绒泡菌目黏菌的ITS1-5.8S-ITS2二级结构的比较分析

为探讨核糖体DNA转录间隔区(r DNA ITS)的RNA二级结构在黏菌系统发育研究中的作用,以黏菌ITS通用引物PHYS4和PHYS5对绒泡菌目5属8种黏菌的r DNA ITS进行扩增和测序,利用RNA structure构建了ITS区的RNA二级结构模型。结果表明:ITS1在绒泡菌目黏菌中不能形成一个紧实的结构,但大部分物种都具有一段稳定的螺旋结构,可能对r RNA的成熟具有作用;5.8S r RNA的二级结构相似,由4个螺旋组成,主要为两种类型;基于5.8S r RNA和28S r RNA相互作用构建的ITS2的二级结构模型显示,它由一个封闭的多分支环和至少4个主要的螺旋组成,其中螺旋IV结构相对比较保守。由于ITS区的二级结构相比核苷酸序列更加保守,因此深入地分析其二级结构有助于认识其结构与进化的关系。     

肌动蛋白基因和β-微管蛋白基因用于真黏菌系统发育的可行性研究

真黏菌是一类独特的菌物。目前对其进行的系统发育研究主要是基于形态特征,分子水平的系统发育研究上小亚基核糖体RNA基因和蛋白质合成延长因子基因研究相对较多。为了扩充能有效地进行真黏菌系统发育研究的基因资源,探讨了肌动蛋白基因和β-微管蛋白基因用于真黏菌系统发育的可行性。共获得14个基因序列,肌动蛋白基因和β-微管蛋白基因各7个。在GenBank中除多头绒泡菌Physarum polycephalum外并无其他真黏菌的肌动蛋白基因和β-微管蛋白基因序列,研究获得的14个基因序列为真黏菌基因的新序列。系统发育分析表明,肌动蛋白基因能够有效地将无丝菌目、团毛菌目、绒泡菌目和发网菌目区分为4个分支,其中发网菌目为一个独立的进化支,支持了根据子实体发育所认识的真黏菌纲内部具有两条进化路线的观点,因此显示出肌动蛋白基因对于真黏菌系统发育研究的重要价值。     

吉林省不同地区基物黏菌湿室培养的初步研究

对采自吉林省不同地区的基物进行了黏菌的湿室培养,共获得5目7科17属42种黏菌,其中柄罐无丝菌（Licea operculata）、钉形钙皮菌（Didymium davus）和长轴绒泡菌（Physarum puniceum）为吉林省新记录种。     

淡黄绒泡菌原质团的培养及其rDNA-ITS序列分析

首次实现了黏菌淡黄绒泡菌Physarum melleum原质团的燕麦琼脂培养,并通过ITS引物完成了淡黄绒泡菌rDNA的PCR扩增及序列分析。描述了其原质团的培养方法,提供了原质团rDNA的提取方法及ITS引物的扩增条件。利用邻近结合法构建系统发育树,对淡黄绒泡菌与相关分类单元的分子系统学关系进行了初步探讨。     

长春地区黏菌区系特征

为调查长春地区黏菌资源的物种多样性,便于掌握长春地区黏菌资源情况,对长春地区的黏菌进行了为期3年的系统调查,共采集到标本2,000余份,通过形态特征鉴定为5目7科23属59种。团毛菌科、绒泡菌科和发网菌科为优势科,共计49种,占长春地区黏菌总种数的83.1%,科的数目占总科数的42.8%。团网菌属、半网菌属、团毛菌属、绒泡菌属和发网菌属为优势属,共计34种,占总种数的57.6%。从种的组成上可以划分为世界广布种（67.8%）,北温带分布种（10.17%）,东亚-北美洲间断分布种（5.08%）,温带-亚热带     

长白山黏菌区系多样性研究

对长白山地区黏菌区系进行初步研究,结果如下：含20种以上的大科有5个,分别为绒泡菌科、团毛菌科、钙皮菌科、发网菌科和筛菌科,共含195种,占总种数的92．86％;含10种以上的属有绒泡菌属、团网菌属、筛菌属、双皮菌属、团毛菌属、钙皮菌属和发网菌属,共含144种,占总数的68．57％。从物种的区系成分上看,世界分布和北温带成分占绝对优势,二者占总种数的66．66％。另外,特有成分也较多。说明长白山黏菌区系丰富多彩并具有特色。     

中国绒泡菌属黏菌的物种及分布

绒泡菌属是黏菌纲最大的一个属,通过标本的鉴定和复核以及文献考证等分类学研究,重新整理和报道了中国绒泡菌属黏菌的物种资料,计有93种,探讨了它们的分布特征和地理成分,一些种在中国的分布省区被增补。     

红松林和针阔叶混交林下黏菌物种多样性研究

为探讨不同林型下黏菌物种多样性的差异,本文在凉水国家级自然保护区内红松林和针阔叶混交林两种林分中开展调查研究,共采集黏菌样本242份,基于形态特征鉴定为4目7科17属50种黏菌,其中鲜红团网菌Arcyria insignis、网格筛菌Cribraria paucidictyon和玫瑰绒泡菌Physarum roseum等9种是黑龙江省新记录种,相对多度达16.67%。多样性分析显示,绿绒泡菌Physarum viride是凉水国家级自然保护区内的优势种,针阔叶混交林的黏菌物种多样性（H′=2.06）高于红松林（H′=1.71）;在物种组成上,两种植被类型内共有的黏菌物种为17种,物种组成的相似性（C_S）为50.75%,表明植被类型对黏菌的物种组成和多样性有着重要的影响。     

绒泡黏菌属下分类等级的新安排

为了澄清黏菌纲绒泡菌属Physarum种级分类上存在的一些混乱,以便进一步澄清该属内分类单元的系统演化关系,对绒泡菌属81个种进行了比较形态学研究。结果表明,该属可划分成5组（section）。给出了绒泡菌属分组的检索表,并明确了每组所含的物种,通过分组对绒泡黏菌属下分类等级进行了新安排。     

安徽天堂寨黏菌初报

为系统开展我国亚热带地区黏菌多样性研究,对安徽天堂寨山区的黏菌进行采集、湿室培养及分类研究。获得黏菌标本564份,鉴定为6目10科20属42种,其中,安徽省新记录种10个,包括极小无丝菌Licea minima,细柄半网菌Hemitrichia calyculata,鲜黄团毛菌Trichia lutescens,硫磺绒泡菌Physarum sulphureum,垫形双皮菌Diderma effusum,半圆双皮菌Diderma hemisphaericum,胶皮菌Colloderma oculatum,疣网发菌Comatricha reticulospora,灰褐发网菌Stemonitis pallida,小褐发网菌Stemonitis inconspicua。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.