染色体着丝粒中结构蛋白CenpB的基因在乳腺癌组织中的活跃表达

利用Northern印迹技术对31例乳腺癌组织块及每一例病人的癌旁正常(非癌性)组织块进行分析,发现多数情况下(87．1％)癌组织中着丝粒蛋白CenpB mRNA过表达;组织原位杂交分析表明,在CenpB mRNA过表达的乳腺癌组织中,呈现出比癌旁正常组织更强的杂交信号;用免疫印迹法研究同样的标本,结果与RNA水平上的研究高度一致。结果显示,CenpB基因的过表达可能与乳腺细胞恶性增殖有关。     

抗肿瘤药物三尖杉酯碱对HeLa细胞增殖的影响及其与CenpB基因的关系

以人子宫颈癌细胞株HeLa为对象,采用免疫印迹、流式细胞光度术和间接免疫荧光．流式细胞光度术等方法,分析三尖杉酯碱对细胞增殖周期、凋亡等的影响,并检测着丝粒蛋白CenpB基因表达的水平,进一步分析它与细胞增殖的关系及三尖杉酯碱的作用效应。结果表明：0．2μg/mL三尖杉酯碱作用时间的延长带来HeLa细胞G1期缩短、S期延长的时相变化趋势,与之相关的是G2期向G1期过渡的缓慢延迟;凋亡率呈现增加的趋势;相对于未处理的对照细胞,0．2μg/mL三尖杉酯碱的作用使CenpB蛋白表达水平降低,但不呈简单的时间函数关系,这可能是细胞周期检验点应对药物诱导作用的反馈调节的体现,而重要着丝粒结构蛋白CenpB的基因表达调节与之可能有明显的相关性。     

红霉素合成蛋白基因的克隆和高表达

文献报道红霉素合成蛋白DEBS2 (6-脱氧红霉内酯B合酶)(374 kD)基因在大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)中异源表达量比较低,难以开展后续蛋白纯化和结构等研究.为获得该大蛋白基因的异源高表达,本研究通过PCR的方法,对编码红霉素合成蛋白DEBS2的基因起始5'端设计了起始密码子之后的十一个简并密码子序列,随机筛选获得在表达宿主BL21(DE3)中高表达的简并序列质粒,质粒命名为DEBS2-17.结果 表明:mRNA的起始二级结构影响200 kD以上的蛋白质表达水平.本研究为开展红霉素合成蛋白的结构及生化研究提供理论基础,同时对表达分子量200 kD以上蛋白具有一定借鉴意义.     

着丝粒蛋白U(CENPU)在卵巢癌中的高表达及其临床病理学意义

目的 探索着丝粒蛋白U(centromere protein U,CENPU)在卵巢癌组织中表达情况和与卵巢癌细胞增殖和迁移的关系及其相关机制.方法 应用免疫组织化学和Western blot检测卵巢癌组织和癌旁组织、卵巢癌细胞和正常卵巢上皮细胞中CENPU的表达;沉默卵巢癌细胞CENPU后,应用CCK-8、Trans...     

.用酵母双杂交系统筛选CENP-E相互作用蛋白

纺锤体检验点(spindle checkpoint)是一个重要的细胞分裂生化调节通路, 可监督染色体正确分离和传代．着丝粒相关蛋白E (centromere-associated protein E, CENP-E)是一个分子量为312 kD的微管马达驱动蛋白,可以衔接纺锤体微管与动点并参与纺锤体检验点调控．为研究CENP-E的作用机理,以其动点结合区域为诱饵蛋白,用酵母双杂交技术从人HeLa细胞 cDNA 文库中筛选出了Nuf2蛋白．体外的pull-down实验和体内的免疫共沉淀实验表明, Nuf2蛋白通过其卷曲螺旋(coiled-coil) 功能域特异结合CENP-E的 C 末端区域,间接免疫荧光显示Nuf2与CENP-E共定位于细胞有丝分裂期染色体的动点．由此推论, CENP-E 通过Nuf2的直接作用参与构筑动点-微管界面,进而参与细胞有丝分裂纺锤体检验点信号转导通路,为染色体正确分离发挥调控作用．     

miR-17-92对急性白血病L1210/DDP细胞多药耐药性影响研究

目的:研究miR-17-92在白血病L1210/DDP细胞多药耐药形成中的作用.方法:首先构建L1210/DDP耐药细胞系,运用real-time PCR方法检测miR-17-92在L1210/DDP细胞与L1210细胞中的表达差异.利用脂质体Lipofectamine 2000将miR-17-92抑制物(miR-17-92sponge)及阴性对照(sponge vector)转染L1210/DDP细胞,构建miR-17-92表达下调的L1210/DDP细胞系.用MTS法检测转染后耐药细胞对顺铂和阿霉素体外药物敏感性.结果:miRNA-17-92在L1210/DDP耐药细胞系中高表达,上调倍数为(1.61±0.01)倍.体外药物敏感性实验表明,转染miR-17-92抑制物的实验组对顺铂和阿霉素的IC50分别为(3.29±0.51)、(1.35±0.13)g/ml,而转染阴性对照组对上述药物的IC50分别为(6.73± 0.82)、(2.66±0.42)g/ml,在耐药株中抑制miR-17-92在L1210/DDP细胞中的表达,显著增加细胞对顺铂和阿霉素的敏感性.结论:miR-17-92在白血病耐顺铂L1210/DDP细胞中高表达.抑制miR-17-92的表达可增加白血病L1210/DDP细胞对顺铂和阿霉素化疗药物的敏感性,部分逆转耐药.     

基于CRISPR转录激活系统构建内源性着丝粒蛋白F稳定过表达的肝细胞癌细胞模型

临床研究表明着丝粒蛋白F(centromere protein F,CENPF)与肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)的发生相关。由于CENPF蛋白的分子量高达358 kDa,目前有关CENPF致癌机制研究使用的体内外模型主要基于CENPF表达敲低,尚缺乏将CENPF过表达以探究其与癌变因果关系的研究,CENPF过表达改变到底是“因”还是“果”仍不清楚。本研究旨在利用包括lentiMPHv2和lentiSAMv2两个载体的CRISPR/dCas9转录激活协同激活介体(synergistic activation mediator,SAM)系统构建内源性CENPF稳定过表达的细胞模型,为阐明CENPF过表达与HCC发生发展的因果关系提供有效工具。首先设计并合成能够特异性识别CENPF基因转录起始位点的单向导核糖核酸(single guide RNAs,sgRNA),并将其插入lentiSAMv2质粒中。利用慢病毒载体将lentiMPHv2质粒导入Huh-7和HCCLM3细胞株中,用潮霉素B筛选后再用慢病毒载体将连接好的携带sgRNA序列的lentiSAMv2质粒导入细胞中,并用杀稻瘟菌素S继续筛选。对2种抗生素筛选获得的Huh-7和HCCLM3细胞株样品进行CENPF mRNA和蛋白表达水平的检测,结果显示sgRNA1和sgRNA4序列均能够激活内源CENPF的表达,其中sgRNA4诱导转录效果更加明显。本研究利用CRISPR/dCas9系统成功构建内源性CENPF稳定过表达的HCC细胞模型,为研究CENPF过表达与肿瘤发生的因果关系奠定基础,并为构建大分子量蛋白过表达的细胞模型提供参考方案。     

人肺表面活性相关蛋白Al在酿酒酵母中表达、纯化及活性分析

将编码正常人肺表面活性物质相关蛋白A1基因的cDNA克隆至酿酒酵母的分泌表达载体pVT102U/α中,构建了重组质粒pVT102U/α-SP-A1,转化酵母宿主菌S-78,通过改变培养基的pH值水平,经摇瓶培养,SDS-PAGE结果显示,培养上清中SP-A1表达量达400mg/L以上,表达产物分子量为62kD和32kD.分别以二聚体和单体形式出现.ELISA和Western blot实验表明表达产物能被抗体特异性识别.生物学活性检测证实其具有调理肺巨噬细胞吞噬E.coli的功能.     

薇甘菊几丁质酶基因的原核表达及活性分析

将薇甘菊Mmchi1基因cDNA序列的编码区插入到原核表达载体pET-32a(+)中,构建融合表达质粒,并在大肠杆菌中进行了融合蛋白6×His-Mmchi1的诱导表达、Western blot和酶活性分析.结果表明,0.1 mmol/L IPTG、25℃诱导4 h,在大肠杆菌Rosetta-gami(DE3)中能获得可溶性的6×His-Mmchi1;Western blot证实表达的6×His-Mmchi1能与抗6×His的单抗发生特异性反应,分子量约为55 kD,与预测的融合蛋白分子量相符;纯化后的6×His-Mmchi1最佳酶活性pH和温度分别为5.5～6.5和35～40℃.为进一步研究融合蛋白6×His-Mmchi1的功能奠定了基础.     

人肺表面活性相关蛋白A1在酿酒酵母中表达、纯化及活性分析

将编码正常人肺表面活性物质相关蛋白A1基因的cDNA克隆至酿酒酵母的分泌表达载体pVT102U/α中,构建了重组质粒pVT102U/α-SP-A1,转化酵母宿主菌S-78,通过改变培养基的pH值水平,经摇瓶培养,SDS-PAGE结果显示,培养上清中SP-A1表达量达400mg/L以上,表达产物分子量为62kD和32kD。分别以二聚体和单体形式出现。ELISA和Western blot实验表明表达产物能被抗体特异性识别。生物学活性检测证实其具有调理肺巨噬细胞吞噬E.coli的功能。     

Detection of antigenic surface proteins of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans using the immunoblotting method

Antigenic surface proteins of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (three strains), which can be recognized by antibodies in human serum, were examined using the Western blot method. By comparing the immunoblotting profiles between protease-treated cells and untreated cells, IgG-antigenic and IgM-antigenic surface proteins were found. The IgG-antigenic proteins revealed the following molecular weights: strain ATCC 29522, 52 and 49 kD; strain ATCC 29523, 45, 49, 52 and 70 kD; strain Y4, 36, 38, 44, 53 and 58 kD. Molecular weights of the IgM-antigenic proteins ranged from 50 to 92 kD: strain ATCC 29522, 68, 80, 90 and 92 kD; strain ATCC 29523, 62, 68 and 80 kD; strain Y4, 50, 64, 73, 81 and 86 kD. The IgG-antigenic proteins were very sensitive to trypsin and Bacillus licheniformis protease, but were resistant to V8 protease, while the IgM-antigenic proteins were sensitive to various proteases. These results suggested that IgG-antigenic and IgM-antigenic components were different from the serotype-specific antigen or species-specific antigen associated with polysaccharides or lipopolysaccharides with respect to molecular weights and that they were proteins.     

Human dermal fibroblasts express multiple bFGF and aFGF proteins

Summary We investigated the regulation of expression of bFGF and aFGF in cultures of normal human dermal fibroblasts grown in a defined, serum-free medium which did not contain FGF. Under these conditions we detected three molecular weight forms of bFGF protein [18.0, 23.0, and 26.6 kiloDaltons (kD)] and three molecular weight forms of aFGF protein (18.4, 19.2, and 28.6 kD) in these cells using western blot analysis. The addition of fetal bovine serum (FBS) to these cultures caused an accumulation of all three molecular weight forms of bFGF protein with a more dramatic accumulation of the 23.0 and 26.6 kD forms. In contrast, the addition of FBS to the cultures had no effect on the level of aFGF proteins. Analysis of mRNA isolated from cells grown in serum-free medium revealed multiple species of both bFGF and aFGF RNA with molecular weights that correlated with our previous observations. The abundance of all bFGF mRNA species increased dramatically after serum treatment while the abundance of aFGF mRNA species increased only slightly. Our observations demonstrate that factor(s) present in FBS elevate the levels of bFGF mRNA and protein beyond the levels already present in the cultures growing in serum-free medium. Moreover, both bFGF and aFGF protein are present in these cells as multiple molecular weight species. Some of these forms are higher in apparent molecular weight than would be predicted from ATG-initiated primary translation products of these genes. We also show that the cells used for this study proliferate in response to bFGF and aFGF, thus, it is possible that the growth of these cells could be subject to autocrine/paracrine control in certain conditions.     

汉滩病毒核蛋白的分段表达及抗原表位分析

在大肠杆菌中对汉滩病毒Ｓ基因４种不同长度片段的重组表达质粒进行诱导表达。结果表明表达的４种ＧＳＴ－ＮＰ融合蛋白均以不溶性包含体形式存在于茵体细胞内,表达量分别占菌体蛋白总量的２９－３６％,分子量分别约为７２ｋＤ、６６ｋＤ、５４ｋＤ和４４ｋＤＤ。Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ显示５４ｋＤ和７２ｋＤ融合蛋白用酶标记汉滩病毒ＮＰＭｃＡｂｌＡ８和抗ＧＳＴ ＭｃＡｂ ３Ｃ１１染色呈阳反应。６６ｋＤ和４４ｋＤ融合蛋     

植物细胞中NuMA类似蛋白的分布及其在细胞周期中的变化

免疫荧光染色结果说明植物细胞核内含有与抗动物ＮｕＭＡ多抗呈阳性交叉反应的多肽。选择性抽提并结合免疫荧光染色结果说明这种多肽位于核基质纤维蛋白网络上。免疫印迹反应显示胡萝卜（ＤａｕｃｕｓｃａｒｏｔａＬ．）悬浮培养细胞核基质蛋白与抗动物ＮｕＭＡ蛋白多抗的阳性反应条带为７４ｋＤ和７６ｋＤ。有丝分裂各期免疫荧光染色的结果表明植物细胞中的ＮｕＭＡ类似蛋白在有丝分裂过程中呈现有规律的变化。结合选择性抽提的有丝分裂各期的免疫荧光染色的结果表明核基质在此过程中也发生明显变化。应用选择性抽提并结合ＤＧＤ包埋去包埋电镜技术对植物细胞间期及有丝分裂期核基质的形态结构进行了观察。结果显示胡萝卜悬浮培养细胞间期核内存在一个非染色质性的纤维蛋白网络体系,而在正处于分裂的细胞中则未观察到。以上结果说明ＮｕＭＡ类似蛋白是核基质的组分之一并与有丝分裂密切相关。     

Molecular cloning of cDNA for CENP-B, the major human centromere autoantigen

We have isolated a series of overlapping cDNA clones for approximately 95% of the mRNA that encodes CENP-B, the 80-kD human centromere autoantigen recognized by patients with anticentromere antibodies. The cloned sequences encode a polypeptide with an apparent molecular mass appropriate for CENP-B. This polypeptide and CENP-B share three non-overlapping epitopes. The first two are defined by monoclonal antibodies elicited by injection of cloned fusion protein. Epitope 1 corresponds to a major antigenic site recognized by the anticentromere autoantibody used to obtain the original clone. Epitope 2 is a novel one not recognized by the autoantibody. These epitopes were shown to be distinct both by competitive binding experiments and by their presence or absence on different subcloned portions of the fusion protein. The third independent epitope, recognized by a subset of anticentromere-positive patient sera, maps to a region substantially closer to the amino terminus of the fusion protein. DNA and RNA blot analyses indicate that CENP-B is unrelated to CENP-C, a 140-kD centromere antigen also recognized by these antisera. CENP-B is the product of a 2.9-kb mRNA that is encoded by a single genetic locus. This mRNA is far too short to encode a polypeptide the size of CENP-C. The carboxy terminus of CENP-B contains two long domains comprised almost entirely of glutamic and aspartic acid residues. These domains may be responsible for anomalous migration of CENP-B on SDS-polyacrylamide gels, since the true molecular mass of CENP-B is approximately 65 kD, 15 kD less than the apparent molecular mass deduced from gel electrophoresis. Quite unexpectedly, immunofluorescence analysis using antibodies specific for CENP-B reveals that the levels of antigen vary widely between chromosomes.     

CENP—B的基因表达与细胞周期关系的研究

本文以HeLa细胞为材料研究一种着丝粒蛋白CENP-B的基因表达与细胞周期及细胞核骨架的关系。将HeLa细胞同步在不同周期时相,以流式细胞光度术、同位素掺入和ACA着丝粒染色等方法检测细胞同步化效果。我们分别提取了各周期时相细胞的总RNA和Poly(A)~ RNA,用Dot blot和Northern blot杂交方法研究CENP-B在细胞周期中的表达。结果表明,CENP-B基因在细胞周期中的各个时相均有表达,但表达的强度差别很大:G2期表达最强,S期最弱,G1期中的表达介于二者之间;有意义的是CENP-B基因在M期仍然有较强的表达,表现出其在细胞周期中表达的持续性;这种表达的持续性反映了一种可能性:着丝粒、动粒蛋白不断合成,但直到S期后进入G2期时着丝粒、动粒蛋白到一定临界浓度时才开始组装新的动粒。另外,着丝粒、动粒蛋白的持续合成对着丝粒、动粒功能的发挥可能是必需的。用Bam H I限制性内切酶消化处于不同细胞周期时相的HeLa细胞核骨架,提取与核骨架紧密结合的DNA,用~(32)P标记的cDNA为探针研究CENP-B基因与细胞核骨架的结合与其表达的关系。结果证明,在G2期细胞中CENP-B基因表达最强,与细胞核骨架结合最为紧密,G1期细胞中次之,S期中CENP-B基因与核骨架结合最弱,说明CENP-B基因与细胞核骨架结合的紧密度影响其表达强度。     

涡鞭毛虫（甲藻）着丝粒／动粒蛋白的检查

利用ＡＣＡ血清、抗人着丝粒蛋白Ｂ的单抗和多抗、抗ＣＨＯ细胞动粒蛋白的单抗,对典型涡鞭毛虫隐沟虫（隐甲藻）（Ｃｒｙｐｔｈｅｃｏｄｉｎｉｕｍｃｏｈｎｉｉ）和特殊涡鞭毛虫尖尾虫（尖尾藻）（Ｏｘｙｒｒｈｉｓｍａｒｉｎａ）的着丝粒／动粒蛋白进行了检查。用ＡＣＡ血清作的荧光观察表明,隐沟虫的这些蛋白虽结合在核骨架上,但在间期时并不形成点状的前着丝粒。免疫印迹检查表明两种涡鞭毛虫的着丝粒蛋白Ｂ彼此一致,而且与四膜虫和眼虫的也高度一致。但用ＡＣＡ血清作免疫印迹检查时,尖尾虫的蛋白虽与四膜虫和眼虫的相近,与隐沟虫的却有极大的差异。以抗动粒蛋白的单抗作此种检查时,尖尾虫与眼虫的反应带相同,而隐沟虫则与源真核生物（Ａｒｃｈｅｚｏａ）贾第虫（Ｇｉａｒｄｉａｌａｍｂｌｉａ）的相同;而且隐沟虫和贾第虫都与几种原细菌有两条相同的反应带,其中５０ｋＤ的一条是尖尾虫和眼虫都没有的。上述发现不仅从一个新的方面支持了认为应把尖尾虫从典型涡鞭毛虫分出来独立为一个门的主张（李靖炎,１９９０）,而且指出典型涡鞭毛虫在后真核生物（Ｍｅｔａｋａｒｙｏｔａ）中间是非常原始的。     

兰州百合精细胞表膜上存在被牛精子抗体识别的抗原决定簇

以兔抗牛精子 Ig G为一抗 ,对植物精细胞蛋白进行 Western blot分析 ,发现兰州百合 (Liliumdavidii Duch.)精细胞和生殖细胞中各有一分子量为 64k D的蛋白显示阳性反应 ;在玉米 (Zea mays)精细胞蛋白中也发现了阳性反应条带 ,其分子量为 65 k D和 2 2 k D;而兰州百合花丝、花药壁和玉米黄化苗的蛋白中均没有阳性条带。用兔抗牛精子 Ig G对兰州百合精细胞进行间接免疫荧光标记 ,结果表明在兰州百合精细胞表面 ,有兔抗牛精子 Ig G的识别位点。根据以上结果 ,作者认为植物精细胞中有与动物精子相同或相似的抗原决定簇 ,它 (们 )主要分布于精细胞表膜上 ,并为精细胞所特有     

Low molecular weight silk proteins in Galleria mellonella

Galleria cocoon proteins have been extracted by different solubilizing agents. Nine protein bands were observed by gel electrophoresis, with molecular weights ranging from 18 to 420 kD. Three silk proteins of 24, 29 and 30 kD were extracted only in the presence of β-mercaptoethanol, suggesting that they are covalently linked by disulfide bonds to the large fibroin. They are likely to be the products of the highly abundant mRNA of the posterior silk gland cells. In vitro translation analysis of this mRNA yielded 24, 29 and 30 kD proteins. Thus, as in Bombyx, the Galleria silk is composed of several subunits, including fibroin and low molecular weight polypeptides. However, the genes coding for fibroin or low molecular weight silk proteins in Bombyx and Galleria do not show nucleotide base homology.