长期尾部悬吊大鼠冠脉血流量的变化

采用放射性生物微球技术观察了经受４０和１２０ｄ尾部悬吊模拟失重大鼠冠脉血流量及冠脉阻力的变化。４０及１２０ｄ悬吊大鼠冠脉血流量分别较其相应对照组减少２５％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和２２％（Ｐ＜０．０５）;而４０ｄ组和１２０ｄ组的冠脉阻力与其相应配对对照组相比分别升高３７％（Ｐ＜０．０５）和３１％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。此外,悬吊４０ｄ与悬吊１２０ｄ组大鼠左心室重量分别较其配对的对照组大鼠要减轻９％（Ｐ＜０．０５）及５％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果表明,长期模拟失重大鼠心脏可能处于低动力状态,从而使心肌的代谢活动减弱并可能发生萎缩。     

长期尾部悬吊大鼠冠脉血统量的变化

采用放射性生物微球技术观察了经受４０和１２０ｄ尾部悬吊模拟失重大鼠冠脉血流量及冠脉阻力的变化。４０及１２０ｄ悬吊大鼠冠脉血流量分别较期相应对照组减少２５％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和２２％（Ｐ＜０．０５）;而４０ｄ组和１２０ｄ组的冠脉阻力与其相应配对对照组相比分别升高３７％（Ｐ＜０．０５）和３１％（Ｐ＜０．０５）及５％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果表明,长期模拟失重大鼠心脏可能处于低动力状态,从而使心肌的代谢活动减     

血液流变学对椎──基底动脉缺血性眩晕的影响

本文采用天津和德国西门子合资产ＴＭ—８８０３型旋转式血液流变仪测定了６４例椎──基底动脉缺血性眩晕血液流变学五项指标。结果表明：椎—基底动脉缺血性眩晕的患者全血粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞沉降率、红细胞压积、红细胞聚集指数均明显增高（与健康对照组比较Ｐ＜０．００１,其中血浆粘度、红细胞聚集指数Ｐ＜０．０１）,提示血液流变学改变与缺血性眩晕关系密切,作为治疗缺血性眩晕提供了依据。     

用无血清培养基在填充床生物反应生产rHuEPO

在填充床生物反应器用含５％ＦＢＳ的ＤＭＥＭ：Ｆ１２培养基培养产重组人促红细胞生成素（ｒＨｕＥＰＯ）的细胞Ｃ２８￣１０ｄ后,使用自制的无血清生产培养基（ＳＦＭ－ｐ）生产ｒＨｕＥＰＯ。ＳＦＭ－ｐ培养基既能维持细胞生长,又能生产ＥＰＯ,也便于纯化分离ｒＨｕＥＰＯ。使用填充床生物反应器培养细胞,能维持培养２０￣２５ｄ,ｒＨｕＥＰＯ表达水平达１２￣２８．４ｍｇ／Ｌ之间,反应器的产率达到７１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ／ｄ,     

PIC-BE诱导K562/ADM细胞凋亡及逆转其MDR的研究

β榄香烯吗素（ＰＩＣ－ＢＥ）是抗癌新药β榄香烯的水溶性衍生物．采用人红白血病的多药耐药性（ＭＤＲ）细胞株Ｋ５６２／ＡＤＭ作为实验模型,观察ＰＩＣ－ＢＥ对Ｋ５６２／ＡＤＭ细胞的生长抑制和凋亡诱导作用,并进而研究其对该细胞ＭＤＲ的可能影响．结果显示：（１）Ｋ５６２／ＡＤＭ细胞对ＡＤＭ具有明显的抗性,与Ｋ５６２细胞相比,抗性倍数约为４０倍,而两者对ＰＩＣ－ＢＥ的ＩＣ５０接近,无显著差异;（２）ＰＩＣ－ＢＥ（１０．０～３０．０μｇ／ｍｌ）对Ｋ５６２／ＡＤＭ细胞具有明显的生长抑制和凋亡诱导作用,两种作用的强度在一定的范围内均具药物浓度和作用时间依赖性;（３）低毒剂量ＰＩＣ－ＢＥ（１０．０μｇ／ｍｌ）与ＡＤＭ（４．０μｇ／ｍｌ）联合应用,可显著增强ＡＤＭ对该细胞的生长抑制和凋亡诱导作用,升高细胞内ＡＤＭ的浓度,降低该细胞对ＡＤＭ的ＩＣ５０,使该细胞对ＡＤＭ的抗性有数倍逆转．上述结果提示,ＰＩＣ－ＢＥ不仅是一种有效的广谱抗肿瘤剂,而且也是一种有效的ＭＤＲ逆转剂     

DBA/2小鼠生长和繁殖的研究

ＤＢＡ／２小鼠最长妊娠期为２４ｄ,最短妊娠期为１９ｄ,平均妊娠期为２０．９ｄ。平均窝产仔数为４．３只,与昆明小鼠平均窝产仔数６．４只比较,差异高度显著（Ｐ＜０．００１）。２４～３６日龄段为生长最迅速时期,成熟日龄为６０ｄ,９０日龄为适配期。１～１０８日龄与平均体重的相关系数为０．９７７,呈强正相关,相关系数ｔ测验的结果为（Ｐ＜０．００１）,显示日龄增长与体重变化之间相关高度显著。     

急性低氧对大鼠血粘度,红细胞变形能力和左心室功能的影响

健康ＳＤ雄性大鼠,体重２５０—３００ｇ,麻醉、气管插管,用人工呼吸机经气袋供气,自发吸入氧浓度为９％的氧氮混合气,用ＳＭＵＰ－ＰＣ生物信号处理系统处理左心室功能。结果：（１）急性低氧经动脉血气分析可见ＰａＯ２下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）,ｐＨ值升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）,ＰａＣＯ２稍下降（Ｐ＞０．０５）,左心室功能各指标如ＬＶＰ,ＨＲ,Ｖｍｐ,±ｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ,Ｖｃｅ４０,Ｖｍａｘ,Ｌ０、等均下降;血液流变学指标如全血粘度（高、低切值及其还原值）升高,红细胞滤过指数（ＩＦ）升高;复氧后上述各指标恢复正常。（２）静脉注射心得安（０．５ｍｇ／Ｋｇ）后,使急性低氧诱发的左心室功能各指标更加明显下降,而血液流变学各值不再明显上升;静脉注射酚妥拉明（３ｍｇ／Ｋｇ）后,使急性低氧诱发的血液流变学各值上升不明显。（３）石炭酸破坏双侧颈动脉窦区后也可致低氧诱发的左心室功能各指标进一步下降,而血液流变学指标也不再明显上升。结果提示：急性低氧可引起左心室功能下降和全血粘度升高,红细胞变形能力降低,复氧后可恢复;交感神经活动及颈动脉窦区化学感受性反射可能对抗低氧诱发的左心室功能的下降,促进血粘度的升高。     

心肌急性梗塞后心室重构早期心肌线粒体呼吸功能和电子传递组分的改变

结扎大鼠冠状动脉前降支造成急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）,观察在ＡＭＩ后心室重构早期３、７、１４ｄ心肌线粒体呼吸功能和电子传递组分的改变。结果表明：在心室重构早期,心肌线粒体呼吸Ⅳ态（Ｒ＿４）明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０２）;呼吸Ⅲ态（Ｒ＿３）、呼吸控制率（ＲＣＲ）、磷／氧比（Ｐ／Ｏ）、氧化磷酸化速率（ＯＰＲ）明显下降（Ｐ＜０．００１）;呼吸链电子传递组分显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示：ＡＭＩ后心室重构早期心肌线粒体呼吸和氧化磷酸化功能明显受损,是ＡＭＩ后慢性心力衰竭的重要原因。     

高原适应过程中大鼠脑内β－内啡肽含量变化的研究

选用成年雄性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠,由平原（海拔５ｍ,上海）直接运送到高原（２２６１ｍ,西宁和３４６０ｍ,天峻）。以放射免疫分折法研究了大鼠在高原２４ｈ．急性缺氧期和３０ｄ慢性缺氧期中枢脑内β－内啡肽样免疫活性物质（β－ＥＰ）的含量变化。结果表明：１．大鼠在两个不同海拔（２２６１ｍ,３４６０ｍ）环境２４ｈ急性缺氧期与平原对照组相比,脑垂体内β－ＥＰ含量降低非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）,纹状体、丘脑、下丘脑、桥－延脑、海马内β－ＥＰ含量均增加非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。２．大鼠在３４６０ｍ高原３０ｄ慢性习服期,垂体及各脑区内β－ＥＰ的含量变化呈时相性：即１—３ｄ均呈进行性增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）：３－１５ｄ呈持续性减少,除中脑、纹状体、丘脑外,均为Ｐ＜０．０１。１５－３０ｄ垂体、丘脑、皮层、纹状体内β－ＥＰ含量仍持续减少（毒体、皮层Ｐ＜０．０１）,桥－延脑、下丘脑、海马趋于回升（Ｐ＜０．０１）,中脑亦趋于回升（Ｐ＞０．０５）。脑内β－ＥＰ的这种变化可能具有十分重要的生物学意义。     

半胱胺对大鼠泌乳量及血液,组织几种激素含量的影响

选用４０只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ泌乳大鼠进行配对实验。哺乳期第８天起,实验母鼠灌服半胱胺（ｃｙｓｔｅａｍｉｎｅ,ＣＳ）８０ｍｇ／ｋｇＢ．Ｗ,每隔５天一次,直至哺乳第３０天。实验中记录泌乳量、仔鼠体重及采食量,并用放免法测定血液及组织生长抑素（ＳＳ）、生长激素（ＧＨ）、催乳素（ＰＲＬ）的含量。结果表明,ＣＳ使母鼠哺乳期第１０、１５、２０天的泌乳量明显提高（Ｐ＜０．０５）,第２５天泌乳量有所增加（Ｐ＞０．０５）,第３０天差异不明显;母鼠哺乳期采食量略有增加（Ｐ＞０．０５）,料／奶比明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）;哺乳期第１５天的血液、下丘脑和大脑皮层ＳＳ含量明显下降,血液ＧＨ含量显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）,但第２５天无明显变化;母鼠哺乳期血液ＰＲＬ含量明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示,ＣＳ能促进大鼠泌乳,而抑制体内ＳＳ,提高内源性ＧＨ水平,可能为ＣＳ的主要作用机制。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。     

The mechanism of hatching of eggs of Haemonchus contortus

Fluid collected from hatching eggs of Haemonchus contortus contained a lipase which hydrolysed 2-naphthyl laurate (about 0·7 μmol naphthol freed /h/10⁶ eggs). The fluid also hydrolysed l-leucinamide (about 2·3 μmol leucine freed/h/10⁶ eggs). The fluid when added to normal or heated eggs caused ‘hatching’. ‘Hatching’ also occurred in exsheathing fluid from infective juveniles and in a preparation of pancreatic lipase containing leucine aminopeptidase. A purified mammalian leucine aminopeptidase in combination with several different lipases did not attack egg shells.The ‘spontaneous’ hatching of eggs of H. contortus was strongly inhibited by 1,10-phenanthroline, 10^?3M, and this inhibition was reversed by Zn²⁺. However, the inhibition of ‘hatching’ of eggs in externally applied hatching fluid, or the hydrolysis of leucinamide in hatching fluid was generally less marked.