针刺配合蜡疗治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床观察

[目的]观察针刺配合蜡疗治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效。[方法]将43例患者随机分为观察组(普通针刺配合蜡疗组)和对照组(普通针刺组),分别为23例、20例。针刺穴位均选取双侧肾俞、大肠俞、志室、秩边、委中、承山、昆仑,每日1次。观察组针刺结束后在背部实施蜡疗,每日1次。两组疗程均为14天,疗程结束及3月后随访观察其临床疗效。[结果]治疗1疗程后,观察组有效率为87.0%,复发率为13.0%,对照组分别为75.0%,35.0%,观察组疗效及随访3月疗效均优于对照组(均P0.05)。[结论]针刺配合蜡疗治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效显著,值得推广。     

点式直线偏振光穴位照射对腰椎间盘突出症状缓解的疗效观察

探讨点式直线偏振光穴位照射对腰椎间盘突出症状缓解的疗效观察。选取腰椎间盘突出症患者44例,随机分为观察组(A)与对照组(B)两组。A组行点式直线偏振光照射穴位治疗22例,B组传统针刺穴位治疗22例。在治疗前后2周、4周分别采用视觉模拟评分法VAS,腰痛评分表JOA进行疗效分析。结果表明:1)点式直线偏振光(A组)与传统针刺穴位(B组)两组治疗后VAS值和JOA值与治疗前比较有显著提高(P <0. 05),说明两组治疗方法治疗腰椎间盘突出症效果明显; 2)治疗后,两组之间对比,点式直线偏振光穴位照射与传统针刺疗效(P> 0. 05)无统计学差异。JOA治疗后总改善率评分为观察组89%,对照组86%。点式直线偏振光穴位照射对腰椎间盘突出患者缓解腰腿痛改善生活功能障碍有明显效果,其疗效与传统针刺效果相当,但弥补了传统针刺治疗的不足,扩大了适应症范围。     

经尿道前列腺电切(TURP)联合输尿管镜钬激光碎石术治疗前列腺增生症(BPH)合并膀胱结石的疗效观察

目的:观察分析经尿道前列腺电切(TURP)联合输尿管镜钬激光碎石术治疗前列腺增生症(BPH)合并膀胱结石的效果。方法:本组61例患者先行膀胱结石钬激光碎石,然后采用经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)治疗前列腺增生症。结果:61例一次性治疗成功,术后结石无残留,排尿情况较前明显改善,IPSS评分均分由24.4分降到9.4分,最大尿流率由7.2 mL/s上升到19.5 mL/s。结论:钬激光碎石及TURP同期治疗前列腺增生合并膀胱结石是安全有效的方法。     

钬激光电切术对老年高血压患者前列腺增生的疗效及安全性

目的:探讨钬激光和经尿道电切术治疗老年高血压伴前列腺增生的疗效和安全性。方法:回顾性分析2011年1月-2013年1月我科收治的48例患者的临床资料,随机分为两组,每组24例,分别采用经尿道前列腺电切术和激光切除术治疗。观察两组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、IPSS和QOL评分及血压变化情况。分别于手术前后应用经直肠超声测量患者前列腺厚度,根据球形体积公式估算前列腺重量。结果:钬激光组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间明显低于电切组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);钬激光组术后前列腺重量、IPSS评分、QOL评分及血压均低于电切组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:经尿道钬激光切除术治疗伴高血压的老年前列腺增生患者安全有效,可在临床推广。     

百乐眠胶囊联合alpha-受体阻滞剂 治疗良性前列腺增生症引起的夜尿症

目的:观察百乐眠胶囊联合α-受体阻滞剂治疗良性前列腺增生症引起的夜尿症的疗效。方法:随机选取符合良性前列腺增生症诊断,采用α-受体阻滞剂单药治疗,夜尿仍大于等于2次的患者20例,在继续服用α-受体阻滞剂治疗的基础上,加用百乐眠胶囊,每日2次,每次4粒。加用百乐眠胶囊前和用药1个月后,分别采用国际前列腺症状评分表(International Prostate Symptom Score,IPSS),生活质量指数(quality of life index,QoL),膀胱过度活动症评分表(Overactive Bladder Symptom Score,OABSS)进行评估。结果:加用百乐眠胶囊1月后,IPSS评分表中夜尿评分从2.88降至2.41(P=0.03),OABSS评分表总分从6.31降至5.38(P=0.03),夜尿评分从2.63降至2.13(P=0.01),QoL评分无显著变化。结论:百乐眠胶囊联合α-受体阻滞剂治疗良性前列腺增生症引起的夜尿症有较好的疗效。     

论体外射频对前列腺疾病的治疗作用

良性前列腺增生症(BPH)是成年男性的一种常见病。临床上采用的治疗方法很多。以药物治疗、手术治疗和物理透热法最为常见。微波和射频是近年来新兴起的物理透热法。我医疗中心从1994年4月起应用上海交通大学生产的体外射频治疗仪(ERF)对300例前列腺疾病患者进行了治疗,取得令人满意的疗效。现将体外射频对前列腺疾病的治疗作用报告如下:     

百乐眠胶囊联合α-受体阻滞剂治疗良性前列腺增生症引起的夜尿症

目的:观察百乐眠胶囊联合α-受体阻滞剂治疗良性前列腺增生症引起的夜尿症的疗效。方法:随机选取符合良性前列腺增生症诊断,采用α-受体阻滞剂单药治疗,夜尿仍大于等于2次的患者20例,在继续服用α-受体阻滞剂治疗的基础上,加用百乐眠胶囊,每日2次,每次4粒。加用百乐眠胶囊前和用药1个月后,分别采用国际前列腺症状评分表(International Prostate Symptom Score,IPSS),生活质量指数(quality of life index,QoL),膀胱过度活动症评分表(Overactive Bladder Symptom Score,OABSS)进行评估。结果:加用百乐眠胶囊1月后,IPSS评分表中夜尿评分从2.88降至2.41(P=0.03),OABSS评分表总分从6.31降至5.38(P=0.03),夜尿评分从2.63降至2.13(P=0.01),QoL评分无显著变化。结论:百乐眠胶囊联合α-受体阻滞剂治疗良性前列腺增生症引起的夜尿症有较好的疗效。     

半导体激光对人体穴位外照射及家兔血管内照射后对SOD、LPO及GSH、GSHPX的影响

活性氧等自由基对机体可以影响许多生理和病理的过程 ,并认为在诱发某些疾病的机制上起着关键作用。本工作主要以半导体激光取代氦氖激光 ,体外穴位外照射取代血管内照射 ( ILIB)以观察激光对体内SOD、LPO( MDA)、GSH及 GSH-PX的影响。实验结果提示 :半导体激光 ( 650 nm,1 0～ 1 5m W,CW)照射人体“扶突”穴位后 ,可以即刻非常显著地提高血清 SOD的活性 ( P<0 .0 0 5)。这将有效地即刻提高机体清除氧自由基的能力 ,改进当前的临床治疗方法 (血管内照射 )以及免除患者的血管损伤 ,细菌感染等等的作用 ,再加仪器更轻巧 ,故在临床应用上具有很重要的应用价值。在过氧化脂质 LPO( MDA)方面 ,虽亦见有相应减少的倾向 ,但不显著。在 GSH及 GSH-PX的抗氧化体系中 ,激光对它影响似乎不大。本工作还对家兔进行了模拟血管内照射的观察 ,在 SOD、LPO方面亦有类似倾向 ,但均未达显著性差异。可能与方法及剂量等因素有关。     

针刺足阳明胃经经穴治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床研究

摘要 目的：探讨针刺足阳明胃经经穴治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法：选取2019 年3 月至 2019 年 12月北京中医药大学东直门医院针灸科门诊收治的腰椎间盘突出症患者 60例,随机分为对照组与观察组,每组30例。对照组采用常规针刺法治疗,取肾俞、大肠俞、腰夹脊穴、阿是穴(均为双侧),观察组采用针刺足阳明胃经经穴治疗,取滑肉门、天枢、太乙、气冲、髀关、足三里、公孙、冲阳(均为双侧)。两组针刺手法均平补平泻,每次留针15分钟,每周扎2次,4次为1个疗程,共治疗3个疗程。考察临床疗效,治疗前以及全部疗程结束后对比两组患者的日本骨科协会评估治疗分数(JOA)、Oswestry功能障碍指数问卷表（ODI）评分,分别在治疗前、每次疗程结束后测评视觉模拟评分(VAS)。结果：治疗后,观察组愈显率为83.33%,对照组愈显率为60.00%,观察组愈显率高于对照组(P＜0.05),观察组JOA评分、ODI评分优于对照组(P＜0.05)。观察组第1疗程结束后的VAS评分略高于对照组,但是无统计学差异(P>0.05),第3疗程结束后的VAS评分低于对照组(P＜0.05)。结论：针刺足阳明胃经经穴治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效优于常规针刺法,尤其在改善腰椎功能、减少疼痛等方面的效果更佳。     

三棱针点刺委中穴放血治疗急性腰椎间盘突出症临床观察

目的:观察点刺委中穴放血对急性腰椎间盘突出症(lumbar inter-vertebral disc protrusion,LIDP)的临床疗效及初步机制探讨.方法:64例急性LIDP患者随机分成治疗组与对照组各32例,对照组予常规针刺治疗,治疗组在此基础上加用三棱针点刺委中穴放血,进行临床疗效评价.结果:治疗组症状及体征改善明显优于对照组,治疗后两组的坐骨神经传导速度较治疗前明显加快(P<0.05),且治疗后两组间的坐骨神经传导速度有显著性差异(P<0.05),治疗组总有效率明显高于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05).结论:常规针刺加点刺委中穴放血治疗急性LIDP均有效,其可能的机制是常规针刺加点刺委中穴组其发挥了委中穴的穴位特异性,点刺的刺激,放血的通经活络、行气活血等综合作用从而减轻坐骨神经的压迫、水肿,减轻其临床症状与体征.     

血清PSA、EGF在不同类型良性前列腺增生患者中表达意义及其与术后疾病转归的相关性分析

摘要 目的：分析血清前列腺特异抗原（PSA)、表皮生长因子（EGF)在不同类型良性前列腺增生患者中低表达意义及其与术后疾病转归的相关性。方法：选择自2020年1月至2022年12月在我院接受手术治疗的128例良性前列腺增生患者作为研究对象,根据术后病理活检结果进行分组,间质结节组（16例）、腺肌性结节组（32例）、纤维腺瘤性结节组（12例）、腺性结节组（30例）和混合结节组（38例）,其中以间质增生为主60例、以腺体增生为主68例。检测所有患者血清PSA、EGF的表达水平,以术后6个月的国际前列腺症状评分（IPSS评分）<8分判定为预后良好,分析血清PSA、EGF在预后良好组与预后不良组之间的差异性及与IPSS评分的关系。结果：血清PSA、EGF表达水平在间质结节组、腺肌性结节组、纤维腺瘤性结节组、腺性结节组和混合结节组间比较有差异（P<0.05）;以腺体增生为主的良性前列腺增生患者血清PSA、EGF表达水平均明显高于以间质增生为主的患者（P<0.05）;经ROC曲线分析,血清PSA联合EGF预测以腺体增生为主的良性前列腺增生的敏感度为86.42%,特异度为65.34%,AUC为0.930;所有患者均获得随访6个月,预后良好98例、预后不良30例;预后不良组血清PSA、EGF表达水平均明显高于预后良好组（P<0.05）;经Pearson相关性分析,良性前列腺增生患者血清PSA、EGF表达水平均与IPSS评分呈负相关（r值分别为-0.348、-0.417,P值均为0.000）。结论：血清PSA、EGF在不同病理类型良性前列腺增生患者中表达差异显著,以间质增生为主的患者,以腺体增生为主的患者血清PSA、EGF表达水平更高,两者均与术后疾病转归密切相关,值得临床予以重视。     

Role of the impairment of oxidative metabolism in pathogenesis of lower urinary tract symptoms with benign prostatic hyperplasia and their treatment by alpha1-adrenoblocker alfuzosin

The role of impairment of general oxidative and energy metabolism in pathogenesis of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and their correction by (1-adrenoblocker alfuzosin was studied. One group of patients (N = 126) was examined by standard methods for determination of the severity of LUTS by IPSS and mean effective volume of urinary bladder (MEVUB). In the second group (N = 29) in addition to functional examinations, metabolic indicators in blood were measured: antioxidant activity (AOA) and succinate dehydrogenase activity (SDA). Severity of LUTS depends greatly on the MEVUB. It was the first to show a practically complete correlation between LUTS, AOA and SDA. Severity of LUTS exactly correlates with indicators of oxidative and energy metabolism. In patients with more heavy LUTS, lowest AOA and SDA values were found. In the course of effective treatment, both phenomena developed an improvement of clinical symptoms and a rise of biochemical parameters. Close correlation between functional and metabolic phenomena is evidence of an essential role of metabolic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of LUTS with BPH. This opens perspectives to use antioxidants and energy metabolism activators for correction of UB dysfunction in patients with BPH.     

Benign prostatic hyperplasia: a highly prevalent disease in the elderly

The present review aims to provide an overview of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which has a remarkably high prevalence. The various theories of the aetiology of the disease are discussed, with special emphasis on those that concern the influence of growth factors. Questions related to the physiopathology of BPH are briefly summarized, since many symptoms apparently related to the disease may be caused by ageing or by interacting factors other than prostatism. The most common clinical manifestations, with symptoms divided into irritative and obstructive, as well as the currently available diagnostic procedures, are described. Finally, the therapeutic options are discussed, with special reference to KTP and Holmiun laser, which will drastically change treatment in the future.     

Cholesterol and benign prostate disease

The origins of benign prostatic diseases, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), are poorly understood. Patients suffering from benign prostatic symptoms report a substantially reduced quality of life, and the relationship between benign prostate conditions and prostate cancer is uncertain. Epidemiologic data for BPH and CP/CPPS are limited, however an apparent association between BPH symptoms and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been consistently reported. The prostate synthesizes and stores large amounts of cholesterol and prostate tissues may be particularly sensitive to perturbations in cholesterol metabolism. Hypercholesterolemia, a major risk factor for CVD, is also a risk factor for BPH. Animal model and clinical trial findings suggest that agents that inhibit cholesterol absorption from the intestine, such as the class of compounds known as polyene macrolides, can reduce prostate gland size and improve lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Observational studies indicate that cholesterol-lowering drugs reduce the risk of aggressive prostate cancer, while prostate cancer cell growth and survival pathways depend in part on cholesterol-sensitive biochemical mechanisms. Here we review the evidence that cholesterol metabolism plays a role in the incidence of benign prostate disease and we highlight possible therapeutic approaches based on this concept.     

经直肠B 超诊断前列腺增生的图像特征及其临床意义

目的:探讨前列腺增生(BPH)经直肠B超检查的图像特征及其对治疗的指导作用。方法:回顾性分析103例经术后病理组织学诊断确诊的BPH患者临床资料,总结其经直肠B超图像特征,并根据B超诊断结果选择适宜治疗方法。结果:经直肠B超检出BHP 98例,2例误诊,3例漏诊,诊断符合率、误诊率、漏诊率分别为95.14%、1.94%、2.91%;B超图像显示BPH病灶呈细小均匀光点,前列腺变圆、增大,内腺以低回声为主,外腺以低回声及中、低混合回声为主;包膜清晰占62.92%;98例确诊为BPH的患者当中,66例行经尿道电切术、16例在B超引导下行无水乙醇注射,16例行开放性手术。结论:直肠B超通过观察回声、内外腺前后径比例、有无包膜、分界情况等准确诊断前列腺增生,同时可通过测量前列腺重量指导临床治疗。     

绿激光水下汽化生物组织的实验及临床应用

应用自制的KTP.Nd3 :YAG绿激光治疗机进行了水下汽化离体动物组织实验并对15名前列腺增生患者和3名尿道狭窄患者进行临床治疗。结果发现水下汽化离体动物组织汽化速度快,热损伤区小。临床结果表明此方法手术时间短,不出血,导尿管时间短,只需3 d左右,未发现副作用和不良反映。经水下汽化离体生物组织和经尿道镜治疗的临床实验,可以得出以下结论:本单位研制的KTP.Nd3 :YAG绿激光治疗机经尿道镜汽化术治疗前列腺增生、尿道狭窄等泌尿科疾病疗效确切,是一种特别适用于高危患者的微创介入的治疗手段,可以作为泌尿科的一线治疗方法。     

Safety and efficacy of the potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser and photoselective vaporization of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia

The currently commercially available 80-W potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser used for photoselective vaporization of the prostate in men with lower urinary tract symptoms and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a safe and effective therapeutic alternative for a wide spectrum of prostate sizes and configurations. Efficacy data from multicenter prospective studies, comparative studies against other interventions, and single-center long-term outcomes suggest the efficacy to be at least equivalent to that of transurethral resection of the prostate, with a very good safety profile. New technological developments promise to further enhance the utility of this laser for application in BPH and urology.     

VEGF-C、FLt4和结核菌L型感染在前列腺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨血管内皮细胞生长因子-C(VEGF-C)与血管内皮细胞生长因子受体VEGFR-3(Flt4),在前列腺癌中的表达以及结核菌L型感染率及临床意义。方法应用免疫组化和原位杂交和抗酸染色等方法检测65例前列腺癌(carcinoma of prostate,PCa)和30例良性前列腺增生(benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH)中的VEGF-C、Fit4蛋白及mRNA的表达,以及结核菌L型的检出率。并对前列腺肿瘤主要临床资料和病理分级参数进行比较,用χ2检验进行统计学处理。结果VEGF-C、Flt4蛋白及mRNA阳性表达率和结核菌L型检出率,前列腺癌明显高于前列腺增生(P0.001~0.05)。VEGF-C、Flt4蛋白及mRNA阳性表达率和结核菌L型检出率与前列腺癌的临床分期、病理分级有明显差异(P0.05)。淋巴结转移组中VEGF-C、Flt4蛋白及mRNA的阳性表达率明显高于非转移组(P0.01)。结核菌L型检出率淋巴结转移组明显高于非转移组(P0.05)。结论VEGF-C、Flt4的蛋白及mRNA在前列腺肿瘤中不同程度异常表达以及结核菌L型检出率与肿瘤的临床分期、病理分级和转移呈正相关,提示这2种基因均可作为判断前列腺癌生物学行为及患者预后参考指标;结核菌L型感染可能有协同致瘤作用,与前列腺癌的发生发展可能有一定关系。因此研究VEGF-C、Flt4的阳性表达和结核菌L型感染与前列腺癌的关系,具有重要的临床应用价值。     

Temporal modulation of optical energy for enhanced photothermal hemostasis of intraoperative bleeding during laser treatment

Intraoperative bleeding during laser treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) often impedes cystoscopic vision, necessitating the use of conventional hemostatic devices. This study proposes an optical technique to improve the efficacy of photothermal hemostasis of bleeders during laser prostatectomy by temporally modulating a 532 nm laser beam. A perfused porcine kidney model is established to quantitatively investigate various optical pulse patterns and irradiation modes. Thermal simulations demonstrate a high success rate of complete hemostasis achieved by the modulated 532 nm pulse pattern. In comparison to the irradiation modes typically employed for hemostasis, the modulated 532 nm mode exhibits a short coagulation time and minimal thermal injury. ex vivo and in vivo cystoscopic observations validate the clinical feasibility of the proposed optical energy modulation method to regulate intraoperative bleeding.     

Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP): A Technical Update

Introduction  

Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) combined with mechanical morcellation represents the latest refinement of holmium:YAG surgical treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Utilizing this technique, even the largest of glands can be effectively treated with minimal morbidity. The learning curve remains an obstacle, preventing more widespread adoption of this procedure. This paper provides an outline of the HoLEP technique as is currently used at two centers in hopes of easing the initial learning curve.