鱼类细胞电融合的初步研究

电融合是一种细胞生物学新技术,它的融合率高、操作简便、无毒性、可在显微镜下直接观察融合过程,是细胞杂交与基因转移的有效手段之一。近几年来,这一技术已广泛用于动物、植物、微生物细胞和原生质体的融合1～4。但是,至今未见有电场诱导鱼类细胞融合的研究报道。我们采用国产元、器件,研制出一套供试验用的电融合装置,研究了电场诱导鱼类细胞的融合效应。       

大鼠中脑腹侧被盖区在睡眠—觉醒调节中的作用

本实验在３１只清醒自由行动的雄性ＳＤ大鼠进行。结果如下：（１）以侧中脑腹侧被盖区（ＶＴＡ）微量注射３．３ｎｍｏｌ溴亭后第２－３ｈ觉醒时间显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）;６．６ｎｍｏｌ溴隐亭有类似效果;０．６６和１．３３ｎｍｏｌ溴隐亭无明显作用。（２）同样方法ＶＴＡ微量注射２ｎｍｏｌ和４ｎｍｏｌＳＣＨ２３３９０后第２－３ｈ觉醒时间明显减少（分别为Ｐ＜０．０１和Ｐ＜０．０５）,但注射３．４ｎｍｏｌ舒必利则无     

从栀子细胞培养物中分离多糖最佳工艺条件的研究

对栀子细胞培养物多糖的提取、纯化条件进行优化研究,结果表明,提取的最佳工艺是８０℃下的碱性水中浸提２ｈ,加水量为５０倍,醇析用乙醇的浓度为７０％－８０％,蛋白质去除过程中氯仿／正丁醇（Ｖ／Ｖ）,样品／氯仿－正丁醇（Ｖ／Ｖ）分别为１：０．４和１：０．２４时,效果最好。     

幼狮心电图的测定和分析

本研究采用标准双极肢导联（Ｉ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ）和加压单极肢导联（ａＶＲ,ａＶＬ,ａＶＦ）,对未经麻醉并处于清醒安静状态下的４只全同胞幼狮进行了心电图测定。结果表明,幼狮的平均心率为１５９±１次／ｍｉｎ,均为窦性心律,ＱＲＳ波平均心电轴为６８±１８°。Ｐ波,ＱＲＳ综合波及Ｔ波持续时间分别为０．０５５±０．００４ｓ,０．０６７±０．００６ｓ和０．０６９±０．０１２ｓ。Ｒ－Ｒ,Ｐ－Ｒ,Ｓ－Ｔ及Ｑ－Ｔ间期分别为０．３７８±０．００２ｓ,０．０８２±０．００６ｓ,０．０７８±０．００５８和０．２２５±０．０１７ｓ。Ｐ波的形态在Ｉ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ和ａＶＦ导联中呈正向,而在ａＶＲ及ａＶＬ导联中呈负向;ＱＲＳ综合波的波形呈现一定的规律性,在Ｉ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ及ａＶＦ导联中主要表现为Ｒ型正向波,而在ａＶＲ,ａＶＬ导联中则表现为Ｑ或Ｓ型负向波;Ｓ－Ｔ段无出现移位现象;Ｔ波在ａＶＬ导联中,没有表现出明显的规律性,而在Ｉ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ和ａＶＦ导联中,主要呈正向,在ａＶＲ和ａＶＬ导联中则往往呈负向．     

4-PA对BEL-7402细胞的生长调控和诱导凋亡作用的研究

应用ＭＴＴ、流式细胞术研究了新型肿瘤诱导分化剂４－ＰＡ对人肝癌细胞系ＢＥＬ－７４０２细胞的生长调控、诱导调亡作用。结果表明：４－ＰＡ对ＢＥＬ－７４０２细胞增殖抑制的ＩＣ５０为４－９ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ,随着作用时间的增加,ＩＣ５０增加。作用效果迅速,在０．５小时就有效地抑制了细胞增殖,抑制率随４－ＰＡ浓度的增加和作用时间的处长而增加,在达到最大抑制率后出现饱和。流式细胞仪对细胞周期和细胞调亡的分析发现：４     

电场对油葵种子苗期干旱胁迫后生长的影响

用不同电场强度处理油葵种子,在田间和实验室测定电场处理种子对苗期干旱胁迫后生长的影响。研究结果表明,种子经电场处理,可明显提高油葵生长的抗旱能力。在０．５ｋＶ／ｃｍ－６．０ｋＶ／ｃｍ场强范围内,不同电场强度对其生长的影响程序不同。与对照组相比,田间出苗率提高４．１１％￣２８．０％,根冠比提高６．６０％￣３８．７％,植株萎蔫程度降低５．０％￣９５％,产量提高３．４０％￣１７．９％,含油率提高１．０３     

真养产碱杆菌突变株65－7产羟基丁酸与羟基戊酸共聚物的研究

研究了真养产碱杆菌突变株６５－７,以葡萄糖为主原料,添加丙酸或戊酸,采用二步发酵积累共聚物聚β－羟基丁酸－β－羟基戊酸（ＰＨＢＶ）。摇瓶总发酵时间为５０ｈ,细胞干重达７－１１ｇ／Ｌ,共聚物含量占细胞干重的７０％以上,其中β－羟基戊酸（３ＨＶ）含量占ＰＨＢＶ的１０－７２％,主要取决于不同碳源的组成,丙酸和戊酸对ＨＶ的转化率分别为０．４１－０．６３ｇＨＶ／ｇ丙酸和０．４０－０．７４ｇＨＶ／ｇ戊酸,制得的ＰＨＢＶ产品纯度９９％以上,分子量６．９×１０^{５相似文献}   

福州地区庚型肝炎病毒重叠感染

为研究庚型肝炎病毒在福州地区的重叠感染,采用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测本院住院的２８６例病毒性肝炎（ＨＶ）患者和５００名供血员的抗－ＨＧＶ。结果表明,甲、乙、丙、戊型肝炎患者和供血员的抗－ＨＧＶ检出率分别为２．０％、２．２％、４．０％、１０．０％和０．２％。急性肝炎、慢性肝炎、慢性重型肝炎、肝硬化、原发性肝癌和抗－ＨＣＶ阳性供血员的检出率分别为７．９％、４．３％、３３．３％、０％、７．１％和６．３％,慢性重型肝炎检出率较慢性肝炎显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。各型肝炎患者和供血员均存在庚型肝炎病毒重叠感染,以慢性重型肝炎为著。     

番茄果实ACC合成酶的性质

测定了经４步纯化,比活性达２００００Ｕ／ｍｇ蛋白质以上的番茄果实伤诱导ＡＣＣ合成酶的一些酶学性质。酶反庆最适ｐＨ值为９．５;酶在ｐＨ８．０下最稳定,ｐＨ７．５－１０短时间处理不会使酶发生不可逆变性;酶在ｐＨ８．０和９．５的Ｋｍ值分别为２３和４０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ;根据酶反应不同时间的产物累积量,得出反应速度随时间的变化符合函数关系式Ｖｔ＝Ｖ０ｅ＾－ｋｔ,并根据此式求出酶的半寿期为１０７ｍｉｎ。     

单克隆抗体ELISA测定UVB诱导的DNA损伤

本文采用单克隆抗体酶联免疫吸附分析法测定了ＵＶ－Ｂ诱导ＤＮＡ产生的ＣＰＤ和６－４ＰＰ。经０．５ｍＷ／ｃｍ＾２ＵＶ－Ｂ处理１５ｍｉｎ的小牛胸物鲱鱼精ＤＮＡ,ＣＰＤ和６－４ＰＰ含量显著增加,而未经ＵＶ－Ｂ处理的对照ＤＮＡ则没有二聚体形成。     

INDICATIONS FOR LUMBOSACRAL FUSION

In cases in which operation is indicated, the author advocates routine fusion of the lumbosacral joint in all cases of protrusion of the 5th lumbar disc, providing the spine above that level is considered essentially normal.He would do spinal fusion in all cases—provided operation were indicated—in which the primary complaint was that of low back pain and in which sciatic pain was absent or minimal. In such cases, the fusion area should extend as far as necessary to include the portion of the spine involved in pathologic change. Only in exceptional cases would spinal fusion be done in patients more than 50 years of age.With the exceptions noted, all patients requiring reoperation should have the benefits of lumbosacral fusion.     

磷脂酶C诱导膜融合的初步研究

用光散射、电镜和荧光共振能量转移技术研究了ＰＬＣ诱导两种单一膜脂组分的模型膜即二油酸磷脂酰胆碱（ＤＯＰＣ：ｄｉｏｌｅｏｙｌｐｈａｐｈｅｔｉｄｙｌｃｈｏｌｉｎｅ）脂质体和二豆蔻酰磷脂酰胆碱（ＤＭＰＣ：ｄｉｍｙｒｉｓｔｏｙｌｐｈｏｐｈａｔｉｄｙｌｃｈｅｌｏｎｅ）脂质体膜融合的可能性。结果表明：ＰＬＣ可以引起ＤＯＰＣ脂质体的融合。在相同的条件下,未见到ＤＭＰＣ脂质体的融合。这就首次证明了ＰＬＣ诱导单一组分脂质体融合的可能性。结果还表明：ＰＬＣ诱导脂质体膜融合的可能性大小与膜脂结构有关。用大鼠血影膜、人红细胞膜、大鼠巨噬细胞膜和大花萱草花瓣原生质体膜等天然生物膜作为材料,研究了磷脂酶Ｃ（ＰＬＣ：ｐｂｏｓｐｈｏｌｉｐａｓｅＣ）诱导上述各种天然膜融合的可能性,均未观察到膜融合现象。提示ＰＬＣ不易诱导天然细胞膜的融合。     

米曲霉原生质体融合及杂合二倍体的形成

采用混合酶液处理纤维素酶高产苗株３０４２_Ｎ－２（天冬酰胺缺陷型“Ａｓｎ^－”）及蛋白酶高产菌株３０４２_Ｎ－１９（蛋氨酸缺陷型“Ｍｅｔ^－”）的营养菌丝,获得原生质体,以ＰＥＧ为助融剂进行融合处理,成功地获得了米曲霉（Ａｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｌｕｓｏｒｙｚａｅ）原生质体的营养互补融合。将异核体菌落的菌丝转接到合有０．１％樟脑的新鲜ＭＭ上,２５℃诱导培养７─１５天,挑取绿色角变菌落的孢子,将其转接到ＭＭ上能迅速生长,经孢     

酿酒酵母单倍体与双倍体原生质体的融合

本文报道用酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)原生质体融合,得到营养互补的融合子为三倍体,其生长速度、发酵速率均较亲株提高1—2倍。部分融合子酒精的产量高于亲株,同时高于目前使用的酒精发酵生产菌株。     

山莨菪碱促进心磷脂脂质体膜融合

前文曾报道,山莨菪碱能诱发心磷脂脂质体形成六角形Ⅱ结构,本文采用荧光共振能量转移技术研究了山莨菪碱对心磷脂脂体融合的影响,实验结果表明,山莨菪碱能诱发心磷脂脂质体融合并能促进由C_2~(2+)诱发的融合速率.     

酿酒酵母单倍体与双倍体原生质体的融合*

本文报道用酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)原生质体融合,得到营养互补的融合子为三倍体,其生长速度、发酵速率均较亲株提高1—2倍。部分融合子酒精的产量高于亲株,同时高于目前使用的酒精发酵生产菌株。     

THE FUSION OF SEXUAL NUCLEI

A classification scheme is proposed for the types of sexual nuclear fusion that occur in eukaryotes. The two main classes are envelope fusion and envelope vesiculation and each is further divided into subclasses. The formation of sexual nuclei (pronuclei) has been detailed in representatives from various phyla, but is best understood in animals, in which the development of male and female pronuclei differs in some respects. The only characterized cytoplasmic mediator of pronuclear movement are microtubules. Groups of eukaryotes can be classified according to the type of nuclear fusion they reveal. Envelope fusion occurs in animals whose eggs are fertilized at the pronuclear stage, and in all plants, fungi, protozoa and algae studied to date. Ultrastructural details of envelope fusion have shown variations that are classified in our scheme as direct and indirect, the latter being restricted to the plant kingdom. Envelope vesiculation only occurs in animals, in which it is the most common means of nuclear fusion. Four subclasses can be defined according to the timing of the vesiculation of the nuclear envelopes, and the extent of envelope surface projections prior to fusion. The amount of work reported on the controlling mechanisms of nuclear fusion has been limited, but some evidence of genetic control has been provided, particularly in fungi. Evidence is presented to indicate that the control of the fusion competence of nuclei is a negative one. This review of the information available on nuclear fusion points out the need for extensive future comparative studies if this important process is to be better understood.     

POSTGENITAL CARPEL FUSION IN CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS (APOCYNACEAE) IV. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE FUSION

The ontogenetic and phylogenetic significances of the postgenital carpel fusion in Catharanthus roseus were investigated experimentally. When one of the two carpel primordia was surgically destroyed prior to carpel fusion, the remaining carpel differentiated nevertheless; however, the tissue development on the adaxial (normally fused) carpel face appeared aberrant. Possible reasons for this modified ontogeny are discussed. The suggestion that syncarpy is phylogenetically significant because any pollen tube can potentially reach any ovule was verified in C. roseus by monitoring pollen tube growth following spatially controlled pollinations. The suture formed by the postgenital fusion was no barrier to pollen tube growth, and the pollen tubes rapidly became distributed throughout the stigmatic tissue.