共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 341 毫秒
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2021年美国科学家戴维·朱利叶斯(David Julius)和阿登·帕塔普蒂安(Ardem Patapoutian)因“发现温度和触觉感受器”而获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖,该发现为信息科学(information science)在生理学及医学中的应用指引了新方向。信息科学是研究信息运动规律和应用方法的科学,其中计算机大数据、数学建模模型具有来源多样、数据量增长快和高频等特征,为生理学和医学研究提供了新的分析视野。本文梳理了生理学及医学领域数据信息的提取步骤,比较了传统机器学习、深度学习、推荐系统和传统统计学方法的实现原理和技术特点,探讨了未来的信息科学和生理学及医学相结合的研究方向,以揭示信息科学在生理学及医学中应用的基本方法和原理及其对科学发展的意义。 相似文献
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糖尿病在当今世界上还是一个医学难题,不少发达国家投入大量人力物力进行药物研究,但至今仍未取得理想的效果。建立在博大精深的祖国医学化基础上的国家专利产品哈慈五行针,对此进行大胆的尝试和探索,初步取得了令人振奋的效果。 相似文献
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随着数字化医疗设备如CT、MR、DSA、DR在临床医学诊断中的大量采用,以及计算机技术在医院的广泛应用,医学影像数据正在里海量增长,现有的存储、图像处理及管理方式面临着巨大的挑战。网络医学图像库的出现,给医学图像库发展提供了条件和基础。而计算机网络的发展趋势是:开放、集成、高性能和智能化。它们渗透到网络自身、网络服务和网络应用的各个层次。基于医院现有影像数据系统,建立网络应用环境,来满足医学图像库发展的需要,为解决数字医学图像库所面临的问题提供一条很好的技术思路。 相似文献
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基因库(GenBank)的电子邮件检索 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
基因库(GenBank)是由美国国立卫生研究院、美国国立医学图书馆以及美国国家生物技术信息中心建立发行的,所有已知核酸和蛋白质序列及其文献和生物学注释的公共数据库。可以通过WW W 、FTP、E- m ail获取其中的数据,本文主要介绍了查询服务器的检索方法。 相似文献
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随着生物技术的进步,特别是以基因组、蛋白质组为标志的导致高通量实验数据产生的工作的开展,大量的实验数据在各个领域堆积拥塞,与领域内的知识的累计出现了极为不平衡的发展,因此,对这些数据的处理成为了学科发展的迫切需求。为了避免这些数据成为垃圾,数据库、统计学、信号处理、数据挖掘、知识管理、人工智能等多种技术被运用到医学生物学领域,使得医学生物信息学不再是医学、生物学和信息学、计算机科学的单纯交叉,而独立成为一门专业的学科,重点也由原来单纯的研究计算机信息技术在医学生物信息学中的延展和运用,转变到研究、发现、开发、创新适合医学生物学自身特点的新思想和新方法上来。本文对近年来心血管领域内医学生物信息发展和运用的情况进行了回顾和分析,并对该领域可能的发展方向做出判断。 相似文献
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目的开发一款辅助研究者设计比较医学动物实验方案和学习实验设计的应用软件。方法根据实验动物应用的"科学、伦理、经济"原则筛选比较医学动物实验技术资料,运用关系数据库架构原理分析和组织入选数据,通过解析比较医学动物实验规律和特点设计程序框架和模块,采用C++语言、MFC库进行面向用户的程序设计。结果建立了程序相关资源库和模型选择、实验动物、环境条件、实验步骤、方案输出5个功能模块,并完成整个软件测试。结论研发成功比较医学动物实验计算机辅助设计系统,该系统能够基于微型计算机为用户提供有效、易用的动物实验辅助设计和自助学习功能。 相似文献
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为了适应我国医学教育培养高素质创新人才的要求、提高本科生创新意识和综合能力,本研究对我校八年制医学生医学免疫学实验教学进行了系列探索与实践。经过5年的实践表明,我校医学免疫学实验教学改革已取得初步成效:优化了医学免疫学实验教学内容、初步探索出一套行之有效的实验室开放模式、建立了适合本科学生进行创新思维和综合训练的技术平台、建立并完善了实验教学质量保障体系。为国内高等医学院校建立医学免疫学实验教学模式提供了有价值的参考。 相似文献
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《International journal of bio-medical computing》1992,30(3-4):193-199
The concept of PACS has evolved from a central storage of medical images to a distributed data and image management system. The trend and evolution of the definition and design of PACS systems is described in this paper. Special emphasis on the concept of distributed and open architecture is given with a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. A hospital-wide PACS system designed based on a distributed architecture integrated with a Hospital Information System (HIS) at the University Hospital of Geneva is further described. 相似文献
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A general purpose computerized display and analysis system for image processing in nuclear medicine.
G Ram 《Computer programs in biomedicine》1979,10(3):245-260
In this work a general purpose image processor is described, which takes into account the special features and the various requirements for analysing images in nuclear medicine. A new approach for system structure involving encoding and representing medical images is given. This encoder, which is part of the image processor, is efficient especially for long-term storage and for certain pattern recognition in medical imaging. In this processor a statistical package is incorporated for collecting medical statistics using the acquired patient data. This information is used together with the encoder for an automated diagnostic system. 相似文献
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Diagnostic surgical pathology or tissue–based diagnosis still remains the most reliable and specific diagnostic medical procedure. The development of whole slide scanners permits the creation of virtual slides and to work on so-called virtual microscopes. In addition to interactive work on virtual slides approaches have been reported that introduce automated virtual microscopy, which is composed of several tools focusing on quite different tasks. These include evaluation of image quality and image standardization, analysis of potential useful thresholds for object detection and identification (segmentation), dynamic segmentation procedures, adjustable magnification to optimize feature extraction, and texture analysis including image transformation and evaluation of elementary primitives. Grid technology seems to possess all features to efficiently target and control the specific tasks of image information and detection in order to obtain a detailed and accurate diagnosis. Grid technology is based upon so-called nodes that are linked together and share certain communication rules in using open standards. Their number and functionality can vary according to the needs of a specific user at a given point in time. When implementing automated virtual microscopy with Grid technology, all of the five different Grid functions have to be taken into account, namely 1) computation services, 2) data services, 3) application services, 4) information services, and 5) knowledge services. Although all mandatory tools of automated virtual microscopy can be implemented in a closed or standardized open system, Grid technology offers a new dimension to acquire, detect, classify, and distribute medical image information, and to assure quality in tissue–based diagnosis. 相似文献
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《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2020,27(4):1169-1173
ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to explore the construction of a digital three-dimensional model of virtual technology that plays an auxiliary role in orthopedic treatment.MethodsThree fracture patients were selected, with no abnormality was observed in bone examination, no musculoskeletal disease in the past; and spiral CT scan of the spine and pelvis, upper limbs, and lower limbs was performed. The virtual technology was used to build a digital 3D model, mainly using the editing software Mimics10.0 software. In addition, the virtual three-dimensional model was verified by virtual surgery, data storage security, work efficiency of the model, model validity, three-dimensional characteristics of the model, the interaction mode of the model, and the data accuracy of the model were studied.ResultsThe digital 3D model was successfully established by Mimics10.0 software. The data fitting efficiency was very high. The data storage security of the 3D model was greatly improved compared with the 2D model, and the work efficiency was improved by at least 50%. There was also a significant change in the accuracy and interaction of data acquisition. Therefore, the detection of digital 3D model work through virtual surgery simulation fully demonstrated the positive auxiliary role of 3D model in orthopedic treatment.ConclusionThe digital 3D model based on Mimics10.0 software is efficient and accurate in obtaining data. It is very effective for subsequent adjuvant therapy in the field of orthopedics, reducing the probability of misdiagnosis by doctors, saving time and improving efficiency, reducing patient's physical pain and unnecessary economic expenses. 相似文献
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生物多样性研究工作急切需要一个建立在多源数据基础上的数字图书馆。基于虚拟用户社区的生物多样性数字图书馆除了在数据类型、存储需求、共享方式等方面具有一般数字图书馆的特点之外, 在数据挖掘和应用方面也有自己的一些特点。本文在对国内外数字图书馆调研和与生物多样性遗产图书馆(Biodiversity Heritage Library)及互联网档案(Internet Archive)项目的合作的基础上, 总结了各类数字图书馆中的数据类型, 对构建生物多样性数字图书馆相关的数据标准——Dublin Core和TaxonX作了简单介绍。然后设计了具有数据汇总、数据整理、转换和翻译以及数据对外服务三个模块的系统框架,提出了生物多样性数字图书馆的系统架构和功能,展示了已经实现的部分系统运行效果, 最后对今后在版权、全文识别、海量和扩展等方面的问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
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Mário C BarrosoJúnior Guilherme P Esteves Thiago P Nunes Lucia MG Silva Alvaro CD Faria Pedro L Melo 《Biomedical engineering online》2011,10(1):14
Introduction
A novel system that combines a compact mobile instrument and Internet communications is presented in this paper for remote evaluation of tremors. The system presents a high potential application in Parkinson's disease and connects to the Internet through a TCP/IP protocol. Tremor transduction is carried out by accelerometers, and the data processing, presentation and storage were obtained by a virtual instrument. The system supplies the peak frequency (fp), the amplitude (Afp) and power in this frequency (Pfp), the total power (Ptot), and the power in low (1-4 Hz) and high (4-7 Hz) frequencies (Plf and Phf, respectively). 相似文献18.
H. Asperger J.-P. Cieslik B. Alberter C. Kstler B. Polzer V. Müller K. Pantel S. Riethdorf A. Koch A. Hartkopf L. Wiesmüller W. Janni F. Schochter A. Franken D. Niederacher T. Fehm H. Neubauer 《Translational oncology》2021,14(8)
BackgroundLiquid Biopsy (LB) in the form of e.g., circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is a promising non-invasive approach to support current therapeutic cancer management. However, the proof of clinical utility of CTCs in informing therapeutic decision-making for e.g., breast cancer in clinical trials and associated translational research projects is facing the issues of low CTC positivity rates and low CTC numbers – even in the metastasized situation. To compensate for this dilemma, clinical CTC trials are designed as large multicenter endeavors with decentralized sample collection, processing and storage of products, making data management highly important to enable high-quality translational CTC research.AimIn the DETECT clinical CTC trials we aimed at developing a custom-made, browser-based virtual database to harmonize and organize both decentralized processing and storage of LB specimens and to enable the collection of clinically meaningful LB sample.MethodsViBiBa processes data from various sources, harmonizes the data and creates an easily searchable multilayered database.ResultsAn open-source virtual bio-banking web-application termed ViBiBa was created, which automatically processes data from multiple non-standardized sources. These data are automatically checked and merged into one centralized databank and are providing the opportunity to extract clinically relevant patient cohorts and CTC sample collections.SummaryViBiBa, which is a highly flexible tool that allows for decentralized sample storage of liquid biopsy specimens, facilitates a solution which promotes collaboration in a user-friendly, federalist and highly structured way. The source code is available under the MIT license from https://vibiba.com or https://github.com/asperciesl/ViBiBa 相似文献
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Josef Hanus Tomas Nosek Jiri Zahora Ales Bezrouk Vladimir Masin 《Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)》2013,29(1):83-90
We designed and evaluated an innovative computer-aided-learning environment based on the on-line integration of computer controlled medical diagnostic devices and a medical information system for use in the preclinical medical physics education of medical students. Our learning system simulates the actual clinical environment in a hospital or primary care unit. It uses a commercial medical information system for on-line storage and processing of clinical type data acquired during physics laboratory classes. Every student adopts two roles, the role of ‘patient’ and the role of ‘physician’. As a ‘physician’ the student operates the medical devices to clinically assess ‘patient’ colleagues and records all results in an electronic ‘patient’ record. We also introduced an innovative approach to the use of supportive education materials, based on the methods of adaptive e-learning. A survey of student feedback is included and statistically evaluated.The results from the student feedback confirm the positive response of the latter to this novel implementation of medical physics and informatics in preclinical education. This approach not only significantly improves learning of medical physics and informatics skills but has the added advantage that it facilitates students’ transition from preclinical to clinical subjects. 相似文献