猪脂肪组织发育过程中Wnt/β-catenin信号通路相关基因及脂肪转录因子的时序表达

为研究Wnt/b-catenin信号通路对猪脂肪组织发育的影响, 并探讨其可能的作用机制, 以1~120日龄长白猪脂肪组织为试验材料, 采用SQ RT-PCR法检测Wnt信号通路中相关基因β-catenin、GSK3β、Fz1及主要的脂肪转录因子PPARγ、C/EBPα 和分化早期标志基因LPL mRNA的表达变化; 石蜡切片免疫组化方法定性检测β-catenin在脂肪组织发育中的时序表达变化。SQ RT-PCR结果显示, β-catenin mRNA在猪出生第1天有高水平表达, 随着个体日龄的增长, 其表达量逐渐降低, 60日龄后维持在一个较低水平。GSK3β和Fz1 mRNA的表达量也伴随脂肪组织的发育而逐渐降低。而LPL、PPARγ和C/EBPα的 mRNA表达量随着个体日龄的增长而逐渐升高, 60日龄后仍保持高水平的表达。石蜡切片免疫组化结果显示, 随着脂肪组织的发育, β-catenin蛋白的表达也随之降低, 并且β-catenin蛋白的表达部位逐渐由细胞核和细胞质共表达变为只在细胞质中表达。上述基因表达的时序变化规律提示, β-catenin在维持前体脂肪细胞的未分化状态, 抑制脂肪组织发育中具有重要作用, 其作用机制可能是通过对脂肪细胞转录因子PPARγ、C/EBPα及分化早期标志基因LPL mRNA的调控来进行的。     

The retinoblastoma-histone deacetylase 3 complex inhibits PPARgamma and adipocyte differentiation

The retinoblastoma protein (RB) has previously been shown to facilitate adipocyte differentiation by inducing cell cycle arrest and enhancing the transactivation by the adipogenic CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBP). We show here that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma), a nuclear receptor pivotal for adipogenesis, promotes adipocyte differentiation more efficiently in the absence of RB. PPARgamma and RB were shown to coimmunoprecipitate, and this PPARgamma-RB complex also contains the histone deacetylase HDAC3, thereby attenuating PPARgamma's capacity to drive gene expression and adipocyte differentiation. Dissociation of the PPARgamma-RB-HDAC3 complex by RB phosphorylation or by inhibition of HDAC activity stimulates adipocyte differentiation. These observations underscore an important function of both RB and HDAC3 in fine-tuning PPARgamma activity and adipocyte differentiation.