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??????? 目的 为了消除公众与医院间的信息不对称,为构建公立医院监管体系提供基础。方法 通过文献研究法构建北京市公立医院对公众信息披露评价指标体系,之后通过专家咨询法对指标重要性和可操作性进行打分,采用相关统计方法对打分进行加权平均。结果 构建的指标体系分临床医疗信息、运营管理信息和其他信息三方面,下涉16个二级指标、57个三级指标。专家打分结果显示,三级指标中,20个指标重要性大于3分和可操作性大于2分,21个指标重要性较低,37个指标可操作性较弱。结论 临床医疗信息整体得分较高,对于财务信息、公益事业和科研教学等重要性较低的指标依情况采用其他披露途径向特定公众进行披露,对于员工满意度等可操作性较低的指标采取第三方披露的方式对公众进行披露。 相似文献
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目的
通过对民营医院与公立医院的医疗质量管理情况进行比较分析,找出2类医院存在的不足及它们之间的差别,并提出改进建议。方法 采用方差分析及Kruskal-Wallis H检验、SNK法及Games-Howell法,对民营医院、公立二级医院和公立三级医院之间的典型调查数据进行比较分析。结果 民营医院与公立二级医院相比,除2个方面单项得分无统计学差异外,其余6个方面单项得分及总得分均有统计学差异;民营医院与公立三级医院相比,8个方面单项得分及总得分均有统计学差异;公立二级医院与公立三级医院相比,只有“各医院总得分”1项有统计学差异,8个方面单项得分均无统计学差异。结论 民营和公立医院在医疗质量管理方面都存在不足,但民营医院总体上差于公立医院;民营医院管理水平参差不齐,也有部分民营医院管理较规范。应加强对医院,特别是民营医院的监管,继续完善医院监督检查制度,建立完善医疗质量管理信息公开制度。 相似文献
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目的 了解我国二、三级医疗机构医疗纠纷的发生水平、解决方式及赔偿情况,为公立医院医疗纠纷的解决和医疗责任的赔付模式的建立提供科学依据。方法 通过整群抽样选取山西、河北、福建、黑龙江、北京5个省市二、三级27所公立医院,采用统一的问卷调查方式,分别对二、三级医院2011—2013年的基本情况、医疗纠纷发生及医疗责任赔偿等进行调查分析。结果 二、三级医院百名医生医疗纠纷发生率分别为7.96和4.85,医疗纠纷非诉讼解决方式分别是92.72%和82.58%,医疗保险赔偿额分别占赔偿总额29.35%和24.41%。结论 目前我国仍处于医疗纠纷高发期, 医疗纠纷解决的主要途径是非诉讼解决方式,医疗责任的赔付主要来源是医院赔偿。 相似文献
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我国公立医院自下而上声誉测评机制探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 探索我国公立医院的声誉测评体系,最终为个人就医和宏观医疗改革提供参考。方法 从声誉理论出发,借鉴美国医院声誉评价成果,探索我国自下而上声誉评价体系。结果 我国公立医院有其特殊性,但基于不完全契约和医院治理委托代理的现实相同,声誉研究方法依旧契合。结论 基于公立医院公益性,综合医疗质量和医疗资源利用效率等构建评价体系。 相似文献
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目的 了解上海市公立医院机构开展成本核算工作的现状,提出推进全市公立医疗机构成本核算的政策建议。方法 在文献检索的基础上,针对市级公立医院机构和区属公立医疗机构分别开展专家咨询、问卷调查,并对调查结果进行统计分析。结果 市级公立医疗机构具有良好的院科两级成本核算基础,并已经采用作业成本法开展项目成本核算试点;区属公立医疗机构成本核算工作开展比例不高,核算基础较为薄弱,核算规范和标准不统一。结论 通过建立完善的成本核算体系、开展项目成本核算试点、探索社区卫生服务中心成本核算方法,从全市层面推进公立医疗机构成本核算工作。 相似文献
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?????? 目的
评估取消药品加成政策对公立医院住院医疗费用的影响。方法
对4家公立医院实施药品零加成政策
前后住院费用变化情况进行分析。结果 公立医院采取的取消药品加成和提高诊疗费的措施,已经对医疗机构的行为和医疗费用产生了影响。人均住院费用是从第二季的4 830.19元下降到第三季4 613.31元。结论 取消药品加成政策已经成为公立医院改革的一部分,它已经产生积极的影响。但药品加成政策只是医疗费用高昂的一个原因,必须采取综合措施去降低医疗费用。 相似文献
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我国县域分级医疗服务体系构建现状研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 调查分析县域地区分级医疗服务体系构建及运行现状,挖掘影响分级医疗的不利因素,提出推进对策。方法 抽样调查全国11个国家级公立医院改革试点县县域内医疗资源和服务量的布局、患者就诊流向、医药费用及医保支出等情况,采用描述性统计方法、文献分析等方法对现况进行剖析。结果 县域地区分级医疗体系基本构建,但基层医疗机构人力资源配置待优化,医疗资源利用效率、服务能力不高,医保控费效果不显著,群众就医理念待更新,基层首诊、双向转诊、分级医疗运行状况不佳。结论 实现分级医疗应从优化县域医疗服务体系结构着手,优化县域资源配置,制订双向转诊标准,提升基层医疗机构服务能力,加强健康教育,构建高效运转的县域分级医疗服务体系。 相似文献
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David J. Rapport 《人类与生态风险评估》2002,8(1):205-213
The health of ecology refers to ecosystem health—an extension of the concept of health to the ecosystem level. Health is reflected in the absence of distress syndrome, and by productivity, organization and resilience that characterize sustainability in the Earth's ecosystems. Transformation of ecosystems under stress from healthy to pathological conditions is often irreversible, even when the initial stress factors are removed. The ecology of health refers to the fact that human health is influenced by ecological conditions. The breakdown of ecosystems under stress are often conducive to an increase in human pathogens, recycling toxic substances, reduced yields and compromised food supplies, scarcity of potable water, and air pollution, all of which increases human health vulnerability. Addressing human health issues from an ecological perspective takes account of the social, ecological, and biophysical determinants. This opens the door to potential interventions “upstream”, in order to prevent illness, in addition to treating the disease once the malady has occurred. 相似文献
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James W T Chalmers David A Breen Ian H Maclean 《BMJ (Clinical research ed.)》1991,303(6815):1479-1480
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Padmaja Ayyagari Fred Ullrich Theodore K. Malmstrom Elena M. Andresen Mario Schootman J. Philip Miller Douglas K. Miller Fredric D. Wolinsky 《PloS one》2012,7(12)
Background
Self-rated health taps health holistically and dynamically blends prior health histories with current illness burdens and expectations for future health. While consistently found as an independent predictor of functional decline, sentinel health events, physician visits, hospital episodes, and mortality, much less is known about intra-individual changes in self-rated health across the life course, especially for African Americans.Materials/Methods
Data on 998 African American men and women aged 50–64 years old were taken from a probability-based community sample that was first assessed in 2000–2001 and re-assessed 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 9 years later. Using an innovative approach for including decedents in the analysis, semi-parametric group-based mixture models were used to identify person-centered group trajectories of self-rated health over time. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression analysis was then used to differentiate the characteristics of AAH participants classified into the different group trajectories.Results
Four self-rated health group trajectories were identified: persistently good health, good but declining health, persistently fair health, and fair but declining health. The main characteristics that differentiated the self-rated health trajectory groups from each other were age, education, smoking, morbidity (angina, congestive heart failure, diabetes, and kidney disease), having been hospitalized in the year prior to baseline, depressive symptoms, mobility limitations, and initial self-rated health.Conclusions
This is the first study to examine self-rated health trajectories separately among African Americans. Four qualitatively distinct self-rated health group trajectories were identified that call into question the accuracy of prior reports that a single, average self-rated health trajectory for African Americans adequately captures their within-group heterogeneity. 相似文献19.
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L. Richter 《CMAJ》1945,52(4):415-416