连香树水提物和乙醇提取物的体外抗氧化研究

为了探究连香树水提物和乙醇提取物的主要成分和抗氧化作用,该研究采用水提和醇提两种方法提取连香树叶片中的代谢物并测定其主要成分,通过体外抗氧化实验,即清除羟自由基(·OH)、DPPH自由基(DPPH·)、超氧阴离子(O_2~-·)和还原铁离子(Fe~(3+))的能力等四个指标来评价其抗氧化作用。结果表明:连香树水提物和乙醇提取物中均含有山萘酚。此外,水提物中还含有苜蓿素和异槲皮苷等黄酮类物质;乙醇提取物中还含有柚皮素和槲皮素3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷等黄酮类物质。水提物和乙醇提取物均有清除羟自由基、DPPH自由基、超氧阴离子及还原三价铁离子的能力。抗氧化的作用随提取物浓度的增大而增强,其中清除超氧阴离子(IC50值分别为0.092、0.002 mg·mL~(-1))的能力强于阳性对照Vc(IC_(50)值为0.241 mg·mL~(-1))且铁离子还原力的IC_(50)值(水提物为0.014 mg·mL~(-1),乙醇提取物为0.001 mg·mL~(-1))相对较小,说明其总抗氧化活性较强。由此可见,连香树水提物和乙醇提取物均具有良好的抗氧化作用,可作为一种潜在的天然抗氧化剂。     

香榧假种皮提取物的体外抗氧化活性研究

测定了香榧假种皮提取物中的总酚含量,并采用DPPH自由基清除法、β-胡萝卜素漂白法、硫代巴比妥酸法等3种方法评价了香榧假种皮提取物的体外抗氧化活性。结果表明:香榧假种皮提取物中总酚含量为(76.67±2.06)mg/g。香榧假种皮提取物具有一定的抗氧化活性,且在一定浓度范围内呈剂量效应关系,但是其抗氧化活性低于BHT和抗坏血酸。DPPH自由基清除法、硫代巴比妥法、β-胡萝卜素漂白法等3种方法测定香榧假种皮提取物体外抗氧化活性的IC50值分别为1.55 mg/m L、2.02 mg/m L、0.58 mg/m L。     

凤仙花不同部位乙醇提取物多酚、黄酮含量测定及抗氧化活性研究

采用55%的乙醇分别回流提取凤仙花的茎、叶、花中的活性物质,采用比色法测定各部位的多酚及总黄酮含量,测定各提取物对DPPH、羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的清除能力和还原力等抗氧化活性指标。结果表明,凤仙花各部位的多酚(以没食子酸计)、总黄酮(以芦丁计)含量由高到低依次为凤仙花的叶、花、茎,多酚含量分别为72.81、66.07、33.07 mg/m L,总黄酮含量分别为112.13、108.06、30.62 mg/m L。各种提取物均有不同程度的抗氧化活性,且抗氧化活性与提取物浓度存在量效关系,其中叶提取物清除DPPH自由基、羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基活性以及还原力均最高,本研究为凤仙花作为低毒高效的天然抗氧化剂应用提供了依据。     

枸骨叶提取物对酪氨酸酶的抑制与抗氧化作用

本实验以枸骨叶为研究对象,经75%乙醇浸提,用极性递增的溶剂分离制备获得枸骨叶提取物,测定了枸骨叶提取物对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用,并使用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除的方法检测了枸骨叶提取物抗氧化能力。实验结果表明:枸骨叶三氯甲烷和正丁醇提取物对酪氨酸酶具有较强的抑制作用,IC50值分别达到0.414 mg/m L和0.667 mg/m L,均为混合型可逆抑制类型。同时,二者均具有一定的清除DPPH自由基的能力,IC50值分别为0.132 mg/m L和0.039 mg/m L,表明枸骨叶提取物同时具有抑制酪氨酸酶活性和抗氧化的功效,在美容、药物及食品等行业具有潜在的应用价值。     

散沫花叶总黄酮、多酚含量测定及体外抗氧化活性研究

用55%乙醇回流提取散沫花叶中的活性物质,采用比色法测定提取物中的总黄酮及多酚含量,测定了其对DPPH、羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的清除能力和还原力等抗氧化活性指标。结果表明,散沫花叶提取物中的总黄酮(以芦丁计)、多酚(以没食子酸计)含量分别为39.42 mg/g、116.20 mg/g,提取物具有一定的抗氧化活性,且抗氧化活性与提取物浓度存在量效关系,本研究为散沫花叶作为低毒高效的天然抗氧化剂应用提供了依据。     

广西壮药薏苡叶丙酮提取物的体外抗氧化活性研究

目的:探究薏苡叶丙酮提取物的抗氧化活性。方法:通过采用清除超氧阴离子自由基、清除DPPH自由基和Fe3+还原力的不同体外抗氧化模型,评价薏苡叶丙酮提取物的抗氧化活性。结果:不同的体外抗氧化模型显示薏苡叶丙酮提取物具有较强的抗氧化活性。其中当自由基清除率为5%时薏苡叶丙酮提取物的浓度(IC50)均接近0.6 mg/m L,且清除效率和浓度均有一定的正相关性;普鲁士蓝法测定也提示其对Fe3+具有较强的还原能力。结论:薏苡叶丙酮提取液具有较强的抗氧化性,且在一定范围内,其抗氧化能力与浓度呈现良好的量效关系,可为薏苡药品的临床应用和研发新型功能食品提供实验依据。     

荸荠皮多糖体外清除自由基活性的研究

采用DPPH自由基法、邻苯三酚自氧化法和水杨酸法分别表征了荸荠皮多糖清除DPPH自由基(DPPH.)、超氧阴离子自由基(O2-.)和羟基自由基(.OH)的能力。结果显示,脱蛋白和未脱蛋白荸荠皮多糖具有清除自由基的活性,但该活性明显低于茶多酚。脱蛋白多糖清除DPPH.的能力高于未脱蛋白多糖,其清除50%DPPH.的作用质量浓度(EC50)分别为50.26 mg.L-1和76.22 mg.L-1。两种多糖清除.OH和O2-.的能力相当,其EC50(g.L-1)分别为0.118和0.124以及10.87和9.53。     

三种木层孔菌子实体不同溶剂提取物抗氧化活性的研究

以抗坏血酸为阳性对照,分别对桑木层孔菌Phellinus mori、鲍姆木层孔菌Phellinus baumii和瓦宁木层孔菌Phellinus vaninii野生子实体甲醇提取物(ME)、氯仿提取物(CE)、乙酸乙酯提取物(EAE)、正丁醇提取物(BE)和热水提取物(WE)的体外清除DPPH(1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼)自由基、羟自由基和总抗氧化能力进行了检测。结果表明,3种木层孔菌的不同溶剂提取物都具有体外抗氧化活性。3种菌EAE清除DPPH自由基能力较强,其中瓦宁木层孔菌EAE清除DPPH自由基能力最强,IC50为10.65μg/mL。3种木层孔菌热水浸提物清除羟自由基的能力较强,鲍姆木层孔菌WE的清除率最高,1mg/mL时达到73.52%。另外,3种木层孔菌不同提取物总抗氧化能力和清除DPPH自由基能力基本相同,瓦宁木层孔菌BE的总抗氧化能力最强,1mg/mL时达到了167.7U/mL。3种木层孔菌相比,瓦宁木层孔菌不同提取物的体外抗氧化能力最强,其次是鲍姆木层孔菌,桑木层孔菌的体外抗氧化能力最弱。     

决明子生品及炮制品的抗氧化活性研究

采用清除二苯代苦味肼基(DPPH)自由基、清除[2,2'-连氨-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二氨盐](ABTS)自由基及铁离子还原/抗氧化能力(FRAP)测定法,以二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)为阳性对照,对决明子生品及炮制品进行抗氧化活性评价。实验结果表明,决明子生品及炮制品均有一定的抗氧化活性。酒蒸决明子乙酸乙酯部位清除DPPH自由基的能力(IC50值为93.8μg/mL)较其它提取部位强;酒炙决明子乙酸乙酯部位清除ABTS自由基(IC50值为8.1μg/mL)和还原Fe3+的能力(TEAC=319.22μmol/g)最强。不同炮制方法对决明子抗氧化活性具有不同程度的影响。     

黄芪和党参提取物的抗氧化活性研究

采用分光光度法测定不同产地黄芪、党参醇提取物的抗氧化性,并对它们清除自由基能力进行比较.结果显示,甘肃渭源、陇西、吉林舒兰、山西浑源黄芪醇提取物的DPPH自由基清除率依次为:21.38%、13.53%、35.09%和20.18%,表明不同产地的黄芪的抗氧化活性差异明显;陕西凤县、南郑、山西陵川党参醇提取物的DPPH自由基清除率依次为:17.56%、9.87%和8.03%,表明不同产区的党参抗氧化活性存在一定的差异;黄芪、党参提取物清除DPPH自由基的IC50分别是0.24和0.85 mg·mL-1,即黄芪提取物清除自由基能力大于党参提取物.     

朱砂根抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶与抗氧化活性研究

对朱砂根抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶与抗氧化活性进行研究.利用96微孔板法筛选α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性;采用DPPH、ABTS和FRAP方法分析抗氧化活性.结果表明,乙酸乙酯部位抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性最高(IC50=39.27 μg/mL),石油醚部位次之(IC50 =56.11 μg/mL),正丁醇部位活性最弱(IC50=62.05μg/mL),但均远大于阳性对照Acarbose(IC50=1081.27 μg/mL);乙酸乙酯部位抗氧化能力最强,正丁醇部位次之.乙酸乙酯部位清除DPPH自由基(IC50=38.55 mg/L)的能力比BHT( IC50=18.71 mg/L)低1/2,清除ABTS自由基的能力(IC50=3.60 mg/L)比BHT(IC50=7.44 mg/L)强,但比BHA(IC50=1.74 mg/L)弱,还原Fe3+的能力(FRAP=512.99 ±6.80 μmoTE/g)为BHT(FRAP=1581.68±97.41μmol TE/g)的1/3.结果显示朱砂根乙酸乙酯部位抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶和抗氧化活性最好.     

红托竹荪多糖抗氧化活性的研究

本文采用DPPH自由基、羟自由基及超氧阴离子自由基体系对红托竹荪多糖的抗氧化活性进行了研究,并同Vc和BHT进行了比较.结果表明,在0.2～1.2 mg/mL质量浓度范围内,红托竹荪多糖对DPPH自由基、羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的半数清除率(EC50)值分别为1.468、2.580和2.330,抗氧化活性稍强于BHT,但弱于VC.     

Design and synthesis of 2,6-diprenyl-4-iodophenol TX-1952 with a novel and potent anti-peroxidative activity

The structure-based elucidation of 2,4,6-tri-substituted phenols for their antioxidative and anti-peroxidative effects has been investigated using TX-1952 (2,6-diprenyl-4-iodophenol), TX-1961, TX-1980, BTBP and BHT. In the inhibition of mitochondrial lipid peroxidation, the inhibitory activity of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-bromophenol (BTBP) (IC(50)=0.17 microM) was twice as high as that of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT) (IC(50)=0.31 microM). This result shows that the 4-halogen group increases inhibitory activity for mitochondrial lipid peroxidation. Besides, TX-1952 (IC(50)=0.60 microM) was the highest inhibitor among 2,6-diprenyl-4-halophenols, followed by TX-1961 (IC(50)=0.93 microM) and TX-1980 (IC(50)=1.2 microM). In 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging experiments, the activity of TX-1952 (IC(0.200)=53.1 microM) was lower than that of BHT (IC(0.200)=33.7 microM) and BTBP (IC(0.200)=16.0 microM), but TX-1952 and BHT showed the same HOMO energy (-8.991 eV). These results suggest that the two prenyl groups at ortho position hinder the phenolic hydrogen abstraction by DPPH radical. These findings demonstrated that TX-1952 was a novel and potent inhibitor for lipid peroxidation.     

Antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties of N-acetylcysteine amide (NACA) and comparison with N-acetylcysteine (NAC)

The antioxidant potential of N-acetylcysteine amide (NACA), also known as AD4, was assessed by employing different in vitro assays. These included reducing power, free radical scavenging capacities, peroxidation inhibiting activity through linoleic acid emulsion system and metal chelating capacity, as compared to NAC and three widely used antioxidants, alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Of the antioxidant properties that were investigated, NACA was shown to possess higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging ability and reducing power than NAC, at all the concentrations, whereas the scavenging ability of H(2)O(2) differed with concentration. While NACA had greater H(2)O(2) scavenging capacity at the highest concentration, NAC was better than NACA at lower concentrations. NAC and NACA had a 60% and 55% higher ability to prevent beta-carotene bleaching, respectively, as compared to control. The chelating activity of NACA was more than 50% that of the metal chelating capacity of EDTA and four and nine times that of BHT and alpha-tocopherol, respectively. When compared to NACA and NAC; alpha-tocopherol had higher DPPH scavenging abilities and BHT and alpha-tocopherol had better beta-carotene bleaching power. These findings provide evidence that the novel antioxidant, NACA, has indeed enhanced the antioxidant properties of NAC.     

河南产景天三七抗氧化活性研究

用清除二苯代苦味酰基(DPPH)自由基、2,2′-连氨-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二氨盐(ABTS)自由基和铁离子还原/抗氧化能力(FRAP)测定法对洛阳和信阳产景天三七(Sedum aizoon)体外总抗氧化活性进行评价,并与阳性对照丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)、没食子酸丙酯(PG)和二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)比较。发现洛阳和信阳景天三七有较好的体外抗氧化活性。洛阳和信阳产乙酸乙酯部位活性最强,正丁醇部位活性次之。在6个提取部位中,信阳产景天三七乙酸乙酯部位活性最强,其清除DPPH、ABTS自由基能力强于阳性对照BHA和BHT,还原Fe3+的能力大于阳性对照BHT,洛阳产景天三七乙酸乙酯部位和正丁醇部位活性次之。     

有柄石韦醇提物抗氧化活性研究

通过DPPH自由基清除测定、还原能力、总抗氧化能力、羟自由基清除测定,评价有柄石韦Pyrrosia petiolosa醇提物的抗氧化活性。结果显示,有柄石韦醇提物清除DPPH·的IC50为75.82 μg·mL-1,清除·OH的IC50为46.30 μg·mL-1。有柄石韦醇提物清除DPPH· 的能力强于抗坏血酸,清除·OH的能力弱于抗坏血酸;同时,其还原能力和总抗氧化能力均强于抗坏血酸。该结果说明有柄石韦醇提物具有较强的抗氧化活性。     

Synthesis, antioxidant and radical scavenging activities of novel benzimidazoles

The synthesis and antioxidant evaluation of some novel benzimidazole derivatives (10-24) are described. Antioxidant properties of the compounds were investigated employing various in vitro systems viz., microsomal NADPH-dependent inhibition of lipid peroxidation (LP), interaction of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and scavenging of superoxide anion radical. Compounds 12 and 13 showed very good antioxidant capacity and were 17-18-fold more potent than BHT (IC50 2.3 x 10(-4) M) with 1.3 x 10(-5) M and 1.2 x 10(-5) M IC50 values, respectively, by interaction of the stable DPPH free radical.     

In vitro antioxidant activity of banana (Musa spp. ABB cv. Pisang Awak)

The methanolic extract of Musa ABB cv Pisang Awak was investigated for the polyphenolic contents and antioxidant activity. The total phenol and flavonoid contents of the fruit extract were found to be 120 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) and 440 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/100 g of sample dry weight, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the Pisang Awak methanol extract (PAME) (20-500 microg/ml) was determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, reducing capacity, 2-2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical cation decolourization and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity (OH*). The EC50 values of DPPH, ABTS and OH* activities of the PAME and butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) were found to be 65 and 9 microg/ml, 29 and 6 microg/ml, 36 and 42 microg/ml respectively. The reducing capacity increased with increasing concentration (31.5-1000 mg/ml) of the fruit extract and the activity was comparable with the standard BHT. The high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis of the extract revealed the presence of polyphenols. The strong and positive correlations were obtained between total phenol/flavonoid contents (R2 = 0.693-1.0) and free radical scavenging ability was attributed to the polyphenols as the major antioxidants.     

凹叶厚朴抑制α-糖苷酶与抗氧化活性研究

首次采用96微孔板法检测贵州和河南产凹叶厚朴抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性;并采用DPPH、ABTS和FRAP三种方法测定其抗氧化活性.贵州产凹叶厚朴乙酸乙酯(IC50 =7.22 μg,/mL)和正丁醇提取部位(IC50=36.59 μg/mL),河南产凹叶厚朴石油醚(IC50=107.04 μg/mL)和乙酸乙酯提取部位(IC50=17.17μg/mL),它们的活性都远高于于阳性对照Acarhose( IC50=1081.27 μg/mL).贵州产凹叶厚朴乙酸乙酯提取部位清除ABTS自由基的能力最强(IC50=8.81 μg/mL),强于阳性对照BHT(IC50=11.94 μg/mL);其次为河南产凹叶厚朴乙酸乙酯提取部位(IC50=12.73 μg/mL).研究结果表明,贵州产凹叶厚朴乙酸乙酯提取部位抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶和抗氧化活性最好.     

黑灵芝提取物清除DPPH自由基的作用

以黑灵芝为研究对象,采用不同方法提取黑灵芝中的有效成分,以BHT和抗坏血酸为对照品,采用DPPH.法研究各种提取物对自由基的清除作用。结果表明:微波萃取法是最适合提取黑灵芝中有效成分的现代方法,不仅产率高,而且速度快,节能;不同溶剂提取物对DPPH自由基清除率强弱依次为95%乙醇>丙酮>水>氯仿,提取物用量与清除能力成量效关系;黑灵芝的丙酮提取物浓度达到1 mg/mL时已超过10 mg/mL BHT的抗氧化效果,相当于0.5 mg/mL浓度抗坏血酸的抗氧化效果。