茯苓基本生物学特性研究

以11个不同来源的茯苓菌株为材料,研究了茯苓菌丝体、子实体和担孢子的形态特征及适宜的生长、发育条件。结果表明,茯苓菌丝体为少分枝、有隔膜、无锁状联合的多核菌丝,茯苓担孢子核相以双核为主,双核孢子,单核孢子和无核孢子分别占87.2%,4.7%和8.1%。配对试验结果表明,同一菌株及不同菌株原生质体分离株间的配对均能融洽生长,同一菌株担孢子间的配对均产生拮抗线,但其中有少数配对在交接区形成扇形区域,拮抗线随后消失,而不同菌株担孢子间的配对则全部形成稳定的栅栏型菌落,暗示茯苓担孢子中的两个细胞核是具遗传互补性,能形成独立个体的异双核,茯苓可能是一种次级同宗结合菌。

Studies on basic biological characters of Wolfiporia cocos

Morphological characters, optimal growth and development conditions of mycelia, fruit bodies and spores of Wolfiporia cocos were observed. The mycelia of Wolfiporia cocos were confirmed as polykaryotic septate mycelia without clamp connection. The majority of spores were dikaryotic, and the ratio of dikaryotic spores, monokaryotic spores and nuclear-free spores was 87.2%, 4.7% and 8.1% respectively. In the mating test, protoplasts from the same strain or different strains grew harmoniously with each other, all matings of spores from the same strain generated antagonism lines, among them, the minority of matings formed flabelliform region in the junction and the antagonism line disappeared in a short time. All matings of spores between different strains generated barrages. On the basis of the result, it is supposed that the two nuclei in the spores of Wolfporia cocos are heterogeneous and complementary, a single spore could germinate and develop into an individual. Wolfiporia cocos is likely to be a secondary homothallism fungus.