结直肠癌组织LASS2、HOXB7蛋白表达与凋亡指数及预后的关系分析

摘要 目的：探讨结直肠癌（CRC）组织人源长寿保障基因2（LASS2）、同源异型盒基因B7（HOXB7）表达与凋亡指数（AI）及预后的关系。方法：选择2013年10月至2015年4月期间在我院接受治疗的105例CRC患者作为研究对象。检测其CRC组织以及癌旁组织中LASS2、HOXB7表达以及AI,分析LASS2、HOXB7表达与临床病理特征的关系,采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析不同LASS2、HOXB7表达患者总生存率的差异,Cox比例风险回归分析CRC患者预后的影响因素。结果：CRC组织中LASS2阳性率低于癌旁正常组织,而HOXB7阳性率高于癌旁正常组织（P<0.05）,CRC组织中AI低于癌旁正常组织（P<0.05）。经Spreaman相关性分析显示CRC组织LASS2阳性率和AI呈正相关关系,而HOXB7阳性率和AI呈负相关关系（P＜0.05）。LASS2表达与临床分期、浸润深度和淋巴结转移有关（P<0.05）,而HOXB7表达与临床分期和淋巴结转移有关（P<0.05）。HOXB7表达阳性患者的生存率低于HOXB7表达阴性患者,而LASS2表达阳性患者的生存率高于LASS2表达阴性患者（P<0.05）。Cox比例风险回归分析结果显示,临床分期为Ⅲ期、有淋巴结转移、LASS2阴性表达、HOXB7阳性表达以及AI＜2.0%均是影响CRC患者预后的危险因素（P<0.05）。结论：在CRC组织中HOXB7阳性率升高,而LASS2阳性率以及AI下降,且与临床分期以及淋巴结转移密切相关。LASS2、HOXB7表达及AI与CRC患者的生存和预后联系密切。     

结直肠癌组织LRFN4、HMGB2、MAGE-A9的表达及与临床病理特征和预后的关系分析

摘要 目的：探讨结直肠癌组织富含亮氨酸重复序列/Ⅲ型纤维连接蛋白4(LRFN4)、高迁移率族蛋白B2(HMGB2)、黑色素瘤相关抗原-A9(MAGE-A9)表达与临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法：对2013年5月至2015年5月期间在我院接受治疗的102例结直肠癌患者进行研究。检测结直肠癌组织以及癌旁组织中LRFN4、HMGB2、MAGE-A9表达情况。分析LRFN4、HMGB2、MAGE-A9表达与临床病理特征的关系；分析LRFN4、HMGB2、MAGE-A9表达对患者总生存率的影响。分析影响结直肠癌患者预后的因素。结果：与癌旁组织相比，结直肠癌组织中LRFN4、HMGB2、MAGE-A9表达阳性率上调（P<0.05）。LRFN4、HMGB2、MAGE-A9表达与TNM分期和淋巴结转移相关（P<0.05）。LRFN4、HMGB2、MAGE-A9阳性表达患者的生存率分别低于LRFN4、HMGB2、MAGE-A9阴性表达患者（P<0.05）。Cox比例风险回归分析结果显示，TNM分期、LRFN4、HMGB2、MAGE-A9表达是结直肠癌患者预后的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论：结直肠癌组织中LRFN4、HMGB2、MAGE-A9表达阳性率上调，并与结直肠癌的进展和患者的预后有关，检测LRFN4、HMGB2、MAGE-A9表达情况有助于患者的预后评估。     

乳腺癌组织FOXP3、HMGA2、RASAL2的表达及与临床病理特征和预后的关系

摘要 目的：探讨乳腺癌组织叉头框蛋白P3（FOXP3）、高迁移率族蛋白A2（HMGA2）、大鼠肉瘤蛋白活化因子2（RASAL2）的表达及其与临床病理特征和预后的关系。方法：选取2014年6月至2015年6月期间我院收治的102例乳腺癌患者作为研究对象。检测乳腺癌组织以及癌旁组织中FOXP3、HMGA2、RASAL2表达,分析FOXP3、HMGA2、RASAL2表达与临床病理参数的相关性。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析不同FOXP3、HMGA2、RASAL2表达患者总生存率的差异。Cox比例风险回归模型分析乳腺癌患者预后的影响因素。结果：与癌旁组织相比,乳腺癌组织中FOXP3、HMGA2阳性表达率升高,而RASAL2阳性表达率降低（P<0.05）。FOXP3、HMGA2、RASAL2表达均与TNM分期和淋巴结转移相关（P<0.05）。FOXP3、HMGA2阳性患者的生存率明显低于FOXP3、HMGA2阴性患者,RASAL2阳性患者的生存率明显高于RASAL2阴性患者（P<0.05）。TNM分期Ⅲ期、FOXP3阳性表达、HMGA2阳性表达是影响乳腺癌患者预后的危险因素（P<0.05）,而RASAL2阳性表达是乳腺癌患者预后的保护因素（P<0.05）。结论：乳腺癌组织中FOXP3和HMGA2阳性表达率升高,而RASAL2阳性表达率降低,FOXP3和HMGA2阳性表达以及RASAL2阴性表达与乳腺癌患者TNM分期、淋巴结转移相关,并且是患者预后不良的影响因素。     

鼻咽癌组织COX-2、SDHB、HSP90β表达与临床病理特征及预后的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨鼻咽癌组织环氧化酶-2（COX-2）、琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDHB）、热休克蛋白90β（HSP90β）表达与临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法：应用免疫组织化学染色法对78例鼻咽癌组织和65例鼻咽部慢性炎症组织中COX-2、SDHB、HSP90β表达情况进行检测,并分析鼻咽癌组织中COX-2、SDHB、HSP90β表达与临床病理特征的关系及其相关性。所有患者随访3年,根据不同COX-2、SDHB、HSP90β表达情况将患者分为COX-2阳性组、COX-2阴性组、SDHB阳性组、SDHB阴性组、HSP90β阳性组、HSP90β阴性组,比较各组患者生存情况。结果：鼻咽癌组织中COX-2、HSP90β阳性率显著高于鼻咽部慢性炎症组织,SDHB阳性率显著低于鼻咽部慢性炎症组织（P<0.05）。TNM分期为III+IV期、中低分化、有颈淋巴结转移者鼻咽癌组织中COX-2、HSP90β阳性率显著高于TNM分期为I+II期、高分化、无颈淋巴结转移者,SDHB阳性率显著低于TNM分期为I+II期、高分化、无颈淋巴结转移者（P<0.05）。Spearman相关分析显示,鼻咽癌组织中COX-2表达与SDHB表达呈负相关（rs=-0.462, P=0.008）,与HSP90β表达呈正相关（rs=0.501, P=0.000）,HSP90?茁表达与SDHB表达呈负相关（rs=-0.438, P=0.012）。随访3年,存活49例,死亡29例,存活率62.82%。鼻咽癌组织COX-2阴性组、SDHB阳性组、HSP90β阴性组患者生存率、中位生存期显著优于COX-2阳性组、SDHB阴性组、HSP90β阳性组患者（P<0.05）。结论：鼻咽癌组织中COX-2、SDHB、HSP90β表达情况与患者TNM分期、肿瘤分化情况和颈淋巴结转移相关,且其表达情况与鼻咽癌患者生存期有密切关系。     

非小细胞肺癌组织PRRX1、VASH-1与微血管密度、临床病理参数和预后的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）组织配对相关同源框蛋白1（PRRX1）、血管抑制蛋白1（VASH-1）与微血管密度（MVD）、临床病理参数和预后的关系。方法：选择2018年1月至2020年1月辽宁省金秋医院行手术切除的156例NSCLC患者的癌组织及癌旁正常组织标本。应用免疫组织化学染色法检测癌组织及癌旁组织PRRX1、VASH-1的阳性表达率,并进行MVD计数。比较PRRX1阳性表达组/阴性表达组、VASH-1阳性表达组/阴性表达组MVD计数。分析PRRX1、VASH-1与NSCLC患者病理参数的关系。随访3年,应用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析PRRX1、VASH-1阳性/阴性表达与NSCLC患者预后的关系。结果：与癌旁组织相比,NSCLC患者癌组织PRRX1阳性表达率降低,VASH-1阳性表达率升高（P<0.05）。与PRRX1阴性NSCLC患者相比,PRRX1阳性NSCLC患者癌组织MVD降低,与VASH-1阴性NSCLC患者相比,VASH-1阳性NSCLC患者癌组织MVD升高（P<0.05）。与TNM I~II期、无淋巴结转移NSCLC患者的癌组织相比,TNM Ⅲ A期、淋巴结转移NSCLC患者的癌组织中PRRX1阳性表达率降低,VASH-1阳性表达率升高（P<0.05）。Kaplan-Meier法分析显示,PRRX1阳性组3年总体生存率（OS）、3年无病生存率（DFS）高于PRRX1阴性组（P<0.05）,VASH-1阴性组3年OS、3年DFS高于VASH-1阳性组（P<0.05）。结论：NSCLC患者的癌组织中PRRX1阳性表达率降低,VASH-1阳性表达率升高,与淋巴结转移、TNM分期及不良预后有关。     

非小细胞肺癌组织PD-L1、TTF-1、SYN表达与临床病理特征及预后的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）组织程序性细胞死亡蛋白1配体（PD-L1）、甲状腺转录因子-1（TTF-1）、突触素（SYN）表达与临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法：对2013年2月至2015年2月期间在我院治疗的97例NSCLC患者进行研究。检测NSCLC组织以及癌旁组织中PD-L1、TTF-1、SYN表达。分析PD-L1、TTF-1、SYN表达与临床病理特征的相关性。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析不同PD-L1、TTF-1、SYN表达患者总生存率的差异。Cox比例风险回归分析NSCLC患者预后的影响因素。结果：与癌旁组织相比,NSCLC组织中PD-L1、TTF-1阳性表达升高,SYN阴性表达升高（P<0.05）。PD-L1、TTF-1、SYN表达均与TNM分期和淋巴结转移相关（P<0.05）。PD-L1、TTF-1阴性患者的生存率分别高于PD-L1、TTF-1阳性患者,SYN阴性患者的生存率低于SYN阳性患者（P<0.05）。Cox比例风险回归分析结果显示,TNM分期、PD-L1阳性表达、TTF-1阳性表达、SYN阴性表达、淋巴结转移是NSCLC患者预后的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论：NSCLC组织中PD-L1、TTF-1阳性表达升高,SYN阴性表达升高,并且均与TNM分期、淋巴结转移和预后相关,其在NSCLC的诊断和预后评估中具有一定临床价值。     

血清AGR、CEA、CA199及MIC-1表达在老年结直肠癌诊断及预后评估中的应用价值

摘要 目的：研究血清白蛋白/球蛋白比值（AGR）、癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖类抗原（CA）199及巨噬细胞抑制细胞因子-1（MIC-1）表达在老年结直肠癌诊断及预后评估中的应用价值。方法：选取2020年3月-2022年12月我院收治的老年结直肠癌患者60例作为观察组,根据患者预后情况分为预后良好组（36例）和预后不良组（24例）,选取同期来我院体检的健康者58例作为对照组。比较观察组、对照组患者AGR、CEA、CA199、MIC-1表达水平,比较预后良好组和预后不良组AGR、CEA、CA199、MIC-1表达水平、一般临床资料,采用Logistic回归模型分析AGR、CEA、CA199及MIC-1表达与老年结直肠癌患者预后结局的关系。结果：预后良好组和预后不良患者既往靶向治疗、性别、年龄、肿瘤家族史、肿瘤位置、肿瘤距肛缘距离比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,预后良好组患者高分化、TNM分期ⅠⅡ期、淋巴结转移比例低于预后不良组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,预后良好组AGR高于预后不良组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,预后良好组CA199、CEA水平、MIC-1表达阳性较预后不良组更低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）观察组患者AGR低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,观察组CA199、CEA水平、MIC-1表达阳性比例高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,Logistic回归分析结果为TNM分期、AGR、CEA、CA199是老年结直肠癌患者预后的影响因素（P＜0.05）。Logistic回归模型联合预测老年结直肠癌患者预后不良的ROC曲线下面积为0.954,显著高于各指标单独预测ROC曲线下面积0.683、0.866、0.918、0.909（P＜0.05）。结论：血清AGR降低,CEA、CA199水平升高与老年结直肠癌预后不良有关,各指标联合预测老年结直肠癌患者预后不良有较好的应用价值。     

食管癌组织中β-catenin、E-cadherin及MMP-9的表达及其临床意义

摘要 目的：探讨食管癌组织中β-链蛋白（β-catenin）、E钙黏素（E-cadherin）及金属基质蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）的表达及其临床意义。方法：应用免疫组织化学染色法对60例食管癌患者癌组织和癌旁组织中β-catenin、E-cadherin及MMP-9蛋白表达进行检测,分析其表达与临床病理特征的关系。所有患者随访24个月,观察不同β-catenin、E-cadherin及MMP-9蛋白表达患者的生存情况,并分析食管癌患者癌组织中β-catenin、E-cadherin及MMP-9蛋白表达的相关性。结果：食管患者癌组织中β-catenin及MMP-9蛋白阳性率高于癌旁组织,E-cadherin蛋白阳性率低于癌旁组织（P<0.05）。中低分化、TNM分期为III+IV期、有淋巴结转移者β-catenin及MMP-9蛋白阳性率高于高分化、TNM分期为I+II期、无淋巴结转移者,E-cadherin蛋白阳性率低于高分化、TNM分期为I+II期、无淋巴结转移者（P<0.05）。经Log_rank检验发现,癌组织中β-catenin（-）、E-cadherin（+）、MMP-9（-）患者生存率高于β-catenin（+）、E-cadherin（-）、MMP-9（+）患者（P<0.05）。Spearman相关分析显示,食管癌患者癌组织中β-catenin蛋白表达与E-cadherin蛋白表达呈负相关,与MMP-9蛋白表达呈正相关（P<0.05）,MMP-9蛋白表达与E-cadherin蛋白表达呈负相关（P<0.05）。结论：食管癌患者存在β-catenin、MMP-9异常高表达,E-cadherin异常低表达,其表达与食管癌的分化程度、TNM分期、淋巴结转移有关,检测β-catenin、MMP-9、E-cadherin的表达情况有助于预测食管癌患者生存预后。     

食管癌组织人端粒酶反转录酶、肿瘤转移相关蛋白1的表达与临床病理特征及预后的关系研究

摘要 目的： 探讨食管癌组织中人端粒酶反转录酶（hTERT）、肿瘤转移相关蛋白1（MTA1）的表达与临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法：选择2015年1月至2016年10月我院收治的食管癌患者80例,应用免疫组织化学染色法检测其癌组织和癌旁组织中hTERT、MTA1表达,分析食管癌组织中hTERT、MTA1表达与临床病理特征的关系及其表达的相关性。所有患者均随访36个月,观察不同hTERT、MTA1表达情况患者的生存情况并分析hTERT、MTA1的表达与患者预后的关系。结果：食管癌组织中hTERT、MTA1阳性率显著高于癌旁组织（P<0.05）。中低分化、TNM分期为III+IV期、有淋巴结转移者食管癌组织hTERT、MTA1阳性率分别高于高分化、TNM分期为I+II期、无淋巴结转移者（P<0.05）,不同性别、年龄、病灶最大直径者、肿瘤部位、病理类型食管癌组织hTERT、MTA1阳性率比较均无统计学差异（P>0.05）。Spearman相关分析显示,食管癌组织中hTERT表达与MTA1表达呈正相关（r=0.645,P=0.000）。随访36个月后,患者存活33例,存活率41.25%（33/80）,食管癌组织hTERT阴性、MTA1阴性患者生存率、中位生存期分别为64.29%（9/14）、23.6个月,60.87%（14/23）、24.9个月均显著优于hTERT阳性、MTA1阳性患者的36.36%（24/66）、19.2个月,33.33%（19/57）、18.5个月（P<0.05）。结论：食管癌组织中存在hTERT、MTA1异常高表达,其水平与食管癌的组织分化程度、TNM分期、淋巴结转移相关,且其表达情况与食管癌患者预后有密切关系。     

结直肠癌组织AGR2、MFAP2蛋白表达与临床病理特征和预后的关系研究

摘要 目的：研究结直肠癌（CRC）组织前梯度蛋白2（AGR2）、微纤维相关蛋白2（MFAP2）蛋白表达与临床病理特征和预后的关系。方法：将我院从2015年1月～2016年2月收治的84例CRC患者纳入研究。分别采集所有患者的CRC组织以及癌旁正常组织（距离肿瘤边缘2~5 cm）,检测并比较不同组织中AGR2、MFAP2蛋白表达情况。分析AGR2、MFAP2蛋白表达与CRC患者临床病理特征以及预后的关系。采用Cox回归模型分析CRC患者预后的影响因素。结果：CRC组织中AGR2、MFAP2蛋白阳性表达率均高于癌旁正常组织（P＜0.05）。分化程度为低分化、TNM分期为Ⅲ期及脉管浸润的CRC患者的AGR2、MFAP2蛋白阳性表达率均高于分化程度为中高分化、TNM分期为Ⅰ～Ⅱ期、无脉管浸润的CRC患者（P＜0.05）。AGR2、MFAP2蛋白阳性表达患者的3年生存率及5年生存率均明显低于阴性表达患者（P＜0.05）。经Cox回归模型分析发现：分化程度为低分化、TNM分期为Ⅲ期、脉管浸润以及AGR2、MFAP2蛋白阳性表达均是CRC患者死亡的危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论：CRC组织中AGR2、MFAP2蛋白阳性表达率升高,且和患者分化程度、TNM分期、脉管浸润有关,检测其表达情况有助于预测CRC患者预后。     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Monovalent Cation Permeation through the Connexin40 Gap Junction Channel : Cs,Rb, K,Na, Li,TEA, TMA,TBA, and Effects of Anions Br,Cl, F,Acetate, Aspartate,Glutamate, and NO3

The unitary conductances and permeability sequences of the rat connexin40 (rCx40) gap junction channels to seven monovalent cations and anions were studied in rCx40-transfected neuroblastoma 2A (N2A) cell pairs using the dual whole cell recording technique. Chloride salt cation substitutions (115 mM principal salt) resulted in the following junctional maximal single channel current-voltage relationship slope conductances (γ_j in pS): CsCl (153), RbCl (148), KCl (142), NaCl (115), LiCl (86), TMACl (71), TEACl (63). Reversible block of the rCx40 channel was observed with TBA. Potassium anion salt γ_j are: Kglutamate (160), Kacetate (160), Kaspartate (158), KNO₃ (157), KF (148), KCl (142), and KBr (132). Ion selectivity was verified by measuring reversal potentials for current in rCx40 gap junction channels with asymmetric salt solutions in the two electrodes and using the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation to calculate relative permeabilities. The permeabilities relative to Li⁺ are: Cs⁺ (1.38), Rb⁺ (1.32), K⁺ (1.31), Na⁺ (1.16), TMA⁺ (0.53), TEA⁺ (0.45), TBA⁺ (0.03), Cl⁻ (0.19), glutamate⁻ (0.04), and NO₃− (0.14), assuming that the monovalent anions permeate the channel by forming ion pairs with permeant monovalent cations within the pore thereby causing proportionate decreases in the channel conductance. This hypothesis can account for why the predicted increasing conductances with increasing ion mobilities in an essentially aqueous channel were not observed for anions in the rCx40 channel. The rCx40 effective channel radius is estimated to be 6.6 Å from a theoretical fit of the relationship of relative permeability and cation radius.     

Relations of the Al,B, Ba,Br, Ca,Cl, Cu,Fe, K,Li, Mg,Mn, Na,P, S,Si, Sr,and Zn mass fractions to morphometric parameters in pediatric and nonhyperplastic young adult prostate glands

The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid.     

The Effect of Age and Gender on Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr, V, and Zn Contents in Rib Bone of Healthy Humans

The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.     

Potential Compounds for Oral Cancer Treatment: Resveratrol,Nimbolide, Lovastatin,Bortezomib, Vorinostat,Berberine, Pterostilbene,Deguelin, Andrographolide,and Colchicine

Oral cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in South-Asian countries. There are very limited treatment options available for oral cancer. Research endeavors focused on discovery and development of novel therapies for oral cancer, is necessary to control the ever rising oral cancer related mortalities. We mined the large pool of compounds from the publicly available compound databases, to identify potential therapeutic compounds for oral cancer. Over 84 million compounds were screened for the possible anti-cancer activity by custom build SVM classifier. The molecular targets of the predicted anti-cancer compounds were mined from reliable sources like experimental bioassays studies associated with the compound, and from protein-compound interaction databases. Therapeutic compounds from DrugBank, and a list of natural anti-cancer compounds derived from literature mining of published studies, were used for building partial least squares regression model. The regression model thus built, was used for the estimation of oral cancer specific weights based on the molecular targets. These weights were used to compute scores for screening the predicted anti-cancer compounds for their potential to treat oral cancer. The list of potential compounds was annotated with corresponding physicochemical properties, cancer specific bioactivity evidences, and literature evidences. In all, 288 compounds with the potential to treat oral cancer were identified in the current study. The majority of the compounds in this list are natural products, which are well-tolerated and have minimal side-effects compared to the synthetic counterparts. Some of the potential therapeutic compounds identified in the current study are resveratrol, nimbolide, lovastatin, bortezomib, vorinostat, berberine, pterostilbene, deguelin, andrographolide, and colchicine.