鲫鱼酸性磷酸酶酶学特性及不同效应物对酶活力的影响

经NaAc-HAc缓冲液(pH5.0)抽提,正丁醇处理,硫酸铵分级沉淀,DEAE-32离子交换层析,SephadexG-150凝胶过滤纯化,从鲫鱼内脏中分离纯化出电泳纯的酸性磷酸酶。该酶提纯倍数为30.82,比活力195.06U/mg。研究表明,该酶催化对硝基苯磷酸二钠水解反应,最适pH4.8,pH小于4和大于7时不稳定;最适温度45℃,温度高于50℃不稳定;米氏常数为0.23mmol/L,利用SDS-PAGE测定酶亚基分子量为33.3kD。化学修饰剂SUAN、PMSF、DTT、NBS对该酶活力影响不大,BrAc和IAc有明显抑制作用。金属离子对该酶催化活力有不同影响,Na+、K+、Ni2+、Co2+影响不显著,Mg2+、Ca2+、Ba2+、Mn2+有激活作用,Ag+、Cu2+、Pb2+、Cd2+有抑制作用,其中Mg2+、Ca2+、Pb2+、Cd2+对鲫鱼酸性磷酸酶荧光光谱的影响表明金属离子对酶活力的影响与酶构象改变有关。       

重组磷脂酰丝氨酸合成酶的分离纯化及酶学性质研究

利对重组枯草芽孢杆菌(pBES-pss)表达的磷脂酰丝氨酸合成酶进行分离纯化及酶学性质研究.pBES-pss发酵后的粗酶液经硫酸铵盐析、中空纤维膜除盐浓缩、SP-Sepharose HP离子交换层析和Sephadex G-75凝胶层析,基本获得电泳纯的重组磷脂酰丝氨酸合成酶,比活力可达13.62 U/mg,分子量约为53 kD.酶学性质研究表明,该酶催化卵磷脂水解反应的最适pH8.0,最适温度为35℃.稳定性研究表明:该酶在pH 6.5～9.5 区间和低于45℃温度下稳定.表面活性剂及金属离子对该酶水解活性的影响结果表明,SDS、Tween20、Tween80对该酶有抑制作用,Triton X-100对该酶有增强作用;Mg2+、Zn2+、K+对该酶有抑制作用,Ca2+、Mn2+和EDTA对该酶有增强作用.     

黑木耳漆酶纯化及部分漆酶特性的研究

黑木耳漆酶研究可为漆酶的进一步分离纯化、基因克隆表达和大规模生产应用奠定基础。对黑木耳"黑29"菌株漆酶粗酶液进行硫酸铵分级沉淀后,通过Native SDS-PAGE电泳检测,存在3种漆酶LacA、LacB、LacC,分子量分别为60,34,19 kD。经硫酸铵分级沉淀和DEAE-Sephacel柱层析技术分离得一纯化成分LacC,纯化倍数7.60,酶活性回收4.28%。对LacC的pH、温度、金属离子和Km值等部分酶学性质进行研究发现,该酶氧化ABTS的Km值为1.18×10-6mol/L,催化氧化底物ABTS的最适pH为3.8,在pH 3.0~4.6表现出较强的稳定性;最适反应温度为55℃,低于50℃时有较好的热稳定性;金属离子Ag+对漆酶有激活作用,而Fe3+、Mn2+、Co2+则有抑制作用。     

龙须菜中溴过氧化物酶的分离纯化及酶学性质分析

对中国北方海域江蓠属养殖龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneiformis)进行了溴过氧化物酶分离纯化及性质的研究。粗提液中酶催化检测反应不稳定, 活力单位较低或无; 经DEAE cellulose 52离子交换层析, 去除了结构多糖及藻胆蛋白, 酶催化反应稳定, 得到比活力为2.8的电泳纯溴过氧化物酶。对纯化溴过氧化物酶性质研究表明: 该溴过氧化物酶为单体酶, 分子量约66 kD, 溴化单氯双甲酮时的最适pH值为6.0, 在40°C以下和pH 3.0~9.0之间有很好的稳定性。钒酸盐可提高该溴过氧化物酶的催化活性, 而Fe2+、Fe3+、Cu2+、Zn2+和EDTA等化合物对其有较显著的抑制作用。反应动力学实验表明, 该酶对Br-、H2O2的Km分别为53.5 mmol/L和38 mmol/L。     

龙须菜中溴过氧化物酶的分离纯化及酶学性质分析

对中国北方海域江蓠属养殖龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneiformis)进行了溴过氧化物酶分离纯化及性质的研究。粗提液中酶催化检测反应不稳定, 活力单位较低或无; 经DEAE cellulose 52离子交换层析, 去除了结构多糖及藻胆蛋白, 酶催化反应稳定, 得到比活力为2.8的电泳纯溴过氧化物酶。对纯化溴过氧化物酶性质研究表明: 该溴过氧化物酶为单体酶, 分子量约66 kD, 溴化单氯双甲酮时的最适pH值为6.0, 在40°C以下和pH 3.0~9.0之间有很好的稳定性。钒酸盐可提高该溴过氧化物酶的催化活性, 而Fe2+、Fe3+、Cu2+、Zn2+和EDTA等化合物对其有较显著的抑制作用。反应动力学实验表明, 该酶对Br-、H2O2的Km分别为53.5 mmol/L和38 mmol/L。     

天然巴曲酶的酶学性质研究

目的 研究巴西矛头蝮蛇蛇毒中纯化的天然巴曲酶的酶学性质.方法 测定不同的温度、pH值和金属离子等条件对重组定点突变巴曲酶活性的影响.结果 实验表明,该酶在温度30～40℃,pH 6.5～9.0活性较为稳定;其最适反应温度为37℃,pH为7.5;Mg2+、K+和Ca2+离子对酶活有激活作用,而Cu2+、Fe2+和Zn2+离子对该酶有抑制作用.结论 从蛇毒提取的天然巴曲酶酶学性质比较稳定.     

棒曲霉Asp-195v产蛋白酶的酶学性质研究

对液体发酵的棒曲霉Asp-195v菌株所产蛋白酶的活力进行了研究,并通过分离纯化获得了电泳纯的酶蛋白。研究结果表明,该蛋白酶的最适反应温度为40℃,在30-50℃温度范围内相对活力可保持在70%以上;最适pH为7,pH稳定范围在4-8;Mn2+对该蛋白酶活力有明显的激活作用,K+、Ag+、Cu2+、Fe2+、Mg2+、Zn2+、Ca2+、Al3+和Fe3+离子则有明显的抑制作用,尤其是Hg2+和Pb2+对酶活的抑制作用更加强烈;其他试剂如葡萄糖、EDTA对酶活的抑制作用不明显,而蔗糖、SDS和Tween-20对酶活的抑制明显;以酪氨酸为底物采用双倒数作图法测得Vmax为30.40mmol/min,Km为97.53mmol/L。该酶的表观分子量为30.1kDa。     

重组textlinin-1抑制活性的性质研究

目的对毕赤酵母表达的textlinin-1(Q8008)进行分离纯化,并对其抑制plasmin活性的性质进行研究。方法构建表达Q8008pachia pastoris工程菌,经发酵、纯化得到纯度达95%以上的Q8008。考察不同的温度、pH缓冲液和金属离子等条件对Q8008抑制plasmin活性的影响。结果 Q8008在中性条件下比较稳定,其最适pH值为7.0,最适温度为40℃,在30~50℃相对酶活力在90.0%以上;有2个金属离子对Q8008活性测定方法的影响产生了显著性差异,Zn2+起激活作用,Co2+起抑制作用,其余金属离子均无显著性差异。结论 Q8008在中性pH下抑制活性稳定;在50℃以下,受温度变化影响较小;金属离子对其抑制活性测定有一定影响。     

酸性α-淀粉酶的分离纯化与酶学性质研究

纯化了枯草芽胞杆菌xm-1菌株酸性α-淀粉酶,并对其酶学性质进行了研究。通过硫酸铵沉淀和Sephadex G-75凝胶层析将酸性α-淀粉酶粗酶液纯化了32.5倍,活力回收率为10.0%。酶性质测定结果表明,该酸性α-淀粉酶分子量约为60kD,最适反应温度为45℃、最适作用pH5.0,该酶在pH3.4-6.0下稳定,高温耐受性差。Cu2+、Zn2+、EDTA对酶有不同程度的抑制作用,Ca2+和Mn2+对酶具有较强的激活作用。     

蛋白激酶C的分离纯化及其性质研究

 本文由兔脑细胞质可溶部分分离纯化了蛋白激酶C,测得该酶分子量为79.2kD,最适pH为6.5,最适反应温度为20℃,热不稳定,即使在4℃下,24h就丧失活力50％,同时观察了蛋白激酶C的抑制剂H_7对酶活力的影响。     

Purification and characterization of an extracellular beta-lactamase produced by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus.

A beta-lactamase was purified 430-fold from the culture supernatant of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus by ion exchange chromatography on CM-Sephadex and affinity chromatography on phenylboronic-acid-agarose. The purified enzyme was homogeneous as judged by SDS-PAGE, and was characterized with respect to molecular mass (38 and 41 kDa by gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 and SDS-PAGE, respectively), pH optimum (pH 7.0), temperature optimum (45 degrees C) and isoelectric point (9.3). The beta-lactamase showed mainly cephalosporinase activity. It was inhibited by cloxacillin, carbenicillin, penicillanic acid sulphone (sulbactam) and aztreonam. It was not inhibited by clavulanic acid up to a concentration of 0.25 mM. Neither EDTA nor p-chlormercuribenzoate, up to concentrations of 1 or 100 mM, respectively, affected activity. According to these characteristics, it is a typical CEP-N cephalosporinase.     

Purification and characterization of a vitelline coat lysin from Ciona intestinalis spermatozoa.

In Ciona intestinalis a chymotrypsin-like activity is involved in sperm penetration of the egg vitelline coat. A chymotrypsin-like enzyme has been purified from spermatozoa by a protocol including ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration, and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purified enzyme resulted homogeneous when analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight of the chymotrypsin-like enzyme was estimated to be 35 kDa by gel filtration and 24 KDa by SDS-PAGE in nonreducing conditions. The pH optimum of the enzyme is 8.4 and its activity is enhanced by Ca2+. It shows the highest activity towards the synthetic substrate Suc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-AMC. Furthermore, by electron microscopy, the purified enzyme affects the structure of egg vitelline coat, and thus it fulfills one of the criteria of a lysin.     

大凉疣螈碱性磷酸酶的分离纯化及部分性质

碱性磷酸酶 (alkaline phosphatase,AKP)在生物界的分布很广 ,动物、植物、微生物中均广泛存在 .提纯的 AKP常被应用于对核酸等的研究 ,是基因工程常用的工具酶 ,也是酶标免疫测定技术的常用工具酶之一 .人类血清中的 AKP在不同疾病状态下有显著变化 ,临床上将血清 AKP变化指标作为诊断某些疾病的依据 .对于细菌和高等动物的 AKP已有广泛的研究 ,但国内外对两栖爬行类动物 AKP的研究报导却很少 ,仅有蛇毒中 AKP的研究报导 [1,2 ] .本文对大凉疣螈皮肤的 AKP进行了分离纯化 ,并对其部分性质进行了初步研究 .1　材料和方法1 .1　材…     

Isolation and some properties of a nonspecific extracellular ribonuclease of Aspergillus clavatus]

RNase has been isolated from the homogenate of the Aspergillus clavatus mycelium by gel filtration through Sephadex G-75, chromatography on CM-cellulose and DEAE-cellulose. By gel filtration and electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel the preparation has been shown to be homogeneous. The enzyme is acid protein with the isoelectric point at pH 4.4 and molecular weight of 27,000. RNase has pH optimum at 6.0--6.2 and temperature optimum 60 degrees for RNA action. The enzyme splits RNA completely in the absence of metal ions. Ions Zn2+, Cu+2, Ag+1 and Ni+2 at a concentration of 10(-4) M are strong inhibitors of RNase activity.     

One-step purification of chitinase from Serratia marcescens NK1, a soil isolate

AIMS: A simple single step technique of gel filtration was developed for the purification of chitinase from Serratia marcescens NK1. METHODS AND RESULTS: Chitinase from Ser. marcescens NK1 was purified to homogeneity by gel filtration chromatography with 9.2% recovery. The enzyme had a pH optimum of 6.2 and a temperature optimum of 47 degrees C. It was stable in a wide pH range of 3.0 to 10.0, retaining 60% activity at pH 3.0 and 65% activity at pH 10.5. It retained 70% activity at 28 degrees C after 72 h and nearly 50% activity at 50 degrees C up to 24 h. CONCLUSION: The chitinase from Ser. marcescens NK1 can be efficiently purified in a single step by gel filtration chromatography. The chitinase of Ser. marcescens NK1, a soil isolate, is highly stable and as active as that of other reported isolates of Ser. marcescens. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This purification scheme is advantageous because of its simplicity and can therefore be applied for the purification of other enzymes. The yield is sufficient for initial characterization studies of the enzyme, and an improved resolution can be obtained if the chromatography is done under fast flow systems.     

Proteolytic activity in the maize pollen wall

A new protease from maize ( Zea mays L.) pollen is described. It was purified using gel filtration, ion exchange and high performance liquid chromatography. SDS-PAGE and HPLC showed that the enzyme has a dimeric structure of M, ca 60,000. Inhibitor investigations indicated an aspartic acid residue in its active site. The optimum pH for maize pollen aspartic proteinase activity was 5.6, and the optimum temperature was 45°C. The enzyme is easily eluted from the pollen grains and, as confirmed by enzymoblotting after isoelectric focusing, it is located in the pollen wall. Similar to metallo-proteinases, its activity is inhibited by Zn₂₊. The pL value for purified aspartic proteinase, as estimated after IEF, was 5.0. Two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis of proteins eluted from maize pistils suggests that the enzyme digests the proteins and may be involved in pollen-tube germination. The properties of serine and aspartic proteinases from maize pollen are compared.     

Purification and properties of 3-ketovalidoxylamine A C-N lyase from Flavobacterium saccharophilum

3-Ketovalidoxylamine A C-N lyase was purified about 900-fold from the cell-free extract of Flavobacterium saccharophilum by ammonium sulfate fractionation, column chromatography on CM cellulose and gel filtration on Sephacryl S-200. The purified enzyme was homogeneous as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 36,000 by gel filtration on Sephacryl S-200 and by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, indicating that the enzyme is a monomer. The optimum pH was found at 9.0. The enzyme activity was inhibited by EDTA or ethyleneglycol bis(beta-aminoethylether)-N,N'-tetraacetic acid and the inhibition was reversed by Ca2+ ion. The enzyme was able to eliminate p-nitroaniline or p-nitrophenol from p-nitrophenyl-3-ketovalidamine (IV) or p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-3-ketoglucoside (VI), but not from p-nitrophenyl-1-epi-3-ketovalidamine or p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-3-ketoglucoside. Apparent Km values for IV and VI were 0.24 mM and 0.5 mM, respectively.     

Purification and partial characterization of manganese peroxidase from immobilized Phanerochaete chrysosporium

Solid-state culture of the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium BKMF-1767 (ATCC 24725) has been carried out, using an inert support, polystyrene foam. Suitable medium and culture conditions have been chosen to favor the secretion of manganese peroxidase (MnP). The enzyme was isolated and purified from immobilized P. chrysosporium and partially characterized. Partial protein precipitation in crude enzyme was affected using ammonium sulphate, polyethylene glycol, methanol, and ethanol methods. Fractionation of MnP was performed by DEAE-Sepharose ion exchange chromatography followed by Ultragel AcA 54 gel filtration chromatography. This purification attained 23.08% activity yield with a purification factor of 5.8. According to data on gel filtration chromatography and sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), the molecular weight of the enzyme was 45 000±1000 Da. The optimum pH and temperature of purified MnP were 4.5 and 30 °C, respectively. This enzyme was stable in the pH range 4.5–6.0, at 25 °C and also up to 35 °C at pH 4.5 for 1 h incubation period. MnP activity was inhibited by 2 mM NaN₃, ascorbic acid, β-mercaptoethanol and dithreitol. The K_m values of MnP for hydrogen peroxide and 2.6-dimetoxyphenol were 71.4 and 28.57 μM at pH 4.5, respectively. The effects of possible inhibitors and activators of enzyme activity were investigated.     

Purification and characterization of tannase from Paecilomyces variotii: hydrolysis of tannic acid using immobilized tannase

An extracellular tannase (tannin acyl hydrolase) was isolated from Paecilomyces variotii and purified from cell-free culture filtrate using ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. Fractional precipitation of the culture filtrate with ammonium sulfate yielded 78.7% with 13.6-folds purification, and diethylaminoethyl–cellulose column chromatography and gel filtration showed 19.4-folds and 30.5-folds purifications, respectively. Molecular mass of tannase was found 149.8 kDa through native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis. Sodium dodecyl sulphate–PAGE revealed that the purified tannase was a monomeric enzyme with a molecular mass of 45 kDa. Temperature of 30 to 50°C and pH of 5.0 to 7.0 were optimum for tannase activity and stability. Tannase immobilized on alginate beads could hydrolyze tannic acid even after extensive reuse and retained about 85% of the initial activity. Thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, and ¹H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectral analysis confirmed that gallic acid was formed as a byproduct during hydrolysis of tannic acid.