Molecular cloning and amino acid sequencing of rat liver class theta glutathione S-transferase Yrs-Yrs inactivating reactive sulfate esters of carcinogenic arylmethanols.

A cDNA containing the entire coding sequence for the subunit protein of rat liver class theta glutathione S-transferase (GST) Yrs-Yrs was isolated from a rat liver lambda gt11 cDNA library. The cDNA, designated GST theta-1, consisted of 1,258 bp which had an open reading frame of 732 bp encoding a polypeptide of 244 amino acid (AA) residues, including the leading AA Met to be removed on expression. The authenticity of the cDNA structure was supported by matching its deduced AA sequence with N-termini of Yrs and peptides obtained thereof by tryptic digestion as well as by CNBr cleavage. The deduced AA sequence of the subunit Yrs (M.W. 27,311) had only a weak homology (19-23%) with those of rat liver classes alpha, mu, and pi GST isozymes. Thus, the first evidence for the molecular cloning of the class theta GST was provided.     

Cloning and partial characterization of a Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) glutathione S-transferase

A cDNA of glutathione S-transferase (GST) was isolated from a cDNA library of salivary glands of Boophilus microplus. The recombinant protein was purified by glutathione affinity chromatography and assayed upon the chromogenic substrate CDNB. The 864 bp cloned fragment was sequenced and showed an open reading frame coding for a protein of 220 amino acids. Expression of the GST gene was tested by RT-PCR in tick tissues and larvae mRNA. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with GSTs from other species revealed that the enzyme is closely related to the mammalian class mu GSTs.     

银杏查尔酮合成酶基因表达的时间进程

查尔酮合成酶是银杏叶黄酮合成途径中的第一个关键酶。利用RACE技术克隆到银杏的一个查尔酮合成酶基因,命名为GbCHS2,其cDNA全长1608bp,包括长1173bp的读码框,编码391个氨基酸。GbCHS2蛋白与已从银杏克隆到的GbCHS1蛋白具有很高的同源性,并包含其所有相同的活性位点。用半定量RT-PCR方法研究了银杏叶生长过程中chs基因的转录水平的变化,并对CHS活性变化和黄酮含量的变化曲线进行了线性回归分析。结果显示,在整个银杏叶生长过程中,CHS活性与黄酮含量呈极显著线性相关,表明CHS是银杏叶黄酮合成途径中的一个关键限速酶;chs基因的转录水平的变化与黄酮的积累是同步的,chs基因的这种表达模式表明chs基因的转录水平可能决定了银杏叶黄酮的积累。     

Structural analysis of a maize gene coding for glutathione-S-transferase involved in herbicide detoxification

Summary We have used the cDNA clone encoding maize glutathione-S-transferase (GST I) to isolate a genomic DNA clone containing the complete GST I gene. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the cDNA and genomic clones has yielded a complete amino acid sequence for maize GST I and provided the exon-intron map of its gene. The mRNA homologous sequences in the maize GST I gene consist of a 107 bp 5 untranslated region, a 642 bp coding region and 340 bp of the 3 untranslated region. They are divided into three exons by two introns which interrupt the coding region. The 5 untranslated spacer contains an unusual sequence of pentamer AGAGG repeated seven times. The inbred maize line (Missouri 17) contains a single gene for GST I, whereas the hybrid line (3780A) contains two genes. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the primer extended cDNA products reveals that the 5 untranslated regions of the two genes in the hybrid 3780A are identical except for a 6 bp internal deletion (or insertion). The amino acid sequence of maize GST I shares no apparent sequence homology with the published sequences of animal GST's and represents the first published sequence of a plant GST. re]19850813 ac]19851126     

Molecular cloning and characterization of alpha-class glutathione S-transferase gene from the liver of silver carp, bighead carp, and other major Chinese freshwater fishes

Two full-length cDNAs encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST) were cloned and sequenced from the hepatopancreas of planktivorous silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis). The silver carp and bighead carp GST cDNA were 920 and 978 bp in length, respectively, and both contained an open reading frame that encoding 223 amino acids. Partial GST cDNA sequences were also obtained from the liver of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), crucian carp (Carassius auratu), mud carp (Cirrhinus molitorella), and tilapia (Oreochromis nilotica). All these GSTs could be classified as alpha-class GSTs on the basis of their amino acid sequence identity with other species. The three-dimensional structure of the silver carp GST was predicted using a computer program, and was found to fit the classical two-domain GST structure. Using the genome walker method, a 875-bp 5'-flanking region of the silver carp GST gene was obtained, and several lipopolysaccharide (LPS) response elements were identified in the promoter region of the phytoplanktivorous fish GST gene, indicating that the GST gene expression of this fish might be regulated by LPS, released from the toxic blue-green algae producing microcystins. To compare the constitutive expression level of the liver GST gene among the six freshwater fishes with completely different tolerance to microcystins, beta-actin was used as control and the ratio GST/beta-actin mRNA (%) was determined as 130.7 +/- 6.6 (grass carp), 103.1 +/- 8.9 (bighead carp), 92.6 +/- 15.0 (crucian carp), 72.3 +/- 7.8 (mud carp), 58.8 +/- 11.5 (silver carp), and 33.6 +/- 13.7 (tilapia). The constitutive expression level of the liver GST gene clearly shows that all the six freshwater fishes had a negative relationship with their tolerance to microcystins: high-resistant fishes (phytoplanktivorous silver carp and tilapia) had the lowest tolerance to microcystins and the high-sensitive fish (herbivorous grass carp) had the highest tolerance to microcystins. Taken together with the reciprocal relationship of constitutive and inducible liver GST expression level in some of the tested fish species to microcystin exposure, a molecular mechanism for different microcystin detoxification abilities of the warm freshwater fishes was discussed.     

Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of a novel chalcone synthase cDNA from Ginkgo biloba.

A chalcone synthase (CHS) gene was cloned from Ginkgo biloba for the first time and it was also the first cloned gene involved in flavonoids metabolic pathway in G. biloba. The full-length cDNA of G. biloba CHS (designated as Gbchs) was 1608bp with poly(A) tailing and it contained a 1173bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 391 amino acid protein. Gbchs was found to have extensive homology with those of other plant chs genes via multiple alignments. The active sites of the CoA binding, coumaroyl pocket and cyclization pocket in CHS protein of Medicago sativa were also found in GbCHS. Molecular modeling of GbCHS indicated that the three-dimensional structure of GbCHS strongly resembled that of M. sativa (MsCHS2), implying GbCHS may have similar functions with MsCHS2. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that GbCHS had closer relationship with CHSs from gymnosperm plants than from other plants. Gbchs is a useful tool to study the regulation of flavonoids metabolism in G. biloba.     

火把梨谷胱甘肽S-转移酶基因的克隆与表达

依据火把梨编码谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)的EST序列设计基因特异引物,采用快速扩增cDNA末端技术,从云南火把梨中克隆到一个新的GST基因的全长cDNA序列。该基因被命名为PpGST(GenBank登录号为HQ889136)。PpGST全长cDNA为1 177bp,具有130bp 5′-UTR、696bp ORF以及351bp 3′-UTR,编码含231个氨基酸的蛋白质。与已知植物GSTs家族成员间的氨基酸序列聚类分析将PpGST聚为zeta类GST。RT-PCR分析显示,PpGST在火把梨光照的果皮和没有光照的果皮中大量表达,并且表达强度不受光照时间的影响,而在幼嫩叶片中没有表达。研究结果暗示在果皮中大量表达的PpGST可能参与维持火把梨果实发育过程中的氧化还原平衡及应答逆境胁迫。     

人牛精浆蛋白相关新基因的cDNA克隆、定位和表达

为了研究牛精浆 (bovineseminalplasma ,BSP)蛋白及其相关蛋白在受精及受精卵发育中的重要作用 ,寻找BSP蛋白相关新基因 .采用cDNA末端快速扩增 (RACE)技术 ,克隆了一个BSP蛋白相关基因的cDNA序列 .应用辐射杂种细胞系 (RH)技术进行了基因染色体定位 .通过RT PCR检测了该基因在人体各组织中的表达情况 .并将该基因编码的蛋白进行了原核表达 .新基因的cDNA长度为 10 5 2bp ,其开放阅读框架 (ORF)编码了一个含 2 2 3个氨基酸残基的蛋白质 ,氨基酸序列中含有 4个纤连蛋白Ⅱ结构域 ,与BSP蛋白在结构上具有一定的相似性 ,称其为人BSP相关蛋白 (humanBSP relatedproteins ,HBRP) .该基因定位于染色体 19q13,在大肠杆菌中表达为 5 2kD的融合蛋白 .研究结果提示 ,应用RACE方法克隆了一种新的人类与BSP蛋白相关的基因 ,推测其编码蛋白是与BSP蛋白功能相关的结合蛋白 ,通过基因重组技术大量获得表达蛋白 ,对进一步研究新蛋白的生物学功能具有重要的意义 .     

凡纳滨对虾MT基因序列及其在卵巢发育和低温胁迫中的表达分析

在低温处理仔虾全长cDNA文库的筛选测序中, 获得凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannmei)金属硫蛋白基因全长cDNA序列, 该序列含有425个碱基, 包含177 bp开放阅读框, 上游98 bp的非编码区及下游150 bp 的非编码区, 编码58个氨基酸, 其中半胱氨酸含量丰富, 富含金属硫蛋白典型的Cys-X(1-3)-Cys 结构。多序列比对表明, 凡纳滨对虾MT蛋白序列与美洲螯龙虾(Homarus americanus)MT蛋白序列具最高同源性72.4%。Real-time PCR结果表明, 凡纳滨对虾MT基因在卵巢组织中呈优势表达, 在不同发育期的卵巢中的表达量都很高, 在低温处理凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺组织中上调表达。实验所得结果为研究凡纳滨对虾金属硫蛋白基因在生殖发育和低温应激中的功能提供了参考。       

Expression and characterization of a novel class of glutathione S-transferase from Anopheles dirus

A new Anopheles dirus glutathione S-transferase (GST) has been obtained and named adGST4-1. Both genomic DNA and cDNA for heterologous expression were acquired. The genomic sequence was 3188bp and consisted of the GST gene as well as flanking sequence. The flanking sequence was analyzed for possible regulatory elements that would control gene expression. In Drosophila several of these elements have been shown to be involved in development and cell differentiation. The deduced amino acid sequence has low identity compared with the four alternatively spliced enzymes, adGST1-1 to 1-4, from another An. dirus GST gene adgst1AS1. The percent identities are 30--40% and 11--12% comparing adGST4-1 to insect GSTs from Delta and Sigma classes, respectively. Enzyme characterization of adGST4-1 shows it to be distinct from the other An. dirus GSTs because of low enzyme activity for customary GST substrates including 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB). However, this enzyme has a greater affinity of interaction with pyrethroids compared to the other An. dirus GSTs.     

牛Irak-1基因的电子克隆及生物信息学分析

电子克隆提供了一种利用基因组数据库克隆新基因全长cDNA序列的策略。利用小鼠Irak-1基因编码序列(NM_008363)为种子序列进行电子克隆获得了牛Irak-1基因完整编码序列。然后,用生物信息学方法分析了该基因的结构,微卫星位点,密码子偏性和氨基酸的同源性等。结果表明:该基因cDNA全长2 645bp,无内含子,最大开放阅读框2 157bp,编码718个氨基酸,与小鼠的同源性为77%。     

Cloning and functional analysis of a cDNA encoding Ginkgo biloba farnesyl diphosphate synthase

Farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPS; EC2.5.1.1/EC2. 5.1.10) catalyzes the synthesis of farnesyl diphosphate, and provides precursor for biosynthesis of sesquiterpene and isoprenoids containing more than 15 isoprene units in Ginkgo biloba. Here we report the cloning, characterization and functional analysis of a new cDNA encoding FPS from G. biloba. The full-length cDNA (designated GbFPS) had 1731 bp with an open reading frame of 1170 bp encoding a polypeptide of 390 amino acids. The deduced GbFPS was similar to other known FPSs and contained all the conserved regions of trans-prenyl chain-elongating enzymes. Structural modeling showed that GbFPS had the typical structure of FPS, the most prominent feature of which is the arrangement of 13 core helices around a large central cavity. Southern blot analysis revealed a small FPS gene family in G. biloba. Expression analysis indicated that GbFPS expression was high in roots and leaves, and low in stems. Functional complementation of GbFPS in an FPS-deficient strain confirmed that GbFPS mediates farnesyl diphosphate biosynthesis.     

球毛壳菌组蛋白H3基因克隆与特性分析

构建了球毛壳菌菌丝的cDNA文库,并获得了1410条ESTs序列,用里氏木霉(Hypocrea jecorina,AAM76068)和粗糙脉胞菌(Neurospora crassa,CAA25761)的组蛋白H3基因(Histone H3)蛋白序列对球毛壳菌(Chaetomium globosum)ESTs序列本地数据库进行tBlastn检索,获得了球毛壳菌组蛋白H3cDNA序列。cDNA序列全长739bp,开放阅读框411bp,编码136个氨基酸组成的多肽,蛋白分子量为15.4kD。BlastP同源性分析表明该基因与里氏木霉同源性最高为100%;与地钱(Marchantia polymorpha)同源性最低为95%。三级结构预测表明,该蛋白C端为球状结构域,而N端结构对其发挥调控作用起重要作用。该基因的cDNA序列及推测的氨基酸序列在GenBank登录(登录号分别为AY669068,AAT74576)。     

三角帆蚌GPX基因cDNA全序列的克隆及其编码蛋白的结构分析

根据本实验室构建的三角帆蚌cDNA文库中已标注的EST序列, 利用cDNA末端快速扩增法(RACE)克隆了三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(Glutathione peroxidase, GPX)基因cDNA全序列。序列分析表明, 该基因cDNA序列全长1286 bp, 包括5′端非翻译区(Untranslated Region) 39 bp、3′端非翻译区659 bp和开放阅读框(Open reading frame, ORF)588bp, 共编码195个氨基酸, 分子量约为22.2 kDa, 理论等电点为8.44, 属于含硒类GPX。该氨基酸序列具有GPX所有亚型中均高度保守的3个环状结构, 对酶的三级结构起稳定作用。在线分析结果表明: GPX的氨基酸序列不存在明显的疏水区, 也不存在信号肽序列。氨基酸相似性对比结果显示, 三角帆蚌GPX氨基酸序列与脊椎动物GPX-2及GPX-1的序列相似度较高, 为73.1%-80.8%, 与其他型GPX相似度较小, 相似度低于60%。构建的系统进化树显示三角帆蚌GPX与其他几种鱼类GPX聚为一类, 与其他已发表的几种软体动物GPX相距较远, 推测本实验克隆的三角帆蚌GPX基因和已发表的软体动物不属于同一种GPX类型。     

A human homologue of the yeast GST1 gene codes for a GTP-binding protein and is expressed in a proliferation-dependent manner in mammalian cells.

A human homologue (GST1-Hs) of the yeast GST1 gene that encodes a new GTP-binding protein essential for the G1-to-S phase transition of the cell cycle was cloned from the cDNA library of human KB cells. The GST1-Hs cDNA contained a 1497 bp open reading frame coding for a 499 amino acid protein with mol. wt 55,754 and with the amino acid sequence homologies of 52.3 and 37.8% to the GST1 protein and polypeptide chain elongation factor EF1 alpha respectively. The regions potentially responsible for GTP binding and GTP hydrolysis were conserved in the GST1-Hs protein as well. When expressed in yeast cell, the GST1-Hs gene could complement the ts phenotype of yeast gst1 mutant. GST1-Hs and its mouse homologue were expressed in human fibroblasts and in various mouse cell types respectively, at relatively low levels in their quiescent states, and the level of those expressions increased rapidly, prior to the onset of DNA replication and the total RNA synthesis, when human or mouse fibroblasts were progressed out of the growth-arrested state by the addition of serum. A possible role of GST1-Hs in mammalian cell growth is discussed.     

肿瘤MUC1/Y的克隆及其胞外段在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达、纯化和鉴定

为获得MUC1 Y全长cDNA及其胞外段蛋白 ,以用于进一步的生物学功能及肿瘤生物学治疗的研究 .利用RT PCR从HeLa细胞中扩增MUC1 Y全长cDNA ;PCR扩增其胞外段 ,克隆到原核表达载体pGEX 2T ,转化DH5a菌 ,诱导表达 ;亲和层析纯化 ;凝血酶酶切、GST活性及N端蛋白测序鉴定 ;免疫家兔制备多克隆抗体 .所得MUC1 YcDNA的开放读框为 759bp ,登录于GenBank(AF12 552 5) .其信号肽编码序列缺失 9bp ,第 3 3 1位发生G A转换 ,造成缬氨酸突变为蛋氨酸 .表达获得约 4 0kD融合蛋白GST Yex ,占菌体总蛋白 2 5%～ 3 0 % ,其中 70 %～ 80 %为可溶性 ,经亲和层析一步纯化 ,纯度 >90 % ,GST比活性为 0 2 1U μg .凝血酶酶切后的N端蛋白序列测定表明与已知序列完全一致 ,抗血清ELISA效价为 1∶2 50 0 0 0 .结果表明 ,克隆到发生碱基缺失和突变的MUC1 Y全长cDNA ,获得MUC1 Y胞外段蛋白及其多抗 ,可进一步用于相关研究 .     

花生白藜芦醇合酶基因的克隆与生物信息学分析

利用Protparam、iPSORT prediction、ProtScale、SOPMA、Swiss-Modeling和Scan Prosite等生物信息学工具分别对其理化性质、信号肽、疏水性、亲水性、二级结构和三级结构进行分析。以花生粤油45总DNA和总RNA为模板,采用PCR和RT-PCR技术克隆花生白藜芦醇合酶基因的DNA和cDNA序列,并利用SWISS-PROT、DNAMAN等生物信息学工具对其基因和蛋白质序列进行了分析。测序结果显示,该基因的DNA和cDNA序列长度分别为1 498 bp和1 251 bp,cDNA序列具有完整的开放性阅读框,编码389个氨基酸的多肽。该白藜芦醇合酶氨基酸368-378位点上存在芪合酶家族的特征位点GVLFGFGPGLT。同源性分析表明,其碱基序列与已报道的花生白藜芦醇合酶基因的一致性为99%,其氨基酸序列与已报道的花生白藜芦醇合酶氨基酸序列的一致性为100%。     

Cloning and characterization of a novel trypsin inhibitor (BTIomega1) gene from Fagopyrum esculentum.

Based on the amino acid information of trypsin inhibitor of buckwheat (Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench), degenerated primers were designed and a full-length cDNA sequence named BTIomega1 (Buckwheat Trypsin Inhibitor) was amplified from the leaves RNA by using RT-PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) methods. Sequence analysis shows that the 392 bp cDNA contained an open reading frame (ORF) of 216 bp, encoding 72 amino acids residues. The deduced amino acid sequence exhibits 96 and 93% homology with BWI-1 and BTI-2, a natural trypsin inhibitor from buckwheat seeds. Southern blotting suggested that three copies of BTIomega1 gene existed in the buckwheat genome. Moreover, a predicted secondary structure and 3D-structural model was constructed by homology modeling. To our knowledge, this is the first all-round report of the gene BTIomega1. The novel BTIomega1 gene has been submitted to the GeneBank under Accession No. DQ289792.     

紫杆柽柳与其它物种脂质转运蛋白基因编码蛋白的同源性比较

根据从柽柳cDNA文库克隆获得的脂质转运蛋白(LTP)的部分序列,用RACE技术克隆出其全长cDNA序列.基因的5'非翻译区96bp,3'非翻译区222bp,开放阅读框285bp,编码94个氨基酸,预计蛋白的分子量为9.9 kD,等电点为8.02.此基因有8个位置保守的Cys残基及26个氨基酸的信号肽,为典型的植物脂质转运蛋白基因.其基因序列数据库(GenBank)登录号为AY574218(基因)和AAS79106(蛋白).