三种检测方法对样品中沙门氏菌的检测结果比较

本实验采用VIDAS、API 20E和SN 0170-92三种不同的检测方法对CNCA举行的食品中常见致病菌能力验证计划中提供的一份盲样进行检验,总结对比了3种不同检验方法对沙门氏菌检测的各自优缺点.     

不同方法检测鸡胴体中沙门菌结果的比较研究

对鸡胴体淋洗液样品进行沙门菌检测,样品经过前增菌和选择性增菌后,分别采用4种不同的方法进行检测,即普通PCR方法、实时荧光PCR方法、免疫学方法(VIDAS)和传统的微生物检验方法。共检测了56份样品,普通PCR检出阳性样品34份,实时荧光PCR阳性样品36份,VIDAS阳性样品28份;PCR和实时荧光定量PCR均无假阳性和假阴性结果。结果显示该3种检测方法均可以用于鸡胴体中沙门菌的快速检测。     

N末端脑钠肽前体检测主流方法学定价研究

根据原卫生部、国家中医药管理局、国家发展和改革委员会联合下发的《2012版全国医疗服务价格项目规范》的要求,实验室诊断项目要按照不同级别医院使用的主流检验方法进行参考定价。通过对目前检测N末端脑钠肽前体的几种主要检测方法进行比较,发现了在实验室检测项目中采取主流方法学定价的利弊,为政府确定主流方法和科学定价提供参考。     

环凯食(饮)具大肠菌群检验纸片检测能力测试研究

研究以营养琼脂培养基的计数结果为基准,采用幅度卫生部食检所监制的两种不同厂家生产的食（饮）具大肠菌群检验纸片作为对照,对环凯食（饮）具大肠菌群检验纸片进行了检测能力测试研究,在测试中采用10cells/mL,50cells/mL和100cells/mL3个不同菌液浓度,环凯纸片的检测结果和营养琼脂平板计数结果基本一致。与其它两种纸片的检测结果无明显差异。完全可以用于食（饮）具大肠菌群的监督检验。     

环凯食(饮)具大肠菌群检验纸片检测能力测试研究*

研究以营养琼脂培养基的计数结果为基准,采用由卫生部食检所监制的两种不同厂家生产的食(饮)具大肠菌群检验纸片作为对照,对环凯食(饮)具大肠菌群检验纸片进行了检测能力测试研究。在测试中采用1Ocells/mL,50cells/mL和1OOcells/mL3个不同菌液浓度,环凯纸片的检测结果和营养琼脂平板计数结果基本一致,与其它两种纸片的检测结果无明显差异,完全可以用于食(饮)具大肠菌群的监督检验。     

HPV16/18假病毒中和抗体检测方法的验证

目的应用假病毒中和法建立检测血清HPV16/18中和抗体滴度检测方法并进行验证。方法分别采用不同批次假病毒以及不同代次细胞对不同滴度的HPV16/18阳性血清进行多次平行检测,考察这些因素对检验结果的影响;同时通过对抗HPV16/18双价阳性血清、抗HPV16单价阳性血清和抗HPV18单价阳性血清的检测进一步评估中和抗体检测法的准确性、特异性及重复性。结果不同批次假病毒和不同代次细胞对检验结果的影响均在4倍范围内,此外该检测法的准确性、特异性、重复性均在可接受标准范围之内。结论建立的假病毒法可满足中和抗体效价检测的要求,可用于评价疫苗的免疫效果。     

肺结核早期诊断中不同检验方法的应用分析

目的探讨肺结核早期诊断中不同检验方法的临床应用价值。方法对我院2016年4月~2017年9月收治的肺结核早期患者51例为观察组,同时选取51例非肺结核患者作为对照组,分别对两组患者实施涂片结核菌检测、皮肤结核菌素纯蛋白衍化物(PPD)及聚合酶链反应(PCR)等3种检验方法,对比分析3种检验方法在肺结核早期诊断中的临床应用价值。结果3种检验方法中,观察组的阳性率均显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。PCR检测结核菌阳性率为72.55%,显著高于涂片结核菌检测、PPD检测的50.98%、21.57%,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论肺结核早期诊断中,3种检验方法临床效果均显著,相比于涂片结核菌检测及PPD检验、PCR检验灵敏度更高,值得临床推广使用。     

双探针显色原位杂交技术在乳腺癌HER2基因检测中的应用

目的:通过双探针显色原位杂交技术检测乳腺癌HER2基因的状态,评估双探针显色原位杂交技术的临床应用价值。方法:选取存档蜡块82例,分别用免疫组化及双探针显色原位杂交两种方法对Her-2基因及蛋白进行检测,并采用四格表卡方检验、配对卡方检验及Kappa检验作相关统计学分析。结果:两种方法检测结果不存在显著性差异(P0.05);就两种方法检测结果的一致性分析而言,两种方法所得出的检测结果存在较好的一致性(P0.05)。结论:双探针显色原位杂交技术检测乳腺癌HER2基因扩增结果与免疫组化检测HER2蛋白过表达结果高度相似,可作为检测HER2基因状态的有效方法。     

贝类中不同种类病原生物的快速检测方法

为适应进口鲜活贝类的快速检验需求,有必要建立快速检测多种病原生物的方法.针对进口鲜活水产品中常见的细菌、病毒和原生动物等不同种类的病原生物,设计了退火温度相近的特异PCR引物,建立了能够同时定性检测不同种类病原生物的方法.在此基础上,针对不同病原生物设计了特异的荧光引物,建立了检测贝类中不同病原生物的荧光定量PCR体系,并进行了特异性与重复性试验.与传统的检测方法相比较,该方法检测贝类中的病原生物更为快速准确,结果直观,可以满足口岸进口水产品快速检测的需要.     

应用被动免疫溶血试验快速检测大肠杆菌不耐热肠毒素

本文介绍了被动免疫溶血试验检测埃希氏大肠杆菌不耐热肠毒素的方法;比较了四种不同培养基以及抗CT血清和抗LT血清对测定结果的影响。经对236株人源和24株猪源毒素源性大肠杆菌的测定结果表明,该方法与固相放射免疫分析、LT基因探针等方法的测定结果基本相符。说明被动溶血试验是一种快速、敏感和特异的检测方法,不仅可用于流行病学调查,在临床检验上也是一种可行手段。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

The mechanism of hatching of eggs of Haemonchus contortus

Fluid collected from hatching eggs of Haemonchus contortus contained a lipase which hydrolysed 2-naphthyl laurate (about 0·7 μmol naphthol freed /h/10⁶ eggs). The fluid also hydrolysed l-leucinamide (about 2·3 μmol leucine freed/h/10⁶ eggs). The fluid when added to normal or heated eggs caused ‘hatching’. ‘Hatching’ also occurred in exsheathing fluid from infective juveniles and in a preparation of pancreatic lipase containing leucine aminopeptidase. A purified mammalian leucine aminopeptidase in combination with several different lipases did not attack egg shells.The ‘spontaneous’ hatching of eggs of H. contortus was strongly inhibited by 1,10-phenanthroline, 10^?3M, and this inhibition was reversed by Zn²⁺. However, the inhibition of ‘hatching’ of eggs in externally applied hatching fluid, or the hydrolysis of leucinamide in hatching fluid was generally less marked.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.