菌物药竹黄与植物药天竺黄的鉴别方法研究

为鉴别竹黄与天竺黄对菌物药竹黄与植物药天竺黄进行了性状、显微和理化鉴定方法研究。2味药在性状上差异较大;在显微鉴定中,观察了竹黄的显微结构及粉末特征,天竺黄粉末为不规则透明片状物;微量升华试验竹黄粉末随温度升高得到不同形态的结晶,而天竺黄粉末无升华物;竹黄遇KOH变为翠绿色,天竺黄则不变色;用酚酞及甲酚红试剂分别对不同来源的天竺黄进行显色反应,均显2种不同颜色。

Identification Methods of Shiraia bambusicola from Medicinal Fungi and Concretio silicea bambusae from Medicinal Plants

The methods of macroscopical,microscopical,and physical and chemical character identification ofShiraia bambusicolaand Concretio silicea bambusae were studied.In the macroscopical identification,the differences between them were prominent.In the microscopical identification,the microscopical structure and powder characteristics of Shiraia bambusicolawere observed.The results showed that Concretio silicea bambusae powder was irregular transparent laminated object.With the increase of temperature,the crystals of different forms were collected from Shiraia bambusicola powder in the microsublimation.However,Concretio silicea bambusae powder did not have microsublimation.When reacting with potassium hydroxide,Shiraia bambusicolaturned to emerald but Concretio silicea bambusae did not change color.Tianzhuhuang turned to different colors when phenolphthalein and cresylic red were used.