姜黄素药物代谢动力学评价与抗卵巢癌药效作用模拟分析

为确定姜黄素药代动力学参数和抗卵巢癌药效机制,我们利用SwissADME、STITCH、DisGeNET、STRING、DAVID v 6.8等数据库分析药代动力学参数,预测抗卵巢癌靶基因,构建靶蛋白互作网络,分析关键靶点KEGG通路。发现姜黄素符合类药性五原则,有一定的胃肠吸收性,但不能通过血脑屏障,且非P-糖蛋白底物。姜黄素通过调控TP53、CASP3、EGFR、ERBB2、AKT1、MTOR、STAT3、MMP2、MMP9、HIF1A、PTGS2、CCND1等17个关键卵巢癌靶基因,通过调控肿瘤血管生成、肿瘤浸润转移、肿瘤细胞凋亡、肿瘤免疫、雌激素通路、肿瘤细胞增殖发展等6大类16条信号通路,发挥多途径抗卵巢癌的药理作用。     

浅析中药制剂不良反应与预防措施

目的:分析中药制剂不良反应产生的原因,并提出具针对性的预防措施,旨在提高临床用药的合理性、安全性及有效性。方法:回顾性分析2010年至2014年我院门诊及住院部所上报的260例出现中药制剂不良反应的情况。结果:通过分析发现,女性患者出现中药制剂不良反应的概率明显高于男性,年龄高于60岁的老年患者及0-12岁的儿童患者出现中药制剂不良反应者居多。采取静脉滴注方式给药更易产生中药制剂不良反应。在药品种类方面出现不良反应的药物多为活血化瘀类、清热解毒类、抗肿瘤类及补益类,且其中居首位的为活血化瘀类。结论:导致患者对中药制剂产生不良反应的原因有很多,其不但包括患者本身的因素,而且还包括药品的问题,同时药品的使用方法也会对其产生一定影响,因此在临床使用时应加大对中药制剂不良反应的监控力度,及时发现问题并将其上报,以尽量提高临床中药制剂使用的安全性及有效性。     

抗多药耐药靶点及相关药物的研究进展

抗多药耐药是指在疾病的治疗过程中,细胞对多种药物产生广泛的耐受,导致治疗效果不理想的现象。多药耐药多发于感染与肿瘤疾病的治疗中,已成为治愈这2 类疾病的主要障碍。从转运蛋白和离子通道、酶以及核糖体这3 个方面综述抗多药耐药靶点的机制及相关药物的研究进展,旨在为抗多药耐药药物的研发提供参考。     

山茱萸化学成分、生物活性、复方应用及质量控制研究进展

山茱萸Cornus officinalis是一种重要的中药资源,中药的开发利用在天然产物的研究领域占据了重要的地位。山茱萸主要包括环烯醚萜、鞣质、黄酮、三萜、芳香酚酸、挥发油类等化学成分。现代研究表明,山茱萸具有肝肾保护,抗糖尿病,抗氧化,抗衰老,神经保护,抗肿瘤活性和调节毛发生长等生物活性。此外,含山茱萸的复方临床多用于补虚药和收涩药,且其质量控制分析方法多涉及为高效液相色谱法(HPLC)、液质联用(LC-MS)、气质联用(GC-MS)、电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)。经查阅近40年国内外文献,对山茱萸化学成分、生物活性、复方应用及质量控制进行综述,为该药用植物进一步深入开发与应用提供参考依据。     

蓖麻植物化学成分及生物活性研究进展CSCD

蓖麻(Ricinus communis L.)为大戟科蓖麻属植物,其整株可作为传统中药和民族药使用,具有治疗跌打损伤、泻下通滞和消肿拔毒等功效。化学研究表明,蓖麻具有多种化学成分,类型涉及萜类、甾醇类、黄酮类、脂肪酸类、生育酚类、生物碱类、酚酸类和香豆素类,而且提取物及单体成分具有广泛的药理活性,包括抗肿瘤、抗糖尿病、抗氧化、消炎镇痛、抗生育、神经抑制、抑菌和杀虫等。本文旨在综述蓖麻的化学成分和生物药理活性,以期为蓖麻的后续研究和综合开发利用提供科学依据。     

共生菌与卵巢癌相关研究进展CSCD

卵巢癌是女性生殖系统常见的恶性肿瘤之一,病死率居女性生殖系统恶性肿瘤之首。卵巢癌治疗后的复发和耐药是临床难以攻克的关键问题。近年来,多项研究发现体内共生菌的变化和卵巢癌的发生发展密切相关。女性内生殖器和肠道共生菌的改变可能导致卵巢癌的易感性或发展,而卵巢癌的进展又可能反过来影响内生殖器各部位菌群的组成。另外,共生菌对卵巢癌相关化疗药物的抗肿瘤疗效也有重要影响。一方面,部分共生菌与化疗药物联合使用,可增强药物的疗效;另一方面,共生菌的存在可能促进肿瘤的耐药。本文就女性内生殖器和共生菌的改变与卵巢癌的关系以及共生菌对卵巢癌相关化疗药物抗肿瘤疗效的影响进行综述,以期对卵巢癌的筛查、治疗和预防提供新的思路。     

中药炭药的临床应用及作用机理研究

制炭是将净药材用武火炒至表面焦黑,内部焦黄的一种中药炮制方法.不同的中药炒炭标准略有差异,炒制程度不同,药效不同.本文从炭药的临床应用、中药炒炭前后药性和功效的改变、制炭对中药品质的影响以及与炭药药效作用相关的作用机理研究等角度,分析和总结了炒炭类中药的研究现状,探讨了炒炭类中药的发展思路,为指导炭药在临床上的合理应用,建立炒炭类中药规范的炮制工艺、科学完善的检验标准提供参考.     

中药药理学综合性实验设计的探索与实践

目的:探索中药药理学综合性实验的设计与开发,提高中药药理学实验教学水平。方法:以人参为受试药物进行促进免疫功能检测实验及抗应激能力检测实验,从而建立补虚药综合性实验项目。结果:人参促进免疫及提高抗应激能力实验适于补虚药综合性实验的开发与应用。结论:中药药理综合性实验的开发与应用可促进中药药理教学效果的进一步提升。     

常用清热解毒类中药抗儿童呼吸道病毒感染的作用机制研究进展

历代医者多以具有清解火热毒邪作用的清热解毒类中药对儿童呼吸道病毒感染引起的热证进行辨证施治,具有显著成效。儿童群体由于机体各系统发育不足,更加易受病毒侵袭而致病,并对用药的安全性要求更高。中药凭借其天然的安全性和有效性在儿童抗病毒感染用药中占据优势。然而,由于活性成分的复杂性及其发挥作用方式的多样性,中药及其有效成分的作用机制有待进一步研究和完善。本文选取了儿科呼吸道病毒感染治疗中常用的六种清热解毒类中药,对其抗呼吸道病毒的作用及相关机制研究进展进行综述,为进一步开展中药抗病毒研究提供基础,并推动中药在儿科抗呼吸道病毒感染中的推广和应用。     

麦冬皂苷药理作用研究进展

麦冬作为一种滋阴药,在传统中药中占有重要地位。随着对麦冬研究的不断深入,其主要有效成分皂苷类的药理活性也不断被发现。综述近年来麦冬皂苷在抗心脑血管疾病、抗衰老、改善学习记忆障碍、抗肿瘤、抗辐射、抗炎、免疫调节、镇咳、改善肝肺病理性损伤等方面的药理作用研究进展,以期为今后对麦冬及其皂苷类活性成分的深入研究和开发利用提供参考。     

肿瘤干细胞与卵巢癌研究进展

近年来,肿瘤干细胞学说作为肿瘤发生发展的重要原因获得越来越多的认可。肿瘤干细胞是指肿瘤中存在的含量极少、具有无限增殖潜能的干细胞样肿瘤细胞,它们能自我更新、分化、迁徙,是导致肿瘤发生、发展、转移和耐药的重要原因。卵巢癌也可能是卵巢癌干细胞所致的疾病。卵巢癌干细胞的分离鉴定正处于起始阶段,针对卵巢癌干细胞的靶向治疗可能在卵巢癌治疗中具有重要作用,为临床彻底治愈卵巢癌带来希望。     

Research on the establishment of chronic stress‐induced premature ovarian failure the rat model and effects of Chinese medicine Muniziqi treatment

The purposes of this study were to establish and to explore the biological basis of the chronic stress‐induced premature ovarian failure (POF) model and to explore the therapeutic effects of the traditional Chinese medicine Muniziqi. Sexually matured female Sprague–Dawley rats were fed with spinach and cilantro in cold and wet conditions for about 20 weeks until a chronic stress (CS) model was established. The CS rats were divided into a POF stress model group and a stress model group according to weekly biological characteristics and hormone level detection ( luteinizing hormone [LH], follicle stimulating hormone [FSH], and estrogen [E2]). To investigate the therapeutic effect of Muniziqi, the POF disease stress model group was divided into the high‐, medium‐, and low‐drug intervention groups. The results showed that chronic stresses (special food, cold, damp) can lead to POF disease. The traditional Chinese medicine Muniziqi could not only improve the reproductive hormone level disorder, but also improve the function of the hypothalamus–pituitary–ovarian axis. The underlying mechanism may be a change in the E2, LH, and FSH hormone levels in serum and lower expression of ovarian premature aging‐related protein PFN‐1.     

Potential effets of ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba,L.) on female reproduction

This minireview will briefly outline the basic knowledge concerning the provenance, biological active constituents of ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba, L.) and its general health effects. Ginkgo has been shown to affect female reproductive functions: it can affect ovarian folliculo- and oogenesis, embryogenesis, promote ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis, reduce their proliferation and the release of ovarian hormones. Usually, ginkgo extract mainly suppresses, but its constituents like amifostine, leuprorelin, quercetin and kaempherol can promote ovarian functions. This may indicate the existence of anti-reproductive ginkgo constituent(s), such as ginkgolide B and allopregnenolone which, like ginkgo extract, can promote ovarian cell apoptosis and suppress ovarian follicullogenesis and oogenesis. Ginkgo effects could be mediated by an action on brain functions, ovarian steroidogenesis, oxidative processes, intracellular regulators of ovarian cell proliferation and apoptosis and GABA receptors. Ginkgo and its molecules, ginkgolide B and allopregnenolone can be useful for prevention and treatment of reproduction-related disorders like ovarian cancer, ovarian ischemia and menopausal syndrome. On the other hand, its constituents amifostine, leuprorelin, quercetin and kaempherol could be potentially applicable as biostimulators of female reproductive processes in human and veterinary medicine and animal production. Nevertheless, application of ginkgo is still limited by insufficient or contradictory knowledge concerning its active constituents, characters, targets and mediators of its action and their functional interrelationships. Impact of ginkgo action on reproductive organs other than ovaries remains largely unknown. Addressing these issues with proper animal and clinical studies could help to understand the distinct efficacy and consequences of medical application of ginkgo.     

Lysophosphatidic acid and its role in reproduction

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) belongs to a new family of lipid mediators that are endogenous growth factors and that elicit diverse biological effects, usually via the activation of G protein-coupled receptors. LPA can be generated after cell activation through the hydrolysis of preexisting phospholipids in the membranes of stimulated cells. A dramatic elevation of LPA levels was found in serum of patients suffering from ovarian carcinoma. Because these high LPA amounts can be detected as early as stage I of the disease, LPA has been introduced as a new marker for ovarian cancer. Progression of the malignancy is correlated with a differential expression of various LPA receptor subtypes. The presence of LPA in the follicular fluid of healthy individuals implicates that this biological mediator may be relevant to normal ovarian physiology. LPA induces proliferation and mitogenic signaling of prostate cancer cells, and a novel LPA receptor isoform has been recognized in healthy prostate tissues. This evidence indicates multiple roles for LPA in both male and female reproductive physiology and pathology. In this review, we summarize the literature on LPA generation, the way it is degraded, and the mechanisms by which signals are transduced by various LPA receptors in reproductive tissues, and we discuss possible future research directions in these areas.     

48 例卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿患者中药辅以超声介入治疗观察

目的:探讨中药辅以超声介入法对卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的治疗效果.方法:选取2007年至2008年来我院就诊的卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿患者48例,采用中药辅以超声介入治疗方法进行治疗,作为实验组;选取同期在我院接受手术治疗的45例卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿患者45例作为对照组,比较两组患者治疗后的情况.结果:两组患者治疗后在妊娠率及排卵率方面比较无显著差异P＞0.05;在复发率上,实验组复发率为6.3％,对照组高达33.3％,实验组2例患者进行再手术,而对照组14例患者进行再手术,两组间对比差异均显著P＜0.01.结论:对卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿患者采用中药辅以超声介入治疗方法进行治疗,复发率较低,有利于患者的术后恢复.     

现代生物医学科技前沿与中西医结合交叉

本文讨论了中医现代化和中西医结合的有关问题,指出中医现代化工作可分为三个方面：第一方面,应当培养大批临床上过硬的中医人才,在临床上有所突破,以此为基础进行理论研究;第二方面,将中医理论转换成现代语言;第三方面,中医与包括现代生物医学在内的多学科结合。阐述了现代生物医学科技前沿与中西医结合交叉而产生的新学科一光子中医学。指出光子中医学将为中西医结合提供理论和技术平台,成为多学科研究中医的代表性学科,并将成为中医现代化的一个重要方向,为人类卫生事业作出重大贡献。     

miR-145 promotes miR-133b expression through c-myc and DNMT3A-mediated methylation in ovarian cancer cells

Ovarian cancer presents as malignant tumors in the female reproductive system with high mortality. MicroRNAs are involved in the progression of ovarian cancer; however, the regulatory relationship among miRs remains unclear. In our study, we verified that both miR-145 and miR-133b messenger RNA (mRNA) levels in ovarian cancer tissues were lower than in normal ovarian tissues, and their mRNA level in serum of patients with ovarian cancer was reduced. We demonstrated miR-145 targeted c-myc, and c-myc interacted physically with DNMT3A in ovarian cancer cells. We confirmed that c-myc recruited DNMT3A to the miR-133b promoter. miR-133b overexpression also inhibited target gene PKM2 expression along with the Warburg effect. Our results indicate that miR-145 inhibited the Warburg effect through miR-133b/PKM2 pathways, which may improve approaches to ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment.     

Antibody-Targeted Liposomes to Deliver Doxorubicin to Ovarian Cancer Cells

Abstract

Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death in women with a gynecologic malignancy. The main reason for the high mortality is the late occurrence of symptoms, resulting in an advanced diseased state at the time of diagnosis. Since ovarian cancer remains confined to the peritoneal cavity virtually throughout its entire clinical course, this type of cancer is an attractive candidate for intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Local instillation of anticancer agents has been used with some success, although systemic absorption of drug, as well as local drug effects, can produce substantial toxicity. This contribution deals with the use of antibody-targeted liposomes (immunoliposomes) for the delivery of doxorubicin to ovarian cancer cells. After a brief discussion of pharmaceutical aspects of the preparation, characterization and stability of OV-17L3 immunoliposomes (anti-ovarian carcinoma Fab' liposomes), me in vitro and in vivo interaction between these specific immunoliposomes and ovarian carcinoma cells are described. A rapid, highly efficient and long-lasting adherence of i.p. administered specific immunoliposomes to i.p. located target cells was observed in a xenograft model of i.p. growing human ovarian carcinoma. However, our preliminary findings on the antitumor activity of doxorubicin-containing immunoliposomes in this xenograft model do not show a therapeutic advantage of specific immunoliposomes over nonspecific liposomes containing doxorubicin. The last part of the article is devoted to an evaluation of the results and discusses potential research directions in the near future.     

Kisspeptin在女性生殖内分泌和辅助生殖技术中的研究进展

近年来研究显示,kisspeptin在大脑的性别分化、性激素正负反馈调节、青春期始动以及机体能量信号转导等生理过程中起到重要作用,表明kisspeptin可能是女性生殖功能成熟及调控的一个关键性信号因子。除下丘脑分泌的kisspeptin之外,生殖器官局部表达的kisspeptin在机体正常生殖过程中的作用也不断得到证实。研究表明,很多生殖内分泌疾病,如单纯性促性腺激素分泌不足的性腺机能减退症(isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, IHH)、多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome, PCOS)、卵巢早衰(premature ovarian failure, POF)、病理性高泌乳素血症等,都与kisspeptin的异常表达有关。通过给予外源性kisspeptin可解决辅助生殖技术应用中的一些问题。本文主要就kisspeptin在女性生殖内分泌尤其是在辅助生殖领域研究中所取得的进展进行论述。     

中药治疗运动性贫血的研究进展

传统中医药在运动医学领域中运用越来越广泛,利用中医药防治运动性贫血的报道也有不少。本文将近年来运用中药治疗运动性贫血的文献进行整理,就其作用机制进行了综述,并对今后的发展方向提出了自己的观点。