关节镜手术在膝关节骨性关节炎患者中的综合应用价值

目的:研究关节镜手术在膝关节骨性关节炎患者中的综合应用,为膝关节骨性关节炎的临床治疗提供依据。方法:选取50例单膝关节骨性关节炎患者,行常规关节镜手术,术后注射透明质酸钠并指导患者进行康复训练。在关节镜手术前后对患者进行LKSS评分,评定患者膝关节功能;对患膝的屈肌、伸肌力进行等速测定;在术前及术后2周测定外周血及患膝关节液IL-6、TNF-α、MMP-3表达水平。结果:与术前相比,患者术后LKSS评分及关节活动度均显著提高(P0.05),关节功能得到较好的恢复;患膝伸肌PT、STW及TAE值均得到显著提高(P0.05),屈肌PT、STW及TAE值无统计学意义;患者外周血及关节液中IL-6、TNF-α及MMP-3表达水平均显著降低(P0.05)。结论:采用关节镜手术治疗骨性关节炎可明显降低机体的炎症状态,改善关节的功能,增加患膝的伸肌力。     

大承气汤辅助治疗ARDS患者对其pH、PaO2/FiO2和氧化应激状态的影响

目的:观察大承气汤辅助治疗ARDS患者对其pH、氧合指数(PaO_2/FiO_2)及氧化应激状态的影响。方法:选择2014年8月~2016年8月于成都中医药大学临床医学院就诊的82例ARDS患者,按治疗方式的不同随机分为对照组与实验组,对照组接受常规治疗,实验组在对照组的基础上联合大承气汤治疗,两组均持续用药7天。观察两组ICU住院时间、机械通气时间、不良反应的发生情况、治疗前后pH、PaO_2/FiO_2、血气超氧化物歧化醇(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醇(MDA)水平的变化。结果:实验组ICU住院时间、机械通气时间及不良反应的发生率均显著短于或低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗前,两组pH、PaO_2/FiO_2、血清SOD、GSH-Px、MDA水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,两组pH、PaO_2/FiO_2、血清SOD、GSH-Px水平均较治疗前显著上升,且实验组PaO_2/FiO_2、血清SOD、GSH-Px水平明显高于对照组,两组血清MDA水平均较治疗前明显降低,且实验组血清MDA水平显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:大承气汤辅助治疗ARDS能够有效改善患者pH、PaO_2/FiO_2,缓解氧化应激状态,利于患者恢复。     

异丙托溴铵与布地奈德对COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者MDA,SOD,GSH-Px水平及肺功能的影响

目的:探讨异丙托溴铵联合布地奈德对慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者MDA、SOD、GSH-Px水平及肺功能的影响。方法:选取我院收治的慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者92例,分为对照组和实验组,每组各46例。对照组采用常规治疗,实验组在对照组基础上加用异丙托溴铵溶液联合布地奈德雾化吸入治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后MDA、SOD及GSH-Px水平的变化情况以及肺功能和血气指标的改善情况。结果:与治疗前比较,两组患者治疗后SOD、GSH-Px、FEV1、VC、Pa O2明显升高,而MDA、RV、TLC、Pa CO2明显降低(P0.05);与对照组比较,实验组治疗后SOD、GSH-Px、FEV1、VC、Pa O2明显升高,而MDA、RV、TLC、Pa CO2明显降低(P0.05)。结论:异丙托溴铵联合布地奈德能够改善慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者的肺功能参数、血气指标和MDA、SOD、GSH-Px水平,增强机体抗氧化功能,提高临床疗效。     

重症肺炎患者血清氧化应激指标和炎症因子的表达及其与肺部感染评分的关系

目的:探讨重症肺炎患者血清氧化应激指标和炎症因子的表达及其与肺部感染评分(CPIS)的关系。方法:选取2016年1月到2018年12月在西安市胸科医院接受治疗的重症肺炎患者120例作为观察组,另选取同期在该院接受治疗的普通肺炎患者120例作为对照组。比较两组患者血清中的炎症因子指标、氧化应激指标和CPIS评分,分析重症肺炎患者炎症因子指标、氧化应激指标与CPIS评分的相关性。结果:观察组患者血清中白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-18(IL-18)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),观察组患者血清中过氧化脂质(LPO)水平高于对照组,血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)水平低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),观察组患者的CPIS评分高于对照组(P0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示:重症肺炎患者的CPIS评分与IL-6、IL-18、TNF-α、LPO水平呈正相关(P0.05),与SOD、GSH-Px水平呈负相关(P0.05)。结论:重症肺炎患者存在明显的炎症反应和氧化应激反应,且炎症反应和氧化应激反应的程度和患者肺部感染程度密切相关。     

膝骨性关节炎患者登梯时下肢肌肉活动和膝关节负荷的分析

目的:分析膝骨性关节炎患者(KOA)登梯时下肢肌群肌电活动与关节角冲量与正常人的差异,为康复方案设计提供生物力学参考。方法:采用Qualisys三维运动分析系统以及Delsys无线表面肌电系统对招募10名符合纳排标准的膝骨性关节炎患者和10名正常人进行登梯活动的步态检测,采用下肢肌群均方根值、股内外侧肌协同收缩比值、股二头肌和股外侧肌共同活动比值和髋、膝关节在冠状面和矢状面上角冲量对比分析与两组登梯时下肢肌群收缩模式对关节负荷的影响。结果:与正常对照相比,上梯时膝骨性关节炎患者股直肌均方根值RMS(Root Mean Square)增大(P0.05),膝骨性关节炎患者股内外侧肌收缩均方根值比值(RMS(Vastus Medialis)VM/(Vastus Lateralis)VL)减小(P0.05),膝骨性关节炎患者腘绳肌与股外侧肌收缩比值(RMS(Biceps Femoris)BF/VL增大(P0.05)。下梯时,膝骨性关节炎患者股直肌均方根值(RMS)增大(P0.05),臀大肌均方根值(RMS)减小(P0.05),股内外侧肌收缩均方根比值(RMS VM/VL)减小(P0.05)。上梯时,膝骨性关节炎患者髋、膝关节冠状面上的关节角冲量大于正常人(P0.05),膝关节在矢状面上关节角冲量大于正常组(P0.05),下梯髋、膝关节冠状面、矢状面上的角冲量无统计学差异(P0.05)。KOA组VM/VL、BF/VL与膝关节在冠状面和矢状面上的角冲量的改变没有直接的相关性(P0.05)。结论:膝骨性关节炎患者在登梯活动时股直肌的收缩活动增加,股内外侧肌的协同收缩下降,主动肌与拮抗肌的共同收缩增加,膝骨性关节炎患者在面对登梯活动时下肢肌群选择性激活和高激活状态协调一致,促进关节稳定。虽然下肢神经肌肉的收缩模式和膝关节负荷之间没有直接的相关性,可能是对膝关节负荷产生影响的生物力学因素较多,神经肌肉的收缩模式只是部分影响因素,后续将增加其他生物力学因素进一步研究。     

玻璃酸钠注射液联合中药熏蒸治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的临床效果及 对患者血清TNF-α水平的影响

目的:探讨玻璃酸钠注射液联合中药熏蒸对膝关节骨性关节炎患者血清TNF-α水平的影响及其临床疗效。方法:选取我院膝关节骨性关节炎患者70例,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组35例。对照组给予玻璃酸钠注射液;实验组在对照组治疗基础上联合中药熏蒸治疗。比较治疗前后两组患者血清TNF-α、IL-1β水平及临床疗效。结果:实验组总有效率(88.57%)高于对照组(71.43%),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后血清TNF-α、IL-1β水平均降低,且实验组低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后膝关节功能评分、ROM均升高,而VAS评分均降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组比较,实验组患者治疗后膝关节功能评分、ROM较高,而VAS评分较低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:玻璃酸钠注射液联合中药熏蒸对膝关节骨性关节炎患者有较好的临床疗效,推测其机制与TNF-α、IL-1β水平降低有关。     

不同铁剂对血液透析患者贫血、炎症及氧化应激状态的影响

目的:探讨口服铁剂和静脉铁剂对维持性血液透析患者贫血、炎症及氧化应激状态的影响.方法:选择在深圳市福田区人民医院血液净化中心透析龄超过3个月的MHD患者24例,分别给予口服铁剂和静脉铁剂,进行为期8周随访,分别检测治疗前、治疗4周、治疗8周后患者的血红蛋白(hemoglobin,Hb)、红细胞比容(hematocrit,Hct)、血清铁(seruin iron,SI)、铁蛋白(serum ferritin,SF)、血清转铁蛋白饱和度(transferrinsaturation,TSAT),C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、IL-6、TNF-α以及血浆丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px).结果:(1)4周时,A组患者Hb、HCT及铁蛋白均较治疗前升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);8周时,两组Hb、HICT、铁蛋白较治疗前均升高,A组较B组相比显著升高(P＜0.05).A组TSAT较治疗前及B组均显著升高;B组治疗前后TSAT无显著改变;血清铁在A、B两组治疗后无显著改变.(2)CRP、IL-6在口服或静脉补铁期间变化均无显著性(P＞0.05),TNF-α在静脉铁刺治疗8周后较前及口服铁剂8周后相比,有显著升高(P＜0.05).(3)4周时,A组患者MDA水平较治疗前及B组均显著上升,SOD、GSH-Px水平显著低于治疗前及B组,其差异有显著性(P＜0.05);8周时恢复至治疗前水平.B组治疗过程中未发现MDA、SOD、GSH-Px水平的明显改变.结论:静脉铁剂在改善贫血及缺铁状态的效果优于口服补铁,但短期会诱导炎症及氧化应激反应的加剧.     

妊娠期糖尿病患者氧化应激水平变化及临床意义*

目的:研究GDM孕妇与正常孕妇血清MDA、SOD及GSH水平变化,探索它们与GDM之间的相互关系,追踪各组妊娠结局研究其临床意义。方法:选取175例孕妇为研究对象,分为GDM组(93例)和对照组(82例)。采用微量法测定血清丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平,并对妊娠结局进行相关性分析。结果:(1) GDM组年龄、孕前体重、BMI值均高于对照组,GSH和SOD水平均低于对照组,MDA水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);(2) GDM组MDA水平与孕前体重呈负相关(r=-0.3547,P0.05),SOD水平与新生儿出生体重呈正相关(r=0.3292,P0.05),SOD值与早产之间有密切联系(足月产12.68±0.85 vs.早产8.08±1.18, P 0.05),GSH、SOD水平与孕前体重之间,MDA、GSH水平与新生儿出生体重之间,MDA、GSH水平与早产之间均无明显相关性(P0.05),MDA、GSH和SOD水平与剖宫产及胎膜早破均无明显相关性(P0.05)。结论:GDM存在明显的氧化应激反应,GSH、MDA与SOD可以作为评估GDM氧化应激的有效标志物,其与不良妊娠结局有关。     

阴虚动风证帕金森病异动症模型大鼠的氧化应激反应及复方地黄方的干预作用

目的探讨阴虚动风证帕金森病异动症(LID)大鼠氧化应激反应及复方地黄方的干预作用。方法采用6-羟基多巴胺(6-OHDA)偏侧损毁黑质制备帕金森病大鼠模型,进一步腹腔注射左旋多巴+苄丝肼(50 mg/kg左旋多巴和12.5 mg/kg苄丝肼)制备阴虚动风证帕金森病LID大鼠模型,并随机分为LID组、复方地黄方组,另取正常对照组、假手术组大鼠。每组6只。分别在4周、6周后进行神经行为学检测后,取纹状体,应用比色法分别测定各组大鼠纹状体内SOD、MDA、GSH、GSH-Px的含量。结果阴虚动风证帕金森病LID模型组大鼠纹状体内SOD、GSH、GSH-Px的含量均明显的减少,MDA的含量呈增加的趋势;而复方地黄方组大鼠纹状体内SOD、GSH、GSH-Px的含量均呈现增加的趋势,且随治疗时间的延长增加趋势更明显,MDA的含量呈现减少的趋势,且随治疗时间的延长减少的趋势更明显。结论复方地黄方较好地改善阴虚动风证LID大鼠的氧化应激反应,复方地黄方干预LID模型大鼠可能是通过清除自由基,减轻对细胞的损伤从而缓解帕金森病LID的症状。     

盐酸氨基葡萄糖联合塞来昔布对膝关节骨性关节炎的临床疗效观察

目的:观察盐酸氨基葡萄糖联合塞来昔布治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的效果及对不同程度关节炎Lequesne评分的影响,为关节炎的临床治疗提供参考。方法:选取2012年6月至2014年3月我院收治的膝关节骨性关节炎患者60例,根据治疗方法不同,将所选患者分为观察组和对照组,每组30例。对照组患者给予盐酸氨基葡萄糖单药治疗,观察组患者给予盐酸氨基葡萄糖和塞来昔布联合治疗。观察两种治疗方案的不良反应发生率,比较两组患者治疗前后的Lequesne评分。结果:对照组患者不良反应的发生率为26.67%,观察组为23.33%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后的Lequesne评分均低于治疗前,且观察组患者Lequesne评分显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组不同程度膝关节骨性关节炎患者的Lequesne评分均显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:盐酸氨基葡萄糖联合塞来昔布治疗膝关节骨性关节炎具有良好的临床效果,应进一步推广应用。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细