不合理利用及生境片断化是造成其野生资源迅速减少和许多现有种群不能自然更新的主要原因。还对巴东木莲的分布现状提出了相关的保护措施。只有采取保护优先、合理开发的措施,才可获得资源的可持续性利用。     

攀枝花苏铁

1971年,四川省林科所和飞播林场进行植被考查时,发现大片自然苏铁林,地理座标是东经101°33′30″～101°35′38″,北纬26°36′58″～26°38′33″。分布总面积约300多公顷,约12万株,集中在攀枝花市巴关河民政、平江一带,海拔1100～1500m的石灰岩山地、稀树草丛地带,定名为攀枝花苏铁(Cycas Panzhihuaensis)。     

绵阳地区肺吸虫第二中间宿主——淡水蟹类感染情况的调查

为了探索绵阳地区肺吸虫自然疫源地与人群感染的关系,自1981年起,我们先后对青川、平武、广元、江油、剑阁、梓潼、北川、安县等山丘地区10个县进行了调查,现将结果报告如下。 一、一般情况 绵阳地区位于四川盆地西北边缘,东经104°45′—107°45′,北纬30°20′—33°05′,由龙门山脉、大巴山脉构成北高南低垂直梯度较大     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.