发酵茯苓菌丝体和天然茯苓多糖的研究

本文对发酵茯苓菌丝体和天然茯苓中多糖的提取分离进行了研究,并分别测定了二者总多糖的提取率及总糖的平均含量。发酵茯苓菌丝体和天然茯苓中总多糖的提取率分别为24.47%和82.93%;发酵茯苓菌丝体和天然茯苓总糖的平均含量分别为45.17%和87.24%。     

液体发酵茯苓胞外多糖的体外降糖效果研究

为探究液体发酵茯苓胞外多糖的体外降糖效果,本研究以高胰岛素抵抗HepG2细胞为受试对象,分析了不同浓度的茯苓胞外多糖对葡萄糖消耗、细胞增殖和糖原合成的影响,并考察了茯苓胞外多糖对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性。研究结果显示,茯苓胞外多糖可显著促进高胰岛素抵抗HepG2细胞的葡萄糖消耗(p0.05),并加速其糖原合成,但对其细胞增殖无抑制活性;此外,茯苓胞外多糖在终浓度高于2.5μg/mL时还可表现出显著的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性,最大抑制率可达29.51%。研究表明,液体发酵茯苓胞外多糖具有非常好的体外降糖效果。     

茯苓菌种液体深层发酵条件优化

采用茯苓9号茵株,通过单因素实验和正交优化实验对其液体发酵条件进行优化。结果表明,液体发酵最佳培养基为:葡萄糖30 g,酵母浸膏4 g,蛋白胨5 g,KH_2PO_41 g,MgSO_40.5 g,维生素B_1 7.5 mg,水1 L。在常温、150 r/min时,菌种最佳液体发酵条件为:培养基初始pH为5.5、培养天数为8 d、装瓶量为70 mL/250 mL锥形瓶、接种量为7%时,可得到较好茵丝增重量,最大茵丝干重可达5.004 g/L。     

16种茯苓菌株液体发酵产胞内多糖与三萜的比较研究

筛选茯苓高产胞内多糖和胞内三萜的优良液体发酵出发菌株。采用PDA富集固体平板培养与液体发酵培养测定菌丝体生长速率;采用液体发酵策略分析16种茯苓菌株产胞内多糖与胞内三萜的潜能。实验结果表明菌株生长于固体培养基与种子培养基的生长速率之间没有关联性;降低一级种子培养基初始pH值到4.0时能有效缓解茯苓菌株培养物褐化现象;AS5.137胞内多糖含量最高,达377.60±0.10 mg/g,而DB菌株显示出最高的胞内多糖产量,达1.01±0.13 g/L;Y1菌株胞内三萜含量最高,达83.89±4.28 mg/g,而Jingzhou28菌株胞内三萜产量最高,达136.63±26.66 mg/L。就生产茯苓胞内多糖与胞内三萜而言,AS5.137与DB菌株适合作为液体发酵产胞内多糖的出发菌株;Y1,Jingzhou28,Z(z)与Xingpinzhong菌株均较适合作为液体发酵产胞内三萜的出发菌株。     

茯苓生物学研究和菌核栽培现状及展望

茯苓Wolfiporia cocos是我国药食两用的传统中药,本文对茯苓的分类地位、交配型、生活史、遗传育种、菌核栽培以及组学相关研究进展进行了总结,对有关专利进行了分析。以研究及生产现状为基础,分析了茯苓在基础生物学方面研究的不足、菌核栽培中存在的相关问题,重点分析了交配型研究、子实体诱导形成和生活史研究等重要方面,并对未来茯苓生物学研究和科学栽培进行了展望。     

茯苓多糖在治疗肿瘤方面的临床研究进展

茯苓在药物化学、药理学、临床应用等方面有很高的使用价值。本文主要论述了茯苓药用的主要化学成分,在抗肿瘤和增强免疫力方面的作用,并对茯苓的前景进行了展望,为茯苓的进一步开发提供依据。     

茯苓基本生物学特性研究

以11个不同来源的茯苓菌株为材料,研究了茯苓菌丝体、子实体和担孢子的形态特征及适宜的生长、发育条件。结果表明,茯苓菌丝体为少分枝、有隔膜、无锁状联合的多核菌丝,茯苓担孢子核相以双核为主,双核孢子,单核孢子和无核孢子分别占87.2%,4.7%和8.1%。配对试验结果表明,同一菌株及不同菌株原生质体分离株间的配对均能融洽生长,同一菌株担孢子间的配对均产生拮抗线,但其中有少数配对在交接区形成扇形区域,拮抗线随后消失,而不同菌株担孢子间的配对则全部形成稳定的栅栏型菌落,暗示茯苓担孢子中的两个细胞核是具遗传互补性,能形成独立个体的异双核,茯苓可能是一种次级同宗结合菌。     

霍山石斛与河南石斛生药学特征比较研究

在植物分类学方法鉴定的基础上,对霍山石斛及其主要伪品河南石斛药材的性状特征,根、茎、叶横切面显微特征,粉末显微特征和粉末中细胞内含物进行了研究,明确了霍山石斛药用部位的性状特征及显微特征,为霍山石斛药材和饮片的真伪鉴别提供参考依据,为该药材的进一步研究、开发、利用及质量标准的构建提供理论依据。     

菌物药竹黄与植物药天竺黄的鉴别方法研究

为鉴别竹黄与天竺黄对菌物药竹黄与植物药天竺黄进行了性状、显微和理化鉴定方法研究。2味药在性状上差异较大;在显微鉴定中,观察了竹黄的显微结构及粉末特征,天竺黄粉末为不规则透明片状物;微量升华试验竹黄粉末随温度升高得到不同形态的结晶,而天竺黄粉末无升华物;竹黄遇KOH变为翠绿色,天竺黄则不变色;用酚酞及甲酚红试剂分别对不同来源的天竺黄进行显色反应,均显2种不同颜色。     

茯苓菌丝发酵液粗多糖对肠道益生菌的影响

目的探究茯苓菌丝发酵液中提取的粗多糖对肠道益生菌的影响。方法运用发酵工程相关技术获得茯苓菌丝发酵液,提纯分离以获取茯苓菌丝中分泌的粗多糖。将提取出的茯苓粗多糖以10.0%、5.0%、2.5%和空白对照(0.0%)的浓度对4种肠道益生菌——嗜酸乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、乳杆菌MZ900、青春双歧杆菌的生长进行观察。结果在茯苓粗多糖含量10.0%以下的范围内,10.0%、5.0%、2.5%浓度下肠道益生菌数量均高于对照组,并且随着茯苓发酵液粗多糖浓度的含量增加,4种肠道益生菌数量呈正相关增长。结论茯苓菌丝发酵液粗多糖对以上4种肠道益生菌有增菌效果。实验结果为茯苓菌丝发酵液粗多糖有保护人类肠道的作用提供理论依据,并为后续的生化研究与动物实验提供理论基础。     

Evaluating the basidiomycetes Poria medula-panis and Wolfiporia cocos for xylanase production

Xylanase, oxidative enzymes and iron-binding compounds were detected in the filtrates of Wolfiporia cocos and Poria medula-panis grown in wheat bran liquid medium. Xylanase and iron-binding compounds were produced at high levels by the brown-rot fungus (BR) W. cocos and at low levels by the white-rot fungus (WR) P. medula-panis. Phenoloxidase was produced only by P. medula-panis. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) (SDS-PAGE) showed a wide variety of bands for extracellular proteins produced by W.cocos, with low molecular weight (<30 kDa) and minor bands with molecular weight above 45 kDa. Two bands with xylanase activity derived from W. cocos extracts were detected in the gels, whereas many different bands with xylanase activity were found in the extracts from P. medula-panis. P. medula-panis is a selective lignin degrader, whereas W. cocos preferentially removes cellulose from wood.     

Nematicidal activity and chemical component of Poria cocos

Poria cocos, a famous traditional Chinese medicine, was found to have nematicidal activity in experiments searching for nematicidal fungi. The experiment showed it could kill 94.9% of the saprophytic nematode, Panagrellus redivivue, 92.6% of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne arenaria, and 93.5% of the pine nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, on PDA plate within 12 hours. According to the nematicidal activity, three new compounds, 2, 4, 6-triacetylenic octane diacid, 2, 4, 5, 6-tetrahydroxyhexanoic acid and 3, 4-dihydroxy-2-keto-n-butyl 2,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyhexanate, were isolated from submerged cultures of Poria cocos. Of these, 2, 4, 6-triacetylenic octane diacid could kill 83.9% Meloidogyne arenaria and 73.4% Panagrellus redivivus at 500 ppm within 12 hours. Here, it is reported for the first time that Poria cocos has nematicidal activity.     

Antitumor activities of heteropolysaccharides of Poria cocos mycelia from different strains and culture media

Ten water-soluble heteropolysaccharide fractions were isolated from Poria cocos mycelia cultured from one wild and one cultivated strain in two identical culture media differing only in one component: either corn steep liquor or bran extract. The chemical compositions, including monosaccharide profile, protein content, and molecular mass M(w) of the mycelial polysaccharides were determined. Both the in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities of the heteropolysaccharides were evaluated and compared. The heteropolysaccharides from Poria cocos mycelia cultured with the wild strain in a medium containing corn steep liquor exhibited the highest antitumor activities against Sarcoma 180 in vivo.     

茯苓与凤尾菇目间原生质体融合研究初报

以无锁状联合的茯苓次级菌丝和具锁状联合的凤尾菇次级菌丝为亲本制备原生质体,以PEG为促融剂,在高钙、高pH条件下,将茯苓(或凤尾菇)原生质体热灭活,与凤尾菇(或茯苓)原生质体融合,从再生菌株中均能选择选择出能够再形成双核的单核菌株。栽培实验结果显示,单核菌株经诱导形成双核菌株后可以形成子实体或原基,若单核菌株不经诱导,则始终维持稳定的单核状态,且难以形成子实体。     

茯苓多糖抗氧化性研究

采用分光光度法研究了茯苓多糖提取物的体外抗氧化作用,并与Vc进行比较.结果表明其具有较强的抗氧化能力,在清除DPPH·的体系中和还原能力体系中,样品的清除能力均超过Vc,但在羟基自由基·OH和超氧阴离子O-2体系中,其清除能力低于对照样Vc.     

Structure and physicochemical properties of polysaccharides from Poria cocos extracted by deep eutectic solvent

Glycoconjugate Journal - Poria cocos, a famous traditional Chinese medicine and a well-known food or food supplement, has shown therapeutic potential against cancer and the uneasiness of the mind....     

Phytochemical and chemotaxonomic study of Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf

A new lanostane-type triterpene, 6α-hydroxy-dehydrotumulosic acid (1), together with 12 known compounds (2–13), was isolated and characterized from the sclerotium of Poria cocos. Their structures were confirmed by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic methods and by comparison with values previously reported in the literature. Compounds 11–13 were reported for the first time from Poria cocos. The chemotaxonomic significance of the isolated compounds was discussed.     

Screening of Korean herbal medicines used to improve cognitive function for anti-cholinesterase activity.

Methanolic extracts of seven herbs (Acorus calamus, Acorus gramineus, Bupleurm facaltum, Dioscorea batatas, Epimedium koreanum, Poria cocos and Zizyphi jujuba) used in traditional Korean medicine for improvement of memory and cognition in old age were tested for cholinesterase inhibitory properties using the Ellman colorimetric method. Significant inhibition of the enzyme at 200 microg/ml was observed for extracts from A. calamus and E. koreanum. The possible bases for the reputation of these and the other herbs tested are discussed in the light of previous investigations into their chemistry and biological activity.