新生儿溶血样本对生化检验结果的作用及优化措施

目的:分析新生儿溶血样本对生化检验结果的作用及优化措施。方法:选取我院2011年3月-2015年2月期间接受生化检验的138例新生儿作为研究对象,所有患儿均按照常规方式采集两管血液标本,并分别作为溶血标本和未溶血标本,对两组试管进行血常规检测,检测指标包括谷丙转氨酶、总胆红素、直接胆红素、尿酸、谷氨酰转肽酶、谷草转氨酶水平并进行对比。结果:检测结果显示,溶血组新生儿谷丙转氨酶、总胆红素、直接胆红素、尿酸、谷草转氨酶水平均显著低于未溶血组(P0.05),谷氨酰转肽酶水平均显著高于未溶血组(P0.05)。结论:新生儿溶血样本会对生化检验结果造成很大的影响,尤其是谷丙转氨酶、总胆红素、直接胆红素、尿酸、谷氨酰转肽酶、谷草转氨酶水平,需引起临床人员重视,在开展溶血检验过程中积极通过合理选择采血点、采血方式等优化措施,避免或减少溶血发生。     

扎龙自然保护区雌性丹顶鹤血液生化指标

2004年11月至2005年9月,采用自动生化分析仪对扎龙自然保护区10只雌性成体丹顶鹤在越冬期、繁殖期和迁徙期的20项血液生化指标（总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、直接胆红素、间接胆红素、总胆红素、血糖、尿素氮、肌酐、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、肌酸肌酶、羟丁酸脱氢酶、乳酸脱氢酶、钙离子、无机磷和镁离子）进行了分析.结果表明：除总蛋白、球蛋白和血糖外,研究区雌性丹顶鹤血液中的其他指标均在不同时期之间表现出显著（P<0.05）或极显著差异（P<0.01).说明总蛋白、球蛋白和血糖可作为雌性丹顶鹤血液生化指标的可靠参考值,其他17项血液生化指标的年变化动态体现出雌性丹顶鹤在不同生理时期的生理特征和生态适应性.如果以这17项血液生化指标作为雌性丹顶鹤血液生化指标的参考值,就必须考虑不同生理时期对其含量的影响.     

封闭群草原兔尾鼠正常血液生化指标的测定

利用雅培 (AEROSET)全自动血液生化测定仪对封闭群草原兔尾鼠 2 3项血液正常生化指标进行了测定。与昆明小鼠、BALB c nu小鼠、Wistar大鼠、人的正常值相比较 ,该种实验动物血液正常生化指标具有以下特点 :①总蛋白 (TPROT)、白蛋白 (ALB)、球蛋白 (GLOB)、总胆红素 (TBILI)、直接胆红素 (DBILI)、间接胆红素 (IBILI)、尿素氮 (UREA)、二氧化碳 (CO2 )、甘油三脂 (TG)、胆固醇 (CHOL)、钠 (Na)、氯 (Cl)、镁(Mg)、总钙 (TCA)的测定值 ,五者间无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ;②封闭群草原兔尾鼠与昆明小鼠相比 ,谷草转氨酶 (AST)、谷丙转氨酶 (ALT)、糖 (GLU)、钾 (K)、磷 (P3 + )存在显著性差异 (P <0 0 1或P <0 0 5 ) ;③封闭群草原兔尾鼠与BALB c nu小鼠相比 ,谷草转氨酶 (AST)、谷丙转氨酶 (ALT)、碱性磷酸酶 (ALP)、糖 (GLU)测定值 ,存在显著性差异 (P <0 0 1或P <0 0 5 ) ;④封闭群草原兔尾鼠与Wistar大鼠相比 ,谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、钾、糖测定值 ,存在显著性差异 (P <0 0 1或P <0 0 5 ) ;⑤封闭群草原兔尾鼠与人相比 ,谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)、肌肝 (CREAT)、尿酸 (UA)、钾 (K)存在显著性差异 (P <0 0 1或P <0 0 5 )。结果表明 :该种动物可能适合于作为研     

正常晚期妊娠妇女血生化指标分析

目的:探讨正常晚期妊娠妇女血生化指标的特点,更好地辅助临床诊断和治疗。方法:测定并比较92例正常晚期妊娠妇女和65例健康非妊娠妇女的15项血生化指标。结果:正常晚期妊娠组与健康非妊娠对照组相比,总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、α-L-岩藻糖苷酶(AFU)、总胆汁酸(TBA)共5项指标均有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),血糖(GLU)、肌酐(CR)等2项指标有显著性差异(P<0.05),而总胆红素(TBIL)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、尿素氮(BUN)、尿酸(UA)共8项指标2组间比较均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:正常晚期妊娠时,孕妇血TP、ALB、ALP、AFU、TBA、GLU及CR等7项指标的改变由妊娠适应性生理反应引起,非机体组织器官疾患所致,该7项指标已不适于以健康未妊娠妇女的正常参考值范围作为衡量标准,提示临床医护人员分析晚期妊娠妇女血生化指标时应结合多项相关指标甚至多种辅助检查结果进行,以便及时制定正确合理的诊疗策略。     

山医群体近交系中国地鼠血液生理生化指标的测定分析

目的对山医群体中国地鼠近交A、E家系主要血液生理、生化和血清电解质指标进行检测分析。方法对山医群体中国地鼠近交A、E家系成年动物进行空腹采血,常规方法测定13项血液生理、12项生化以及4项电解质指标,分别对相同性别不同家系间和同一家系不同性别间指标进行统计分析。结果相同性别A、E家系间动物血小板（PLT）、中间细胞数（MID）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、总胆固醇（TC）、总胆红素（TBiL）、肌酐（Cr）和血钾（K）差异有显著性;相同家系雌、雄动物间PLT、TBiL和尿酸（UA）差异有显著性。结论 A、E家系动物间产生了一定的血液生理、生化性状的分离。     

宁乡花猪原代和第一代血液生理生化指标比较

目的比较原代宁乡花猪与其第一代仔猪血液生理生化指标的变化。方法常规方法测定宁乡花猪F0代16头,F1代16头血液18项生理指标和13项生化指标。结果F0代与F1代部分血液生理指标如白细胞（WBC）、红细胞（RBC）、血红蛋白（HGB）、红细胞积压（HCT）等13项有显著性差异（P〈0．05）;部分血液生化指标如总胆红素（TBIL）,尿素氮（BUN）,总蛋白（TP）,白／球蛋白（ALB／GLB）,葡萄糖（GLU）,有显著性差异（P〈0．05）;其他指标均无统计学差异。结论2代宁乡花猪之间部分血液生理生化指标有显著性差异。得到的数据可以为实验动物化研究提供相应的基础生理参考数据。     

应用溶血指数探讨溶血对多个生化项目的干扰情况

目的:探讨标本溶血对生化项目检测结果的影响,并使用溶血指数对影响程度进行量化,并探讨其临床意义。方法:总蛋白(TP)、尿酸(UA)、肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、总胆红素(TBIL)均参考美国临床实验室标准化委员会(CLSI)制定的评价方案EP7-A2文件的标准程序,每个项目收集20份新鲜混合血清(TBIL<17.1μmol/L和TBIL>150μmol/L分别收集),包括参考值范围内的10份、低值和高值各5份,每份新鲜混合血清用3~4份入选血样混合成约8 mL。每份新鲜混合血清分成若干份,分别与洗涤好红细胞配制的溶血液制成5个不同浓度的溶血模型(试验组)及与之配对的无溶血模型(对照组),然后分别测定试验组、对照组及分出的1份混合血清原样的血红蛋白浓度,并在罗氏cobasC501全自动生化分析仪上测定3次所需项目和溶血指数,计算血红蛋白浓度与溶血指数之间的关系,以及溶血对TP、UA、CK、LDH、TBIL检测结果影响的大小。参考EP7-A2文件的统计方法,计算最大允许偏差对应的干扰物浓度,以每份测试混合血清的溶血指数为x轴、其对应的检测项目变化值(干扰值)为y轴绘制干扰曲线。结果:对每项目20份混合血清的660个测试、5个项目3960检测结果用假设检验统计,TP、CK、LDH、TBIL(<17.1μmol/L和>150μmol/L)的μ值分别为4.42、2.34、2.20、2.76、2.93,P值均小于0.05,说明溶血对TP、UA、CK、LDH、TBIL均存在显著干扰。通过回归分析统计出不同溶血程度的溶血指数值对应的干扰变化值的干扰剂量反应曲线。TP、CK、LDH、TBIL的干扰剂量回归方程分别为y=0.0099x-0.065、y=0.1001x-2.42、y=1.1406x-1.3303、y=1.78×10-5x2-0.011x-0.235、y=1.88×10-5x2-0.048x-4.169。从干扰剂量反应曲线可看出溶血对LDH、CK、TP检测产生正干扰,对TBIL检测产生负干扰。同时发现溶血对UA结果的干扰很不稳定,即溶血对尿酸检测结果存在正干扰及负干扰,这一结果得到相关文献印证。结论:溶血指数可作为标本是否合格的客观指标,避免主观判断的误差;利用测得的溶血指数,可从干扰剂量曲线或回归方程求出检测结果的变化值,使临床通过干扰曲线判断溶血对检测项目产生的影响,从而做出准确客观的判断。     

斑马缺硒病的血液细胞和血液生化指标测定

以某动物园中经临床观察、病理学检查、血液细胞和血液生化分析方面诊断为缺硒的4只斑马为研究对象,3只健康斑马作为对照,分析缺硒斑马血液细胞和血液生化检测值的变化,探讨斑马缺硒病的诊断方法。结果表明:缺硒病斑马的红细胞数量和血红蛋白量下降,中性粒细胞百分比上升而淋巴细胞百分比下降,血液生化指标分析显示乳酸脱氢酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、碱性磷酸酶和肌酸激酶活性升高,尿酸含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力显著下降。这一结果在斑马缺硒病的诊断中具有重要意义。     

溶血对临床生化检验结果的影响分析

目的:探讨溶血对临床生化检验结果的影响。方法:选取2012年3月间入我院进行体检的48例健康体检者作为受试对象,每名受试者抽取10ml血液样本,对样本的未溶血、一般溶血和严重溶血状态进行统一生化检查,并对所得数据进行统计分析。结果:通过比较发现,一般溶血组与为溶血组的ALT、AST、TBIL、DBIL、rGT、UA等含量有较大差异,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而BUN、Cr及GLU的含量则无明显差异,差异不具有统计学意义(P0.05);而严重溶血组于一般溶血组仅有AST及UA的含量有差异(P0.05)。结论:在临床生化检测中,溶血会对大部分检测指标产生明显影响,应注意避免其诱发因素,以使检验结果更具说服力。     

356例海岛中晚期孕妇部分肝功能指标检测结果分析及临床意义

目的了解正常海岛中晚期孕妇血清中部分肝功能指标的变化,并探讨其临床意义。方法采用Beckman Coulte LX20全自动生化分析仪对356例健康中晚期孕妇和312例健康体检非孕女性血清中的谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、总胆汁酸(TBA)、α-L岩藻糖苷酶(AFU)、亮氨酰氨基肽酶(LAP)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)七项指标进行对照检测。结果中晚期孕妇组血清中ALP、TBA、AFU、LAP四项指标检测结果显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.001),ALT、AST、GGT两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论应高度重视妊娠中晚期孕妇血清中ALP、TBA、AFU、LAP的变化,并结合临床,以指导孕期保健工作。     

Trichinella spiralis: Alterations of blood chemistry in the mouse

Alterations in host blood chemistry during mouse trichinosis were studied. Mice infected with Trichinella spiralis showed depressions in serum glucose, serum pyruvate, serum total cholesterol, serum bilirubin, serum alkaline phosphatase, serum total proteins, serum total globulin, uric acid, albumin, and A/G ratio below levels found in uninfected animals. The concentrations of serum lactic dehydrogenase, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, and serum creatine phosphokinase in infected mice were above that of uninfected mice. Hemoglobin, packed-cell volume (Hematocrit), creatinine, and calcium were at similar levels in infected and uninfected mice. These changes are discussed in terms of primary pathophysiologic lesions occurring in the gut and muscles of the trichinous host.     

Baseline blood chemistry determinations in the squirrel monkey (SAimiri sciureus).

Sera from 129 squirrel monkeys, Saimiri sciureus, were analyzed for 15 chemical constituents. The values obtained were then analyzed for statistical significance causing the following sets of variables: (1) colony-bred versus noncolony-bred, (2) karyotype (3) vendor, (4) sex and (5) dietary iodine supplementation versus nonsupplementation. Calcium, inorganic phosphorous, albumin, uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, glucose, alkaline phosphatase and potassium were high in colony-bred animals. Cholesterol, total protein and chloride were lower in colony-bred animals than in noncolony-bred animals. No differences were seen in total bilirubin, lactic dehydrogenase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and sodium. When the noncolony-bred animals were separated by karyotype, total protein was higher and chloride was lower between animals from Peru versus from Guyana. Colombian animals had total protein values lower than Peruvian and lactic dehydrogenase values higher than Peruvian. Colony-bred Peruvian monkeys had serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase values higher than colony-bred Colombian monkeys. No differences were observed between monkeys from different vendors. Chemical constituents higher between noncolony-bred males and females were calcium and alkaline phosphatase. There were no differences observed for colony-bred males and females. Dietary iodine supplementation appeared to increase both total bilirubin and calcium.     

Seasonal levels of minerals, enzymes, nutrients and metabolic products in plasma of intact and castrated adult male white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)

1. Alkaline phosphatase (AP), cholesterol, creatinine, uric acid, total protein, albumin, bilirubin, urea nitrogen, calcium, glucose, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (SGOT) were measured in the plasma of three intact and three castrated male deer. 2. A statistically significant seasonal cycle of AP, cholesterol, creatinine and uric acid was found in intact but not in castrated animals. 3. Monthly levels of total protein, albumin, urea nitrogen, bilirubin and calcium were significantly higher in castrated deer. 4. On the other hand, monthly levels of LDH and SGOT were higher in intact animals.     

Spirulina: possible pharmacological evaluation for insulin-like protein

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperaminoacidemia, and hypoinsulinemia that leads to reduction in both insulin secretion and insulin action. Several natural products have been isolated and identified to restore the complications of diabetes. Spirulina is a naturally occurring freshwater cyanobacterium, enriched with proteins and essential nutrients. Treatment of diabetic rats with crude, aqueous extract, ethanolic extract, and insulin-like protein of Spirulina successfully ameliorated diabetic complications by increasing body weight and significantly decreasing the levels of blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, serum creatinine, serum uric acid, and blood urea nitrogen (p?<?0.0001). Comparatively, the crude extract and insulin-like protein were found to be more effective than the aqueous and ethanolic extracts.     

Hematology and serum chemistry of cottontail rabbits of southern Illinois.

In 1983 and 1984 blood was collected from 79 cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus) confined to an outdoor enclosure in southern Illinois to establish reference values for hematology and serum chemistry. Packed cell volume, sodium, potassium, chloride, glucose, calcium, carbon dioxide, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, cholesterol, albumin, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate transaminase, alanine aminotransaminase, total protein, albumin/globulin ratio, and osmolality were measured. Sex and age (adult versus juvenile) of rabbit as well as season (June to September versus October to May) and method of capture (trap versus shot) variously affected most hematology and serum chemistry variables.     

Effects of chard (Beta vulgaris L. var cicla) on the liver of the diabetic rats: a morphological and biochemical study

Chard (Beta vulgaris L. var cicla) is one of the medicinal herbs used by diabetics in Turkey. It has been reported to reduce blood glucose. We have investigated the effect of chard extracts on the liver by biochemical and morphological investigation. The plant extract was administered by the gavage technique to rats at a dose of 2 g/kg every d for 28 d, 14 d after experimental animals were made diabetic. In the diabetic group, some degenerative changes were observed by light and electron microscope examination, but degenerative changes decreased or were not observed in the diabetic group given chard. In the diabetic group, blood glucose levels, serum alanine, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase activities, total lipids, sialic and uric acid levels, liver lipid peroxidation (LPO), and nonenzymatic glycosylation (NEG) levels increased, while blood glutathione, body weight, and liver glutathione (GSH) levels decreased. The diabetic group given chard, serum alanine, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase activities, total lipid level, sialic and uric acid levels, blood glucose levels, and liver LPO and NEG levels decreased, but the other values increased. As a result of all the morphological and biochemical findings obtained, it was concluded that the extract of this plant has a protective effect on the liver in diabetes mellitus.     

An integrated assessment of lead exposure in children: Correlation with biochemical and haematological indices

BackgroundLead (Pb) is a worldwide concern due to its persistent property in the environment. However, due to diminutive evidence and elusiveness, the impact of lead exposure on the biochemical and haematological parameter in school-age children is not well established.AimThis study primarily aimed to investigate blood lead (BL) in children and its association with haematological and biochemical parameter.MethodsA total of 43 children (4–12 years) were recruited in each control and study group. Furthermore, the study group were subdivided into two groups (group A (<10 μg/dl) and group B (>10 μg/dl)). BL level, haematological parameter including haemoglobin, packed cell volume, red blood cells, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, total leukocytes count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, mean corpuscular volume, red cell distribution width, eosinophil’s, platelets in the whole blood and biochemical parameter such as liver function test (total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, total protein, albumin) and kidney function test (sodium, potassium, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine) in serum were measured using anodic stripping voltammeter (ASV), Cell-Dyn Ruby Haematology analyser, Beckman coulter Unicel Dxc 800 Synchron Clinical analyser respectively.ResultsThe arithmetical mean of BL level was 19.93 ± 9.22 μg/dl (median: 17.5 μg/dl; range 9.1–37.4 μg/dl). Only 21 % children had BL levels <10 μg/dl and there were 79 % children with BL levels >10 μg/dl. Blood mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, Neutrophils, Monocytes were significantly higher between the control and study group. Additionally, haemoglobin, packed cell volume, red blood cells, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, Lymphocytes and mean corpuscular volume intensities were significantly lower in >10 μg/dl group whereas total leukocytes count, neutrophils, monocytes, red cell distribution width, eosinophil’s, platelets levels were statistically higher (p < 0.001).Serum alkaline phosphatase, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, total protein, were higher (p < 0.05) and sodium, albumin were significantly lower in the study group. The mean value of sodium, potassium, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, total protein and blood urea nitrogen, creatinine in two groups (<10 μg/dl and >10 μg/dl) was not significantly different. Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase level was significantly higher (p = 0.015) while albumin levels were significantly lower (p = 0.034) in >10 μg/dl group. A statistically significant correlation of BL levels with all haematological parameters was also observed. Creatinine is positively and albumin was negatively correlated with BL levels.ConclusionThe outcomes specify that high BL levels were significantly associated with higher haematological and biochemical indices in exposed children. However, lead like noxious metals severely affected the haematological, kidney and liver health of children.