HCV核心抗原基因的克隆和表达

用ＰＣＲ方法扩增人丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）Ｃ抗原部分基因片段,将其克隆到一种新的表达载体ＰＱＥ中构成重组质粒ＰＱＥ－Ｃｏｒｅ短,转化大肠杆菌Ｍ１５株。含ＰＱＥ－Ｃｏｒｅ重组质粒的工程菌株以２ＹＴ中３７℃下培养加入ＩＰＴＧ诱导７小时,经１５％ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ凝胶电泳分离蛋白质,证明工程菌合成了大量改造的ＨＣＶ Ｃｏｒｅｎｈｊ ｒ     

二种不同抗冷性水稻品种剑叶5’－核苷酸酶的细胞化学定位

二种不同抗冷性水稻品种剑叶５’－核苷酸酶的细胞化学定位陈善娜邹晓菊梁斌（云南大学生物系，昆明６５００９１）ＴＨＥＣＹＴＯＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬＬＯＣＡＴＩＯＮＯＦ５’－ＮＵＣＬＥＯＴＩＤＡＳＥＩＮＳＷＯＲＤＳＨＡＲＰＥＤＬＥＡＶＥＳＯＦＴＷＯＤＩＦＦＥＲ...     

抗原捕获聚合酶链式反应（AC—PCR）直接分型检测单纯疱疹病毒

用抗单纯疱疹病毒（ＨＳＶ）型共同性ｇＣ和ｇＤ单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ）,包被Ｅｐｐｅｎｄｏｒｆ管,捕捉ＨＳＶ,同时加入３个引物：一个是ＨＳＶ－１／ＨＳＶ－型共同性上游引物,另两个分别是ＨＳＶ－１和ＨＳＶ－２型特异性下游引物。借此建立了能直接分型检测ＨＳＶ的抗原捕获聚合酶链式反应（ＡＣ－ＰＣＲ）。ＨＳＶ－１的扩增产物为４７７ｂｐ,ＨＳＶ－２的为３９９ｂｐ,两型病毒经ＡＣ－ＰＣＲ扩增后产生分子量不同的ＤＮ     

EB病毒转化Hu－TLC－SCID小鼠脾细胞的实验研究

利用ＥＢ病毒转化可产生较高水平人ＩｇＧ和特异性抗２型登革病毒人抗体的Ｈｕ－ＴＬＣ－ＳＣＩＤ小鼠脾细胞,通过免疫组化、免疫荧光和ＰＣＲ法检测转化细胞的人Ｂ细胞表面标志、ＥＢ病毒抗原和ＥＢ病毒基因。结果表明,被转化的Ｈｕ－ＴＬＣ－ＳＣＩＤ小鼠脾细胞能继续产生抗２型登革病毒的特异性人抗体,并具有人Ｂ细胞的、ＳｍＩｇＧ标志及ＥＢ病毒潜伏膜蛋白－１（ＬＭＰ－１）基因,可表达ＬＭＰ－１和ＥＢ病毒核抗原（ＥＢＮＡ）。     

干扰素-a对人骨肉瘤细胞ICAM-1,CEA和Vimentin表达的调节作用

为探讨ＩＦＮ－ａ在骨肉瘤浸润转移中的诱导调节作用。本实验采用Ｃｅｌ－ＥＬＩＳＡ方法半定量检测了ＩＦＮ－ａ对体外培养的人骨肉瘤细胞系（ＯＳ－７３２）细胞间粘附分子－１、癌胚抗原和波形蛋白表达的诱导变化。结果显示,ＩＦＮ－ａ对３种抗原的表达均有显著的诱导增强作用（Ｐ＜０．０１）,且存在一定的量效关系,即ＩＦＮ－ａ浓度＜１０３Ｕ／ｍｌ时,ＩＣＡＭ－１、ＣＥＡ和Ｖｉｍ的表达量随ＩＦＮ－ａ浓度的增加而增加;当ＩＦＮ－ａ的浓度＞１０３Ｕ／ｍｌ时,其表达量随之逐渐下降。提示：ＩＦＮ－ａ对骨肉瘤细胞有一定的诱导分化作用,在一定程度上能抑制骨肉瘤的浸润转移并且在治疗骨肉瘤中有一定的积极作用。     

池塘养殖环境中底质－水界面营养盐扩散通量的现场测定

池塘养殖环境中底质－水界面营养盐扩散通量的现场测定ＦＩＥＬＤＤＥＴＥＲＭＩＮＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＤＩＦＦＵＳＩＯＮＦＬＵＸＯＦＮＵＴＲＩＥＮＴＳＦＲＯＭＳＥＤＩＭＥＮＴ－ＷＡＴＥＲＩＮＴＥＲＦＡＣＥＯＦＣＵＬＴＵＲＥＰＯＮＤ￥ＳｕｎＹａｏ（ＹｅｌｌｏｗＳｅ...     

4α－PDD、PMA对去甲肾上腺素促进大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞Ⅰa抗原表达的影响

本文采用Ｃａ~２＋指示剂的分光光谱法测定巨噬细胞（Ｍφ）内Ｃａ~２＋浓度（［Ｃａ~２＋］ｉ）、ＡＰＡＡＰ桥联酶标法检测Ｍφ膜上Ⅰａ抗原的表达,研究肌醇磷脂代谢中第二信使分子甘油二酯（ＤＧ）在去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）促进ＭφⅠａ表达效应中的作用,以进一步探讨ＮＥ效应的跨膜信息传递机制。结果表明：蛋白激酶Ｃ（ＰＫＣ）抑制剂４αＰＤＤ（２５μｇ／ｍｌ）虽不影响ＮＥ（１０￣－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）升高Ｍφ［Ｃａ￣２＋］ｉ的效应,却显著减弱了ＮＥ促进ＭφⅠａ抗原表达的效应;而ＰＫＣ激动剂ＰＭＡ（１０ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ）本身促进ＭφⅠａ抗原表达的作用不明显,也不能进一步增强ＮＥ促进ＭφⅠａ抗原表达的效应。结果提示：ＤＧ激活的ＰＫＣ系统也参与了ＮＥ促进ＭφⅠａ抗原表达的信息传递过程,并与另一第二信使分子肌醇－１,４,５－三磷酸（ＩＰ＿３）介导的Ｃａ￣２＋途径协同发挥作用。     

中国革螨二新纪录种（蜱螨亚纲：厉螨科、巨螫螨科）

中国革螨二新纪录种（蜱螨亚纲：厉螨科、巨螫螨科）ＴＷＯＮＥＷＬＹＲＥＣＯＲＤＥＤＳＰＥＣＩＥＳＯＦＧＡＭＡＳＩＮＡＦＲＯＭＣＨＩＮＡ（ＡＣＡＲＩ：ＬＡＥＬＡＰＩＤＡＥ,ＭＡＣＲＯＣＨＥＬＩＤＡＥ）￥ＹＥＲＵＩ－ＹＵ（ＸｉｎｊｉａｎｇＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ...     

中国伞滑刃线虫属─新纪录（真滑刃目：寄生滑刃科）

中国伞滑刃线虫属─新纪录（真滑刃目：寄生滑刃科）ＴＨＥＮＥＷＲＥＣＯＲＤＯＦＢＵＲＳＡＰＨＥＬＥＮＣＨＵＳＦＲＯＭＣＨＩＮＡ（ＡＰＨＥＬＥＮＣＨＩＤＡ：ＰＡＲＡＳＩＴＡＰＨＥＬＥＮＣＨＩＤＡＥ）￥ＹＩＮＧａｎ－ｌｉｕ;ＦＡＮＧＹｕ－ｓｈｅｎｇ（Ｄｅｐ...     

用人工合成的丁型肝炎病毒抗原多肽检测丁肝病毒IgM抗全及其初步应用

用人工合成的丁型肝炎病毒抗原（ＨＤＶ－Ａｇ）肽建立了检测抗ＨＤＶ－ＩｇＭ抗体的ＥＬＩＳＡ方法。本法操作简便、快速、重复性好、特异性强,与抗ＨＡＶ－ＩｇＭ＇抗ＨＢｃ－ＩｇＭ、抗ＨＢｓ－ＩｇＭ、抗ＨＣＶ－ＩｇＭ、抗ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ、抗ＲＶ－ＩｇＭ、类风湿因子（ＲＦ）及抗核抗体（ＡＮＡ）阳性血清均不起反应,且可被２－巯基乙醇阻断而不起反应。经初步临床应用,３１例正常人血清抗ＨＤＶ－ＩｇＭ全部阴性,２８例慢     

细胞因子基因转导对人乳腺癌细胞MHC抗原及细胞膜糖蛋白表达的影响

为探讨细胞因子基因(人IL-2、IL-6)转导对于肿瘤细胞膜MHC抗原及细胞膜糖蛋白表达调控的影响,本文利用脂质体介导的方法,将含人IL-6、IL-2基因的逆转录病毒载体分别导入人乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7细胞中,采用间接免疫荧光染色流式细胞仪测定法,对基因转导的瘤细胞细胞膜糖蛋白及MHC抗原表达进行测定。结果表明经两种基因修饰的MCF-7细胞MHCⅠ型抗原表达均获得增强,此外,基因转导细胞可程度不同地表现出细胞膜多种糖蛋白表达的变化。提示肿瘤细胞膜抗原及糖蛋白表达的改变可能是细胞因子基因转导影响肿瘤细胞免疫原性的重要结构基础。     

Functional consequence of variation in melanoma antigen expression

Summary Melanoma cells have been shown to express melanoma-associated antigens and, in many cases, the histocompatibility antigen, HLA-DR. We questioned whether the expression of these antigens was quantitatively altered during the serial passage of melanoma cells in culture. Therefore, we measured the binding of monoclonal antibodies specific for a melanoma-specific antigen and the HLA-DR antigen to melanoma cells from serial passages. Three cell lines were studied. We found that although both the melanoma-associated antigen and the HLA-DR antigen were qualitatively conserved, significant quantitative differences were seen. To study the functional consequences of these differences, we used fluorescence-activated cell sorting to create DR-enriched and DR-depleted populations from a single melanoma cell line heterogeneous for DR expression. We found that the proliferation of allogeneic T cells (measured by the ³H-TdR uptake) cultured with the DR-enriched and -depleted melanoma cell populations was directly related to the amount of the HLA-DR antigen expressed. These results indicate that in performance of experiments using melanoma cell lines quantitative assessment of antigenic expression is important, particularly if the function of a specific antigen is under examination. Further, our data clearly identify the HLA-DR antigen on melanoma cells as a participant in allogeneic lymphocyte stimulation. Abbreviations used are: FACS, fluorescence activated cell sorter; FITC, fluorescein isothocyante; ³H-TdR, tritiated thymidine     

大鼠肝癌发生过程中增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA／Cyclin）的表达

应用免疫组织化学的ＡＢＣ法,对二乙基亚硝胺（ＤＥＮ）诱发大鼠发生过程中增殖细胞核抗原在肝组织中的表达进行了系统观察。结果显示：正常大鼠肝组织中仅见极少数ＰＣＮＡ阳性肝细胞,阳性率为０．０８％,随着诱癌进程发展,大鼠肝组织中ＰＣＮＡ阳性肝细胞逐渐增多,诱癌第４、８、１２周,大鼠肝组织中ＰＣＮＡ阳性肝细胞百分率分别为１．６％、３．８％、１６．２％,诱癌晚期癌结节内大部分肝癌细胞里ＰＣＮＡ阳性表达,阳性率为８０．６％。本研究结果表明原位检测ＰＣＮＡ表达比传统依据形态学分化程度来判断肿瘤发生可能性更为客观、可靠。     

Immunohistochemical expression of retinoblastoma gene product (Rb), p53 protein, MDM2, c-erbB-2, HLA-DR and proliferation indices in human urinary bladder carcinoma

Archival biopsy specimens from transitional cell bladder cancers (n=88) were analysed immunohistochemically for the expression of the retinoblastoma (Rb) gene protein, p53, mdm2, c-erbB-2, HLA-DR antigen and proliferation indices. An altered nuclear expression of Rb, p53 and mdm2 was observed in 55.2%, 33.3% and 18.2% of tumors respectively. Cytoplasmic membrane immunoreactivity (>25% tumor cells) for c-erbB-2 was detected in 14.1% of tumors and aberrant HLA-DR antigen cytoplasmic staining (>5% of tumor cells) in 22.2% of the cases. P53 overexpression was associated with higher tumor grade and stage. Aberrant HLA-DR antigen expression and PCNA were also correlated with the grade of differentiation and tumor stage. MIB1 was statistically correlated with stage. pRb scores and HLA-DR antigen expression were correlated with proliferation activity as determined by PCNA and MIB1 immunostaining. p53 protein was also strongly correlated with the proliferation index PCNA. A strong correlation between PCNA and MIB1 (p<0.0001) was also found. In addition a statistically positive correlation between p53 and HLA-DR antigen expression was observed. Our data show that, although pRb and p53 protein expressions are not associated between them, they may contribute to the growth fraction of the bladder cancer. In addition, p53 and HLA-DR antigen expression could be indicators of aggressive behavior of bladder cancer.     

Functional association of class II antigens with cell surface binding of Epstein-Barr virus

A functional role of class II antigen in the binding of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was deduced from the study of membrane proteins on Jijoye, an EBV receptor (EBVR)-positive B cell line, and its mutant, EBVR-negative daughter cell line, P3HR-1. From gel electrophoresis of radiolabeled microsomal membrane proteins and immunoprecipitates, we identified class II antigen on Jijoye but not on P3HR-1 cells and the presence of Ii on both cell lines. The role of these molecules in EBVR function was tested by antibody blocking of virus adsorption. Anti-p23,30 serum (to class II antigen) was found to block binding of EBV to B lymphoblasts under conditions in which normal rabbit serum, rabbit antiserum to butyrate-treated P3HR-1 cells (with ample anti-Ii antibodies), and rabbit anti-p44,12 (to class I antigen and beta 2-microglobulin) serum did not block virus binding. Only one of four commercial monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) to framework epitopes on class II antigens blocked binding of EBV, whereas all four MoAb demonstrated immunofluorescent reactivity with the EBVR+ Raji cells. In previous studies of binding of EBV to hairy leukemic cells, a substantial subpopulation of HLA-DR+, EBVR- cells was identified, in addition to HLA-DR+, EBVR+ cells. These findings were consistent with the view that the HLA-DR complex has a role in the binding of EBV but that other components are also needed for the expression of EBVR function.     

Requirement of Ia-positive accessory cells in the MLR response against class II antigen on human B cell tumor line

In this report we have made a comparative study of the capacity of normal human stimulator cells and Epstein-Barr virus-transformed human B cell line Wa (EBV-Wa) cells to stimulate alloreactive T cells. Class II antigen (presumably HLA-DR4 determinant) on EBV-Wa cells was shown to act as a stimulating molecule in the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) through a blocking study by using anti-Ia antibodies. Furthermore, it was found that HLA-DR-positive accessory cells in the responder population were required to elicit MLR responses against HLA-DR antigen on EBV-Wa cells. In contrast, HLA-DR-positive accessory cells in the responding cell population were not essential for elicitation of MLR responses against HLA-DR antigen on normal allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells, as reported. The cell-cell interaction between responder HLA-DR-positive accessory cells and responding T cells in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted manner was required for eliciting MLR responses against class II antigen on EBV-Wa cells such as antigen-presenting cell-T cell interaction in soluble antigen-specific T cell proliferative responses. The function of HLA-DR-positive accessory cells in the responder population could not be substituted for by the presence of interleukin 1. Furthermore, there was no obvious correlation between the degree of surface HLA-DR antigen expression on EBV-Wa cells and its stimulating ability. Thus, two distinct types of allo-class II, antigen-specific T cell activation between normal human stimulator cells and EBV-Wa cells were shown to exist.     

UH series of monoclonal antibodies recognizing major histocompatibility complex class II antigen(s) of Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata)

Six mouse monoclonal antibodies were developed by immunization with a Japanese monkey cell line. These monoclonal antibodies, designated the UH series, reacted with large populations of peripheral B cells and monocytes, but not with T cells. The distribution of reactivities and the molecular weight of the membrane antigens recognized were similar to those of the HLA-DR monoclonal antibody; one inhibited the binding of HLA-DR. Human interferon-gamma induced increased expressions of all the UH antigen epitopes.     

Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor induces both HLA-DR expression and cytokine production by human monocytes

The effect of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on the expression of HLA-DR, and the production of the cytokines interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) by human peripheral blood monocyte-enriched populations was investigated. GM-CSF was shown to induce both the expression of HLA-DR and the cytokines IL-1 and TNF alpha in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), which induced major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression, did not induce IL-1 or TNF alpha production. However, IFN-gamma enhanced the cell surface expression of HLA-DR and the production of IL-1 and TNF alpha on monocyte-enriched cells stimulated by GM-CSF. By itself, GM-CSF did not induce surface class II expression on the human monocytic tumour cell line THP-1, whereas it synergized with IFN-gamma to induce surface expression. These cells responded to GM-CSF by producing IL-1 and TNF alpha; Northern blotting showed that mRNA levels of IL-1 and TNF alpha were transiently induced, similar to other cytokines. Our results indicate that GM-CSF is a major macrophage activating factor that is capable of inducing both the expression of HLA-DR and the cytokines involved in T-cell activation by macrophages; therefore, GM-CSF may be of importance in potentiating antigen presenting function.     

Modulation of interferon-gamma-induced major histocompatibility (MHC) and CD14 antigen changes by lipophilic muramyltripeptide MTP-PE in human monocytes

The lipophilic muramylpeptide derivative muramyltripeptide-phosphatidylethanolamine (MTP-PE, 0.05 to 5 micrograms/ml) and human recombinant interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma, 1 to 100 U/ml) were applied singly or in combination to fresh human mononuclear blood leucocytes in vitro. After 15 to 72 hr incubation, culture- and drug-induced changes in beta 2-microglobulin (MHC class I associated), HLA-DR (MHC class II), and Leu-M3 (CD14) antigen expression were investigated by flow cytometry; changes in monocyte morphology (forward light scatter and side scatter) were assessed by scatter analysis. It was found that (1) rIFN-gamma caused a simultaneous down-regulation of the CD14 antigen and an up-regulation of MHC class I and class II molecules on the surface of cultured monocytes; (2) MTP-PE, which by itself failed to influence the expression of these antigens, synergized with rIFN-gamma in increasing MHC antigens and reducing CD14; (3) at high concentrations rIFN-gamma reduced monocyte viability to a small but significant extent and this effect was further potentiated by MTP-PE; and (4) untreated monocytes in culture showed an apparently MTP-PE-insensitive increase in size, density, and beta 2-microglobulin, HLA-DR, and CD14 antigen expression. The influence of MTP-PE on rIFN-gamma-induced surface marker changes may contribute to its immunoadjuvant activity in vivo.