脱卤脱亚硫酸菌脱氯呼吸链的遗传分析*

以携有结合转座子Ｔｎ９１６的Ｅｎｔｅｒｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ　ｆａｅｃａｌｉｓ　ＪＨ２－２为供体,脱卤脱亚硫酸菌ＨＳＳ１（Ｄｅｓｕｌｆｉｔｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍ　ｄｅｈａｌｏｇｅｎａｎｓ,Ｓｍ抗性突变株）为受体,在厌氧条件下,通过滤膜杂交、结合转移,将Ｔｈ９１６转移并插入到受体菌的染色体上,其转移频率为：１．１×１０^－７～３×１０^－８。　在丙酮酸／乳酸－３－氯－４－羟基苯氧乙酸、Ｔｃ、Ｓｍ培养基上,筛选脱氯呼吸的缺陷型突变株,并用反向ＰＣＲ（Ｉ     

β－甘露聚糖酶酶解植物胶及其产物对双歧杆菌的促生长作用

由地衣芽孢杆菌ＮＫ－２７获得的β－甘露聚糖酶在４０℃、酶液终浓度１ｕ／ｍｌ时,经１２ｈ水解魔芋粉、角豆胶、瓜儿豆胶和田菁胶所生成的酶解产物,经薄层层析检测表明为单糖和低聚糖。在ＰＹＧ和ＧＡＭ液体培养基中,添加不同量的四种植物胶酶解产物对青春双歧杆菌（Ｂｉｆｉｄｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍａｄｏｌｅ－ｓｃｅｎｔｉｓ）具有明显的促生长作用,菌体增殖数从１０^７提高到１０^８个／ｍｌ。     

培养条件对马铃薯晚疫病菌卵孢子产生的影响*

马铃薯晚疫病菌（Ｐｈｖｔｏｐｈｔｈｏｒａ　ｉｎｆｅｓｔａｎｓ）在我国能够进行有性生殖产生卵孢子^［１］,研究了离体培养时培养基成份、温度、光照及ｐＨ值对卵孢子产生的影响。结果表明：白云豆培养基、小米培养基和大豆培养基均适合卵孢子的产生,产生的数量为１３１．６～１４９．６个／ｃｍ^２,但冰冻豌豆培养基不适合卵孢子的产生,产生的数量仅为５．８个／ｃｍ^２。比较不同ｐＨ值、不同温度、不同光照条件对卵孢子产生的影响发现,ｐＨ值为７、温度为１     

一株产虾青素的黄杆菌CF-60的研究

从土壤中分离到一株黄杆菌（Ｆｌａｖｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍｓｐｐ）Ｃ_Ｆ－６０,该菌的生长需Ｍｇ^２＋存在,ＭｇＳＯ_４·７Ｈ_２Ｏ的最适浓度为０．２％;蛋白胨是该菌株生长的最好氮源,它不能利用无机氮。种龄超过９６ｈ的菌体不能在新鲜培养基中生长。经５４ｈ的２Ｌ恒化器发酵,生物量达６．８ｇ／Ｌ,色素产量为１０．６ｍｇ／Ｌ。该菌产生的类胡萝卜素成分简单,主要成分的含量为９０．３％,该成分经初步鉴定是分子结构中含有羰基和羟     

高活性反硝化颗粒污泥的研究

以上流式厌氧污泥床（ＵＡＳＢ）反应器中的反硝化颗粒污泥为样品,研究了颗粒污泥的基本特性。测定出颗粒污泥中的优势无机元素为Ｃａ、Ｐ．颗粒表面以球菌和短杆菌为主。反硝化菌是颗拉中的优势菌群,数量可达６．５ｘ１０^８－１．５ｘ１０^１０个／ｍｌ颗粒污泥。初步鉴定了两株脱氮菌Ｍｉｃｒｏｃｏｃｃｕｓｓｐ．ｓｔｒａｉｎＮ_１和ＰｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓａｅｒｕｇｉｎｏｓａｓｔｒａｉｎＮ_２．     

阿特拉津降解菌株的分离和鉴定*

从农药厂废水中分离到６株能以除草剂阿特拉津为唯一氮源生长的细菌，即假单胞菌（Ｐｓｅｕ－ｄｏｍｏｎａｓ ｓｐｐ．）ＡＤ１、ＡＤ２和 ＡＤ６，土壤杆菌（Ａｇｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍ　ｓｐ．）ＡＤ４，黄单胞菌（Ｘａｎｔｈｏｍｏｎａｓ ｓｐ．）ＡＤＳ，欧文氏菌（Ｅｒｗｉｎｉａ ｓｐ．）ＡＤ７。ＡＤ１菌株能使无机盐培养基中的 ０．３ｇ／Ｌ阿特拉津在７２ｈ内降解９９，９％。当以ＡＤ１、ＡＤ２、ＡＤ４、ＡＤ５、ＡＤ６和ＡＤ７菌株的总ＤＮＡ为模板进行ＰＣＲ扩增时，除Ａ     

金线莲一促生真菌原生质体制备和再生研究

从药用植物内生真菌中筛选到对植物生长有显著促进作用的粘帚霉属的一种真菌（Ｇｌｉｏｃｌａｄｉｕｍｓｐ.简称Ｙ菌）,以它为出发菌株,进行原生质体制备与再生条件的研究。将培养４８ｈ的Ｙ菌菌丝体经过巯基乙醇处理３０ｍｉｎ,并用１％的纤维素酶和溶壁酶混合液于２８℃酶解３ｈ,原生质体得率可达２．１４Ｘ１０^７个／ｍＬ,在含０.５Ｍ的甘露醇为稳渗剂的再生培养基上,其原生质体的再生率可达３．８６ｘ１０^４。     

诺卡氏菌形放线菌β甘露聚糖酶的纯化和性质

产β１ ,４Ｄ甘露聚糖酶的诺卡氏菌形放线菌（ Ｎｏｃａｒｄｉｏｆｏｒｍ ａｃｔｉｎｏｍｙｃｅｔｅｓ） 菌株ＮＡ３５４０ ,发酵培养７２ｈ ,发酵液离心去菌体,上清经硫酸铵沉淀,９５ ％ 乙醇沉淀,ＣＭＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ａ５０ 柱层析、羟基磷灰石柱层析、ＤＥＡＥ纤维素离子交换及Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｇ１００ 分子凝胶过滤柱等步骤,β甘露聚糖酶的比活提高了１３７ 倍,获得凝胶电泳均一的蛋白样品。经ＳＤＳＰＡＧＥ 和凝胶过滤法分别测定β甘露聚糖酶分子量为４１ｋＤ和４０ｋＤ,证明该酶为单聚体;用等电聚焦电泳测得其等电点为４－８ ;经氨基酸组成分析,发现蛋白中有较高含量的Ｇｌｙ、Ａｓｐ、Ａｌａ 及Ｇｌｕ 残基。该酶的最适反应温度为７５ ℃,在不超过６０ ℃时酶活较稳定;酶反应的最适ｐＨ 为８－０ ,ｐＨ 稳定范围为６－５～１１－０ 。重金属离子Ｈｇ^２＋ 、Ｃｕ^２＋ 、Ｐｂ^２＋ 、Ｆｅ^3＋ 、Ｃｏ^２＋ 、Ｚｎ^２＋ 能强烈抑制该酶活性,而Ｍｎ^２＋ 、Ｆｅ^２＋ 、Ａｇ^＋ 对该酶有部分的抑制作用,低浓度的Ｎａ^＋ 、Ｋ^＋ 、Ｌｉ^＋ 对该酶基本没有影响。     

农作物秸秆发酵剂的研究

用液体、固体不同培养方式,对异常汉逊酵母（Ｈａｎｓｅｎｕｌａａｎｏｍａｌａ）ＡＳ２．３００、白地霉（Ｇｅｏｌｒｉｃｈｕｍｃａｎｄｉｄｕｍ）ＡＳ２．３６１、康宁木霉（Ｔｒｉｃｈｏｄｅｒｍａｋｏｎｉｎｇｉｉ）ＴＫ—２、植物乳杆菌（Ｌａｃｔｏｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓｐｌａｎｔａｒｕｍ）ＬＰ—５等菌进行分别培养,然后按一定比例配成农作物秸秆发酵剂。并进行了对玉米秸秆发酵试验：在室温条件下发酵７天,添加５％发酵剂,发酵产物的粗蛋白含量提高一倍左右;添加２０％发酵剂,发     

脉冲电泳核型分析在酿酒酵母菌分类学研究中的应用

根据酵母属（ Ｓａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ Ｍｅｙｅｎ ｅｘ Ｒｅｅｓｓ） 分类学研究最新进展,核实并更新了保藏于中国普通微生物菌种保藏中心的该属菌株的种类归属。在形态和生理生化性状,包括对６ 种糖的发酵能力、对１８ 种碳源和３ 种氮源化合物的同化能力、在无维生素培养基中和３７ ℃下的生长情况、对放线菌素酮的抗性等常规分类学研究的基础上,对部分疑难菌株进行了脉冲电泳核型比较分析。酿酒酵母（ Ｓａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓｃｅｒｅｖｉｓｉａｅ） 、贝酵母（ Ｓ．Ｂａｙａｎｕｓ） 和巴氏酵母（ Ｓ．Ｐａｓｔｏｒｉａｎｕｓ） 三者与少孢酵母（ Ｓ．Ｅｘｉｇｕｕｓ） 在电泳核型上具有明显的差异,主要表现在前三者染色体ＤＮＡ 分子的大小范围均为２２５ ～２２００ ｋｂ ,而Ｓ．Ｅｘｉｇｕｕｓ 缺少小于３６５ ｋｂ 的染色体ＤＮＡ 分子。Ｓ．Ｃｅｒｅｖｉｓｉａｅ 的模式和权威菌株具有１２ ～１４ 条染色体ＤＮＡ 带;Ｓ．Ｂａｙａｎｕｓ 和Ｓ．Ｐａｓｔｏｒｉａｎｕｓ 的模式菌株均有１７ 条带,但在带型上存在一定差异。原归于Ｓ．Ｃｅｒｅｖｉｓｉａｅ 的株菌ＡＳ２－１００ 具有１６ 条带,与Ｓ．Ｃｅｒｅｖｉｓｉａｅ 区别明显而与Ｓ．…     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.