藏酋猴精液深低温冻存的研究──不同的冷冻程序、冷冻稀释保存液冻存效果的比较

以存活率（ＳＲ）、复苏运动度（ＲＭ）、ＳＰＡ为精子活力检测指标，对四种冷冻程序ＰＳＦ、Ｈ３Ｐ、ＬＰ、ＭＤＰ和卵黄的、无卵黄的冷冻稀释保存液进行了藏酋猴（Ｍａｃａｃａ ｔｈｉｂｅｔａｎａ）精液冻存比较研究。 ＰＳＦ的ＳＲ为９０．１±１．９％，ＲＭ为６３．８±２．８％，显著高于其他三种冷冻程序（Ｐ＜０．０１）。卵黄冷冻稀释保存液（ＭＤＭ）的ＳＲ（９５． ４±１．３％）和ＲＭ（８８．０±１０．２％）显著高于无卵黄防冻液（ＦＣＳ－Ｇ／ＴＨ）的ＳＲ（９０．１±１．９％）和ＲＭ（６３．６±２．８％），但前者在复苏一小时后，ＲＭ（１２．５±１．６％）明显低于后者的ＲＭ（５４． ７±２． ２％）。用 ＦＣＳ～Ｇ／ＴＨ冻存的精液经 ＳＰＡ检测，其穿透率为新鲜精子的 ５１． ９％。结果提示：１）慢速降温冷冻程序适于藏酋猴精液冻存；２）卵黄冷冻稀释保存液能较好地保存藏酋猴精液的活动度；而无卵黄防冻液则有利于延长其冷冻精子的运动寿命。这可能与两者的稀释液及所含的脂蛋白不同有关。     

稀土La~（3＋）和维生素C对黄瓜PSⅡ颗粒放氧活性机理影响的初探

用１０μｇ／ｇＬａ￣（３＋）、１．０％Ｖｃ、１０μｇ／ｇＬａ￣（３＋）＋１·０％Ｖｃ、蒸馏水四种处理,喷施正处在衰老过程中的黄瓜叶片,一周后提取ＰＳⅡ颗粒,通过ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ、薄层扫描和Ｃｌａｒｋ测氧等测试技术,发现处理与对照的ＰＳⅡ颗粒在与放氧活性密切相关的３３、２３、１７ｋＤ三肽的相对总含量上有变化,１０μｇ／ｇＬａ￣（３＋）处理比对照减少２８．９％,而１．０％Ｖｃ和１０μｇ／ｇＬａ￣（３＋）＋１．０％Ｖｃ处理的与对照接近。前者的放氧活性降低３７．３％,后者的放氧活性增加６２．４％,是对照的１．６倍,共同处理的结果与对照相近。可见,在光合放氧中,１．０％Ｖｃ与１０μｇ／ｇＬａ￣（３＋）拮抗。而且,３３、２３、１７ｋＤ三肽总量的相对减少与放氧活性的高低呈正相关。     

一种改进的阴茎电刺激采精法和猕猴藏酋猴及熊猴的采精及其精液特征的初步研究

本文报道了一种改进的阴茎电刺激采精法,用脱脂棉和铝箔作为电极,以避免直接用金属电极可能对阴茎的损伤,并运用这一方法对猕猴（Ｍａｃａｃａｍｕｌａｔｔａ）、藏酋猴（Ｍ．ｔｈｉｂｅｔａｎａ）和熊猴（Ｍ．ａｓｓａｍｅｎｓｉｓ）进行了电刺激采精及其精液特征研究。电刺激采精模式为连续刺激和间断刺激方式。在采精过程中没有发生阴茎损伤。对初次接受电刺激采精的动物以间断刺激模式效果较好。猕猴、藏酋猴和熊猴的射精体积分别为２．０±０．１、６．３±１．１和３．２±０．６ｍｌ;液化体积分别为０．７±０．６、２．１±０．４和１．７±０．３ｍｌ;精子浓度分别为１２．６±１．２×１０~８、４５．６±５．６×１０~８和１１．５±０．９×１０~８／ｍｌ。３种动物精液的液化率分别为：猕猴３６．２±０．９％,藏酋猴３４．０±１．４％;熊猴５１．８±１．２％。３种动物的精子总数与射精体积和凝块体积没有相关性（ｒ~２＝０．０７９;０．０１６;０．０９４和ｒ~２＝０．０６４;０．０２０;０．０７２）。上述结果表明：１）改进的阴茎电刺激采精法适用于猕猴,特别是阴茎表面较为粗糙的藏酋猴和熊猴;２）藏酋猴的射精体积和精子总数是迄今已报道的非人灵长类中最大的,可能     

中麻黄悬浮培养体系的建立

本文用中麻黄无菌苗为外植体,其切段培养在附加２ｍｇ／Ｌ２,４－Ｄ和０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ　６　ＢＡ的ＭＳ培养基上,全部脱分化形成白色疏松愈伤组织。愈伤组织继代培养于ＭＳ＋０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ２,４－Ｄ＋０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ６ＢＡ＋０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ　ＮＡＡ＋４％蔗糖的培养某上。以继代培养愈伤组织为材料进行悬浮培养,培养基为附加０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ２,４－Ｄ＋０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ６ＢＡ＋０．１ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ＋２％蔗糖的ＭＳ液体培养基,得到分散性好,细胞形状接近圆形,细胞大小均一,细胞团多由２－３０个细胞组成的悬浮培养体系。第三代悬浮培养细胞增长率为０．３５ｇ·ｆｗ／２０ｍｌ·ｄ,细胞有丝分裂指数为１１．２％。条件培养和高密度接种可缩短延迟期,条件培养不能提高分裂指数,１ｇ／１０ｍｌ接种密度可使分裂指数提高至２１．２％。     

福建九龙江口秋茄红树林铜铅锌锰元素的累积及动态

探讨福建九龙江口秋茄（Ｋａｎｄｅｌｉａ ｃａｎｄｅｌ （Ｌ．） Ｄｒｕｃｅ）红树林Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ 元素的累积和生物循环。结果表明：该林地表层土壤（０～３０ ｃｍ 深）Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ 元素的储量分别为６．８６、４．２３、２５．６４和１３４．６７ ｇ／ｍ ２;植物体不同部位相应元素的含量范围分别为１．８５～６．９７、０．３７～３．７４、１６．０～２５．２和１４０～１４０５ μｇ／ｇ。群落Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ 元素的现存储量分别为８７．９８、４０．３４、３３５．３４和８００６．９９ ｍ ｇ／ｍ ２;林地残留物中相应元素的储量分别为５９３．０６、４９．２７、２４５０．７９和４３４８６．７０ μｇ／ｍ ２。群落Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ 元素的生物循环为：年吸收量分别为１０．１７、４．３２、４９．１４和２２６８．１６ ｍ ｇ／ｍ ２;年归还量分别为２．２１、０．７０、１８．６３和１５７４．９８ ｍ ｇ／ｍ ２;年存留量分别为７．９６、３．６２、３０．５１和６９３．１８ ｍ ｇ／ｍ ２;周转期分别为４０、５８、１８和５年。吸收系数、利用系数和循环系数均为Ｍｎ＞ Ｚｎ＞ Ｃｕ＞ Ｐｂ     

亲和层析纯化HepG2细胞分泌的PAI—1

本文报道用抗ＰＡＩ－１单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ）亲和层析建立了纯化ＰＡＩ－１的简便方法。经免疫亲和层析,Ｓｅｐｈａｃｒｙｌ Ｓ２００凝胶过滤,从ＨｅｐＧ２细胞培液中分离到糖基化和非糖基化两种形式的ＰＡＩ－１,回收率为８４％,ＰＡＩ－１比活性为６．１×１０＾４ＩＵ／ｍｇ。糖基化ＰＡＩ－１分子量为５０ｋＤ,比活性５．８×１０＾４ＩＵ／ｍｇ。非糖基化ＰＡＩ－１分子量４３ｋＤ,占总ＰＡＩ－１３０％,仍具有ＰＡ     

P物质对GABAA和GABAB受体介导的DRG神经元膜反应的调制作用

实验在幼年大鼠ＤＲＧ标本上进行。应用细胞内记录观察了ＳＰ对ＧＡＢＡ反应的调制作用。结果证明：（１）单独滴加ＳＰ（５×１０（－６）－４×１０（－５）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）或浴槽灌流ＳＰ（１０（－６）－５×１０（－６）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）不引起膜电位的改变或仅有轻微的去极化,但却能使ＧＡＢＡ引起的去极化反应减小５０．８±２０．２％（±ＳＤ）（２０／３０）;（２）单独滴加ＳＰ可使多数受检细胞ＡＰＤ５０延长２８．７±９．１％（±ＳＤ）（１０／１８）;（３）在预加ＳＰ后,能使ｂａｃｌｏｆｅｎ所引起的ＡＰＤ５０缩短效应（２０．６±２．９％,±ＳＤ）完全消除（４／１２）或翻转成ＡＰＤ（５０）延长１９．３±８．９％（±ＳＤ）（８／１２）;（４）预加ＧＡＢＡＢ受体激动剂ｂａｃｌｏｆｅｎ（１０（－４）－１０（－３）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）３０—９０ｓ后明显地抑制ｍｕｓｃｉｍｏｌ（１０－４－１０－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）引起的去极化反应,其抑制效应达５４．４±１８．８％（±ＳＤ）（１７／２０）。由于ＤＲＧ神经元的胞体通常可用来作为研究初级传入终末的模型,因而本文实验结果提示：介导伤害性刺激信息的Ｐ物质在背角的释放,可能作用于初级传入终末,从而产生对抗ＧＡＢＡ介导的突触     

东北虎血液成分的测定与分析

用氰化高铁血红蛋白法、改良纽鲍氏计算板法、显微测量法、低渗ＮａＣｌ试管法、微量毛细吸管离心法、血细胞计算板法和瑞特氏染色三区计数法，分别测得和算出８只东北虎血液中血红蛋白含量１３１±７．５ｇ／Ｌ、红细胞数７．１１±Ｏ．５３×１０１２／Ｌ、红细胞直径５．５８（４．６２—６．５５）μｍ、红细胞渗透脆性０．６０６±０．０６５—０．４３０±０．０４５％、红细胞压积容量３８．１±２．６８％、白细胞总数２３．３±７．５×１０９／Ｌ、嗜中性白细胞５７．９％、淋巴细胞３５．６％、单核细胞３．５％、嗜酸性粒细胞１．８％、嗜硷性粒细胞＜１％、平均红细胞体积５３．６±２．７５ｆＬ、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量１７．９±１．２５Ｐｇ、平均每个红细胞血红蛋白分子数１５８９±１１０×１０５个、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度３３．５±２．７％；用全自动凯氏定氮法测定并计算得出血清总蛋白含量７３．６±１２．６ｇ／Ｌ、血清白蛋白含量４６．５±３．２％及血清球蛋白含量２７．１±１３．１ｇ／Ｌ。上述各项结果为保护东北虎提供了难得而有意义的生理参考值。     

梅花鹿甲烷能代谢规律的研究

本文应用ＫＢ－１型呼吸测热装置,结合消化、代谢试验,对梅花鹿（Ｃｅｒｖｕｓｎｉｐｐｏｎ）甲烷能代谢规律进行了研究。结果表明,梅花鹿甲烷能的产生量随其采食量的增加而增加;也随着果食后时间的推移而减少,而且减少的幅度又随采食量的增加而下降;甲烷能的产生量分别占总能食入量、消化能食入量和体增热的６．６１％、８．８３％和１０．８８％;甲烷能的产生量随着日粮蛋白质水平的提高而降低,日粮蛋白质水平每提高１个百分点,甲烷能产生量就降低５８．５８ｋＪ／ｄ;分别以总能食入量（ＧＥＩ）和干物质食入量（ＤＭＩ）为自变量所建立的甲烷能（ＣＨ４Ｅ）估计分别为：ＣＨ４Ｅ（ｋＪ／ｄ）＝０．０７ＣＥＪ（ｋＪ／ｄ）－１０１．０４（ｎ＝１２,ｒ＝０．９４４,Ｐ＜０．０１）ＣＨ４Ｅ（ｋＪ／ｄ）＝９８．７８＋１．０５ＤＭＩ（ｇ／ｄ）（ｎ＝１２,ｒ＝０．９４２,Ｐ＜０．０１）     

小鼠腺病毒单克隆抗体的研制及初步应用

应用杂交瘤技术获得４株分泌抗小鼠腺病毒（ＭｕｒｉｎｅＡｄｅｎｏｖｉｒｕｓＭＡｄ）单克隆抗体细胞株,并对其特性进行分析。经鉴定,它们所分泌的抗体类型均为ＩｇＭ,腹水效价为１０－３～１０－６。相对亲和力分别为０．１μｇ／ｍｌ（Ａ９）、０．６５μｇ／ｍｌ（Ｂｌ）、１２．５μｇ／ｍｌ（Ｇ４）和２３μｇ／ｍｌ（Ｄ４）。与其他１０种鼠源性病毒均无交叉反应,表明ＭｃＡｂ具有良好的特异性。单抗标记ＦＩＴＣ后用于人用鼠源性单抗制品及各种传代细胞和原代细胞中ＭＡｄ检测,获得良好的实验结果。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.