hTNFRII-Fc融合基因的克隆及在CHO细胞中的表达

构建人肿瘤坏死因子受体II胞外区（TNFRII）和人免疫球蛋白（IgG1）Fc段的融合基因真核表达载体,并在中国仓鼠卵巢细胞（CHO）中表达融合蛋白hTNFRII-Fc。用全合成重叠延伸PCR方法克隆TNFRII胞外区的基因片段,再与（IgG1）Fc段拼接起来形成hTNFRII-Fc融合基因,经HindIII、EcoRI双酶切后插入至pEE14中构建pEE14-TNFRII-Fc真核表达载体,脂质体转染至CHO细胞中进行表达及鉴定。ELISA检测到转染hTNFRII-Fc基因的CHO细胞培养上清中含有hTNFRII-Fc蛋白,SDS-PAGE与Western-blot鉴定证实其为hTNFRII-Fc蛋白,为进一步研究该融合蛋白在CHO细胞稳定表达及应用于类风湿关节炎等自身免疫性疾病临床治疗奠定了一定的研究基础。     

人重组白细胞介素12在CHO细胞中的表达

将人白细胞介素12（interleukin 12, IL-12）两条链p35及p40全长cDNA分别亚克隆至真核表达载体pcDNA3中,构建了pcDNA3/p35a,pcDNA3/p40a,pcDNA3/p35b,pcDNA3/p40b四种真核细胞重组表达质粒,利用磷酸钙共沉淀法转染中国苍鼠卵巢(CHO)细胞. 通过对阳性克隆的筛选鉴定,获得了稳定表达人IL-12的CHO细胞株,活性最高的一株表达量为105 U/ml.此细胞株经半年的传代培养,能够稳定地分泌IL-12.结果显示：IL-12在CHO细胞中的稳定表达受到重组质粒结构、DNA整合、mRNA转录、蛋白质翻译等多因素的影响,IL-12两个亚基在CHO细胞中的共同表达是产生有生物活性IL-12的基础.     

血管内皮细胞生长因子受体Flt-1胞外区基因的克隆及其在中国仓鼠卵巢细胞中的表达

从原代培养的人脐静脉血管内皮细胞(HUVEC)提取细胞总RNA,采用逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)方法得到VEGF受体Flt-1胞外区前3个IgG样区域cDNA片段(Flt-1n3).将获得的受体基因克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1中,得到重组质粒pcDNA3.1/Flt-1n3,通过脂质体转染方法将其转入中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO),用G418筛选得到稳定表达目的蛋白的细胞克隆.经固相结合实验筛选得到表达与VEGF特异结合的目的蛋白的细胞克隆,细胞测活结果表明,表达产物具有抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)增殖的活性.鸡胚测活结果表明,CHO细胞表达的r Flt-1n3能抑制鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜的血管形成.     

抗人P185^erbB2的scFv—Fc融合蛋白的表达及免疫功能分析

为提高鼠源单抗用于体内治疗的效应功能及降低人抗鼠抗体反应 ,将编码抗人P185 erbB2 单抗轻、重链可变区 (VL、VH)融合构建的单链抗体 (scFv)基因片段与人IgG1的Fc区基因片段融合构建了scFv Fc融合基因 ,并将其克隆到哺乳动物细胞表达载体pCIDN中。用重组载体转染CHO细胞 ,通过G4 18筛选获得稳定高表达克隆。更换无血清培养基培养 ,经重组蛋白质A亲和层析柱纯化scFv Fc融合蛋白。融合蛋白质在还原SDS PAGE中表现为5 2kD的条带 ;与SK BR 3细胞裂解液共培育可特异性地沉淀出P185 erbB2 蛋白 ;FACS分析表明融合蛋白质识别P185 erbB2 蛋白的胞外段 ;ELISA测定融合蛋白质对细胞表面抗原P185 erbB2 的亲和常数为 7.5× 10 -10 (mol/L) -1。构建scFv Fc融合基因 ,将其克隆到表达载体 ,进一步稳定表达抗P185 erbB2 的scFv Fc融合蛋白 ,为进一步的体外、体内研究鼠源单抗治疗效果创造了条件。     

Vsig4 和免疫球蛋白Fc段融合蛋白的真核表达纯化

目的:本项目将通过构建中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(Chinese hamster ovary,CHO)真核表达系统获取小鼠Vsig4膜外端和免疫球蛋白Ig G3a-Fc段的融合蛋白,鉴定Vsig4-Fc和Vsig4纳米抗体的相互作用。方法:采用重合延伸PCR法融合小鼠Ig G3a-Fc和Vsig4胞外段的基因序列,将该融合基因插入真核表达载体中并转染CHO细胞。Western blotting鉴定转染细胞上清中的目标蛋白,通过连续两次亚克隆筛选,获得高表达小鼠Vsig4-Fc融合蛋白的单克隆,之后大量培养增殖转染细胞并收集细胞培养上清,选择Protein A柱纯化方法纯化Vsig4-Fc蛋白,最后经ELISA法鉴定Vsig4-Fc和纳米抗体的结合能力。结果:在CHO细胞中成功构建了小鼠Vsig4-Fc真核表达稳转系,并且在真核表达体系中获得可表达15 mg/L的双分子结构Vsig4-Fc的稳定转染细胞系。经鉴定小鼠Vsig4-Fc融合蛋白能与Vsig4纳米抗体结合。结论:重合延伸PCR法使得Vsig4和Fc基因片段的融合更为高效,两次亚克隆筛选优势细胞系大幅提高了真核蛋白的表达量,为进一步研究Vsig4的生物学功能奠定重要基础。     

重组人可溶性TIM-3稳转细胞株的构建及其分泌蛋白的表达

该研究通过慢病毒感染的方式构建携带T淋巴细胞免疫球蛋白黏蛋白分子3及可结晶区域[T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 and fragment of crystallizable,TIM-3(Fc)]目的基因的稳定转染细胞株并检测TIM-3(Fc)分泌蛋白的表达。设计特异性引物PCR扩增TIM-3(Fc)片段,重组插入慢病毒表达载体pCD513中并鉴定阳性克隆,无内毒素提取质粒pCD513-TIM-3(Fc)、pSPAX2和pMD2.G共转染293T细胞包装慢病毒,再利用慢病毒感染悬浮HEK293细胞,最后通过嘌呤霉素筛选得到稳定转染细胞株293/TIM-3。再通过实时荧光定量PCR(quantitative real-time PCR,qRT-PCR)和蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot,WB)检测TIM-3(Fc)目的基因在转录和翻译水平上的表达,用时间分辨免疫荧光技术(TRFIA)检测细胞产生TIM-3(Fc)分泌蛋白的能力。成功构建了pCD513-TIM-3(Fc)慢病毒表达载体,qRT-PCR、WB和TRFIA检测表明,293/TIM-3细胞株成功表达了TIM-3(Fc)分泌蛋白。成功构建了重组人可溶性TIM-3稳定转染细胞株293/TIM-3并成功表达了TIM-3(Fc)分泌蛋白,为进一步研究可溶性TIM-3蛋白的生物学功能提供基础。     

hK-Fc融合蛋白的改良、表达及其生物活性的分析

为了延长人激肽释放酶(hK)的血清半衰期,提高分泌蛋白的产率,制备了重组激肽释放酶-IgG1 Fc融合蛋白(hK'-Fc)。采用PCR扩增hK基因和IgG1的Fc序列,用鼠源信号肽序列替换hK基因原有的信号肽序列,构建改良型融合蛋白hK'-Fc以及天然型融合蛋白hK-Fc的表达载体,转染中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO)细胞,筛选稳定分泌融合蛋白的细胞株,通过Western blotting鉴定信号肽改造效果,利用Protein A+G亲合层析柱纯化融合蛋白,酶学实验检测融合蛋白的体外活性。结果表明:成功构建了pcDNA-hK'-Fc以及pcDNA-hK-Fc重组表达载体;获得了稳定表达融合蛋白的细胞株,产量达11mg/L以上;信号肽改造后融合蛋白的分泌效率提高约5～10倍;融合蛋白能水解其特异性的底物S-2266,具有生物学活性。本研究为进一步探讨融合蛋白的体内半衰期打下了坚实基础,也为研制治疗脑梗塞疗效更好的第二代hK蛋白和其他药用蛋白的改良提供新的线索。     

尘螨变应原Der f1 真核表达载体的构建及转染CHO 细胞

目的:构建尘螨变应原Der f1真核表达载体,转染真核细胞并进行蛋白表达.方法:根据Genebank中Der f1基因的核酸序列(AB034946),设计引物,采用PCR法,从保存的JM109工程菌中扩增Der f1编码基因,克隆到真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1/myc-hisA上,以脂质体法转染CHO细胞,经G418筛选,进行稳定表达细胞株的筛选和鉴定.结果:将目的基因Der f1成功连接到pcDNA3.1/myc-hisA-Derf1并转染CHO细胞,获得稳定表达的CHO细胞株.结论:成功构建了尘螨变应原Der f1真核表达载体,并转染CHO细胞表达蛋白质.     

尘螨变应原Derf1真核表达载体的构建及转染CHO细胞

目的：构建尘螨变应原Der f1真核表达载体,转染真核细胞并进行蛋白表达。方法：根据Genebank中Der f1基因的核酸序列（AB034946）,设计引物,采用PCR法,从保存的JM109工程菌中扩增Der f1编码基因,克隆到真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1/myc-his A上,以脂质体法转染CHO细胞,经G418筛选,进行稳定表达细胞株的筛选和鉴定。结果：将目的基因Der f1成功连接到pcDNA3.1/myc-hisA-Derf1并转染CHO细胞,获得稳定表达的CHO细胞株。结论：成功构建了尘螨变应原Der f1真核表达载体,并转染CHO细胞表达蛋白质。     

TurboFect介导骨形态发生蛋白2 转染CHO 细胞的研究

目的:构建真核表达载体p IRES-EGFP-BMP-2,通过Turbo Fect转染得到表达BMP-2蛋白的CHO细胞系。方法:利用逆转录PCR方法扩增获得人的BMP-2基因c DNA,克隆入p MD18-T载体,经PCR、酶切和基因测序分析等方法鉴定重组质粒;将BMP-2连入p IRES-EGFP真核表达载体中,经限制性酶切和PCR扩增鉴定重组质粒。以壳聚糖和Turbo Fect分别作为基因载体转染CHO细胞,荧光显微镜检测分析转染结果;G418筛选富集转染阳性细胞。结果:成功的克隆得到了BMP-2基因,酶切鉴定成功构建了p IRES-EGFP-BMP-2质粒。与壳聚糖组相比,Turbo Fect用量为1:1时,细胞阳性率为(31.92±1.31)%,高于壳聚糖的细胞阳性率(6.33±1.53)%。目的基因与Turbo Fect比例为1:2时转染效率为(42.90±1.10)%高于1:1的(28.59±2.38)%和1:3的(37.52±2.14)%。细胞密度调节到5×103 cells/cm2阳性细胞率可达到(44.43±3.23)%。荧光检测可见荧光阳性细胞得到稳定传代。Western Blot检测可见BMP-2蛋白表达。结论:Turbo Fect成功的介导了p IRES-EGFP-BMP-2载体转染CHO细胞,建立了稳定表达BMP-2和EGFP的CHO细胞株。     

DCs sensitized with mPD-L1-Ig fusion protein improve the effect of heart transplantation in mice by promoting the generation of T-reg cells

Purpose

To detect the effects of DCs sensitized by mPD-L1-Ig fusion protein in heart transplantation in mice as well as its mechanisms.

Method

The mPD-L1-IgG1 construct was used to build a yeast expression system, and the fusion protein was expressed by secretion after the transfection of the GS115 yeast strain, purified by affinity chromatography and ion exchange chromatography, and assayed by SDS–PAGE and Western blot. The ability of the fusion protein to bind to the acceptor PD-1 was tested by ELISA, and the ability of the fusion protein to inhibit the function of T cells was tested by mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR).

Results

We used the new PD-L1-IgG1 fusion protein to sensitize imDCs and maintained the immature state of DCs, so as to induce stable and effective immune tolerance to heart transplantation. After the treatment of DCs by mPD-L1-Ig in vitro, the levels of CD80, CD40 and I-Ab expression on DCs are relatively weaker, the ability of DCs to stimulates the proliferation of allogeneic spleen T cells was significantly decreased (P < 0.01), and the levels of Th1 (IL-2, IFN-γ) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-10) secreted by induced allogeneic T cells were significantly decreased (P < 0.01). An in vivo experiment also revealed that DCs sensitized by mPD-L1-IgG1 could prolong the survival time of a transplanted heart to 17.8 ± 1.12 days, and alleviate the pathological change of the cardiac allografts compared with other three groups.

Conclusion

DCs sensitized by the yeast-expressed mPD-L1-Ig fusion protein are shown to alleviate the cardiac allograft rejection in mice.     

A murine interleukin-4-Ig fusion protein regulates the expression of Th1- and Th2-specific cytokines in the pancreas of NOD mice.

Interleukin (IL)-4 is a key cytokine in T-helper type 2 (Th2) immune response. We have constructed a dimeric IL-4 molecule consisting of the murine IL-4 and the murine Fc part of IgG2a. We first tested the biological activity of the chimeric protein by in vitro studies using isolated murine spleen cells. IL-4-Ig was found to downregulate LPS-induced IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha production. The immunomodulatory potential of the fusion protein was also analyzed in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, an animal model for human type 1 diabetes. Female NOD mice aged 10 weeks were treated once with cyclophosphamide to accelerate and synchronize the progression of insulitis. Treatment with IL-4-Ig induced strong modulation of the pancreatic cytokine balance. Expression was downregulated for both Th1-specific cytokine IFN-gamma and the Th2-specific cytokine IL-10. IL-12p40 expression was only slightly affected. Interestingly, infiltration increased in the islets of IL-4-Ig-treated animals, and therefore did not correlate with the decreased IFN-gamma expression. Hence, IL-4-Ig did not prevent the progression from peri- to intra-insulitis, but suppressed inflammatory cytokine production. In most experiments, the biological activity of IL-4-Ig and IL-4 was comparable. We conclude that treatment with the chimeric protein IL-4-Ig effectively downregulates Th1 responses but simultaneously augments intra-islet infiltration.     

Alternative Immunomodulatory Strategies for Xenotransplantation: CD80/CD86-CTLA4 Pathway-Modified Immature Dendritic Cells Promote Xenograft Survival

Background

Xenotransplantation is a promising approach to circumventing the current organ shortage. However, T-cell-dependent anti-xenoresponses are a major challenge to successful xenografts. Given the advantages of the use of CTLA4-Ig in the survival of allografts, the purpose of the study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of CTLA4-IgG4 modified immature dendritic cells (imDCs) in the prevention of islets xenograft rejection.

Methods

CTLA4-IgG4 was constructed by the fusion of the extracellular regions of porcine CTLA4 to human the hIgG4 Fc region. The imDCs were induced and cultured from porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The CTLA4-IgG4 modified imDCs were delivered via the portal vein to the liver of diabetic mice (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) before islet xenografting, and mCTLA4-Ig was administered intravenously after xenotransplantation.

Results

The xenograft survival of mice receiving unmodified imDCs was approximately 30 days. However, following administration of CTLA4-IgG4 modified imDCs before grafting and mCTLA4-Ig after grafting, xenografts survived for more than 100 days. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the CD4⁺CD25⁺Foxp3⁺ Treg population was increased in spleens. The efficacy of donor CTLA4-IgG4 modified imDCs correlated partially with the amplification of Tregs.

Conclusions

These results confirm that selective inhibition of the direct and indirect pathways of T-cell activation by donor CTLA4-IgG4 modified imDCs and receptor CTLA4-Ig is a highly effective strategy to promote survival of xenografts.     

Isolation, characterization, and expression of cDNA clones encoding the mouse Fc receptor for IgE (Fc epsilon RII)1

We have isolated cDNA clones encoding a mouse low affinity receptor for IgE (Fc epsilon RII) from a cDNA library of BALB/c splenic B cells activated with LPS and IL-4. The 2.2-kb cDNA clone encodes a 331 amino acid membrane glycoprotein that is homologous to human Fc epsilon RII (CD23) and a family of carbohydrate-binding proteins. COS7 cells transfected with the cDNA clones expressed a 45,000 m.w. protein that bound IgE and the anti-Fc epsilon RII mAb, B3B4. Fc epsilon RII mRNA was up-regulated in mouse B cells by culture with IL-4, but not in B cells cultured with IgE. Fc epsilon RII mRNA was detected in IgM+/IgD+ B cell lines, but not in pre-B cell lines or in B cell lines which have undergone differentiation to secrete Ig. The monocyte line P388D1, mast cell lines MC/9 and PT18, and peritoneal macrophages stimulated with IL-4 lacked detectable Fc epsilon RII mRNA, as did Thy-1.2+, CD4+, and CD8+ normal T cells and Thy-1.2+ T cells from Nippostrongylus brasiliensis-infected mice.     

rhEPO-L-Fc融合蛋白的表达、生物活性和初步药动学分析

为了延长人促红细胞生成素(hEPO)体内半衰期以达到更好的药效,制备通过柔性接头相连接的重组人红细胞生成素-IgG1 Fc融合蛋白(rhEPO-L-Fc),并对其生物学活性和体内药动学进行初步研究.利用PCR技术构建rhEPO-L-Fc融合基因,克隆至表达载体pOptiVEC-TOPO ,在二氢叶酸还原酶缺陷型中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO-dhfr-)表达.Protein A亲合层析柱纯化融合蛋白,SDS-PAGE、质谱、Western blotting鉴定表达产物,细胞增殖实验检测融合蛋白的体外活性,动物实验检测融合蛋白的体内活性和半衰期.成功构建pOptiVEC-TOPO -rhEPO-L-Fc重组子,实现了在CHO细胞表达,纯化后的rhEPO-L-Fc融合蛋白经鉴定,其分子量和特异性均与理论值相符,能刺激体外培养的EPO依赖型细胞生长,ED50为2 ng/mL,且明显增加大鼠外周血网织红细胞数,体内消除半衰期达到27 h.rhEPO-L-Fc融合蛋白能延长hEPO体内半衰期,为其临床研究奠定了基础.     

Profiling highly conserved microrna expression in recombinant IgG‐producing and parental Chinese hamster ovary cells

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in global gene regulation. Researchers in recombinant protein production have proposed miRNAs as biomarkers and cell engineering targets. However, miRNA expression remains understudied in Chinese Hamster Ovary cells, one of the most commonly used host cell systems for therapeutic protein production. To profile highly conserved miRNA expression, we used the miRCURY? miRNA array for screening miRNAs in CHO cells. The selection criteria for further miRNA profiling included positive hybridization signals and experimentally validated predicted regulatory targets. On the basis of screening, we selected 16 miRNAs for quantitative RT‐PCR profiling. We profiled miR expression in parental CHO DG44 and CHO K1 cell lines as well as four recombinant DG44‐derived CHO lines producing a recombinant human IgG. We observed that miR‐221 and miR‐222 were significantly downregulated in all IgG‐producing cell lines when compared with parental DG44, whereas miR‐125b was significantly downregulated in one IgG‐producing line. In another IgG‐producing line, miR‐19a was significantly upregulated. miRNA expression was also profiled in two of these lines that were amplified by stepwise increase of methotrexate. In both amplified cell lines, let‐7b and miR‐221 were significantly downregulated. In parental CHO K1, let‐7b, miR‐15b, and miR‐17 were significantly downregulated when compared with DG44. The results reported here are the first steps toward profiling highly conserved miRNAs and studying the clonal difference in miRNA expression in CHO cells and may shed light on using miRNAs in cell engineering. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2011     

Immune suppression in cynomolgus monkeys by XPro9523

The CTLA4-Ig fusion proteins abatacept and belatacept are clinically proven immunosuppressants used for rheumatoid arthritis and renal transplant, respectively. Given that both biologics are typically administered chronically by infusion, a need exists for a next-generation CTLA4-Ig with more convenient dosing. We used structure-based protein engineering to optimize the affinity of existing CTLA4-Ig therapeutics for the ligands CD80 and CD86, and for the neonatal Fc receptor, FcRn. From a rationally designed library, we identified four substitutions that enhanced binding to human CD80 and CD86. Coupled with two IgG1 Fc substitutions that enhanced binding to human FcRn, these changes comprise the novel CTLA4-Ig fusion protein, XPro9523. Compared with abatacept, XPro9523 demonstrated 5.9-fold, 23-fold, and 12-fold increased binding to CD80, CD86, and FcRn, respectively; compared with belatacept, CD80, CD86, and FcRn binding increased 1.5-fold, 7.7-fold, and 11-fold, respectively. XPro9523 and belatacept suppressed human T cell proliferation and IL-2 production more potently than abatacept. XPro9523 also suppressed inflammation in the mouse collagen-induced arthritis model. In cynomolgus monkeys, XPro9523 saturated CD80 and CD86 more effectively than abatacept and belatacept, potently inhibited IgM and IgG immunization responses, and demonstrated longer half-life. Pharmacokinetic modeling of its increased potency and persistence suggests that, in humans, XPro9523 may demonstrate superior efficacy and dosing convenience compared with abatacept and belatacept.     

Construction of BAC-based physical map and analysis of chromosome rearrangement in Chinese hamster ovary cell lines

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells have frequently been used in biotechnology for many years as a mammalian host cell platform for cloning and expressing genes of interest. A detailed physical chromosomal map of the CHO DG44 cell line was constructed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) imaging using randomly selected 303 BAC clones as hybridization probes (BAC-FISH). The two longest chromosomes were completely paired chromosomes; other chromosomes were partly deleted or rearranged. The end sequences of 624 BAC clones, including 287 mapped BAC clones, were analyzed and 1,119 informative BAC end sequences were obtained. Among 303 mapped BAC clones, 185 clones were used for BAC-FISH analysis of CHO K1 chromosomes and 94 clones for primary Chinese hamster lung cells. Based on this constructed physical map and end sequences, the chromosome rearrangements between CHO DG44, CHO K1, and primary Chinese hamster cells were investigated. Among 20 CHO chromosomes, eight were conserved without large rearrangement in CHO DG44, CHO K1, and primary Chinese hamster cells. This result suggested that these chromosomes were stable and essential in CHO cells and supposedly conserved in other CHO cell lines.     

人GLP -1- IgG Fc融合蛋白在毕赤酵母中的高效表达

目的:构建GLP-1-IgG Fc融合蛋白分子并在毕赤酵母中实现高效表达.方法:使用蛋白质工程技术改造GLP -1,去除其蛋白酶降解位点,然后利用重叠延伸PCR方法得到改造后的GLP -1与人IgG-Fc片断的嵌合体基因并将其插入pPIC9K载体中.以重组载体转化巴斯德毕赤酵母菌中进行表达.采用SDS-PAGE和Western Blot方法检测重组蛋白的表达.结果:成功的构建了GLP -1-IgG Fc嵌合体基因并使其在重组毕赤酵母中高效分泌表达.在25℃条件下,摇瓶培养添加0.5％甲醇诱导72h后融合蛋白的表达量最大,为5mg/L.SDS-PAGE和Westem-Blot结果表明表达产物为GLP -1-IgG Fc融合蛋白.结论:获得了高效表达GLP -1-IgG Fc融合蛋白的毕赤酵母菌株,为GLP -1-IgG Fc的活性和半衰期测定及下一步的开发奠定了基础,并为在毕赤酵母菌中表达其他Fc融合蛋白和抗体提供了参考.