大肠杆菌YggG与结合蛋白Era的相互作用研究

Era是细菌生长必须的一高度保守的GTPase。yggG是从大肠杆菌全基因组文库中钓取并克隆的Era结合蛋白基因,进一步的研究表明该基因在大肠杆菌中的表达与环境应激相关,提示yggG基因产物参与细菌的应激调控。为了阐明YggG蛋白与Era蛋白间的相互关系,利用所构建的双启动子表达载体pDH2-YggG-Ptac-Era在同一细胞中同时表达YggG与Era蛋白,并通过免疫共沉淀实验检测细菌裂解产物YggG与Era蛋白间的相互作用;在此基础上,构建并表达纯化了GST融合的Era蛋白氨基端截短肽和Era羧基端截短肽,通过GST Pull-down检测了Era不同功能区域与YggG蛋白间的相互作用。结果显示, Era/YggG 复合物仅存在于同时过表达Era和YggG蛋白的细菌细胞内,不诱导Era或者不诱导YggG蛋白过表达,均检测不到Era/YggG 复合物存在;纯化的GST不能Pull-down YggG蛋白,而纯化的GST融合的Era蛋白、Era氨基端截短肽及Era羧基端截短肽均可以Pull-down YggG蛋白;GST融合Era氨基端截短肽和GST融合的Era蛋白对YggG蛋白结合作用明显高于GST融合的Era蛋白羧基端截短肽。上述结果说明,YggG是一大肠杆菌Era结合蛋白,YggG与Era的氨基端和羧基端的结合活性存在差异。     

era因的高表达

为了高表达产生Era蛋白,借助计算机从Gene Bank中寻找N端几个氨基酸序列与Era相同的蛋白质,选其中能在大肠杆菌内高表达的λEa8．5蛋白,以其基因5’端序列替代天然ern基因5’端序列,从而赋予era基因转录物以强的翻译起始信号,而不改变其编码的氨基酸序列。将此重组era基因置于PL启动子下游、构建得质粒pCE3l,引入大肠杆菌TAPl06,经诱导后大量合成Era蛋白,且其他蛋白质的合成显著被抑制,从而使Era的含量能超过菌体总蛋白量的80％。经简单裂菌、洗涤步骤,就获得具有能特异结合鸟苷酸活性的、电泳单带纯的：Era蛋白。     

利用cryparin基因的启动子构建板栗疫病菌高效表达载体

低毒病毒/板栗疫病菌是研究植物病原菌致病机理和病毒与宿主相互作用的一个优秀模式系统.本研究克隆了板栗疫病菌转录水平最高的cryparin基因的启动子,并构建了由该启动子控制的表达载体.构建的载体能成功表达GFP蛋白.利用该载体表达积累量较高的CHV1-Euro7病毒的病毒量控制基因,能提高细胞内CHV1-EP721的积累量,反式互补效率从常用的gpd启动子控制的低于10%提高至67%和80%.高效表达载体的成功构建,为研究板栗疫病菌功能基因以及低毒病毒与宿主板栗疫病菌的相互作用提供了新的工具.     

变形链球菌F-ATPase启动子荧光蛋白载体的构建及表达

目的构建由质子移位膜ATP酶(membrane-bound proton-translocating ATPase,F-ATPase)启动子启动的绿色荧光蛋白报告基因穿梭表达载体,观察其在大肠埃希菌中的表达同时鉴定表达产物。方法以变形链球菌(UA159)基因组为模板,扩增F-ATPase启动子片段,构建由F-ATPase启动子启动的绿色荧光表达载体pFgfp,酶切F-ATPase启动子及绿色荧光蛋白编码基因,连接到穿梭质粒pDL276,构建重组载体pLFgfp。结果重组质粒pLFgfp酶切及基因序列分析证实目的片段成功插入,重组载体转化后的大肠埃希菌有绿色荧光蛋白的表达,并能随着细菌传代继续表达。结论 F-ATPase启动子启动的绿色荧光蛋白穿梭表达载体pLFgfp构建成功,为研究生物膜环境中耐酸菌F-ATPase毒力因子的表达奠定基础。     

绿色荧光蛋白基因原核表达载体的构建及其在昆虫肠道短短芽孢杆菌和苏云金芽孢杆菌中的表达

【目的】构建带有苏云金芽孢杆菌cry3a基因非芽孢依赖启动子和绿色荧光蛋白基因gfp(Green Fluorescent Protein)的原核表达载体,并转化从桑粒肩天牛幼虫肠道分离的两株常驻细菌短短芽孢杆菌CQUBb和苏云金芽孢杆菌CQUBt,以检测cry3a启动子在昆虫肠道常驻菌中的启动子活性,获得GFP标记菌株,为常驻菌在昆虫幼虫肠道中的定殖情况和杀虫工程菌的构建奠定基础。【方法】采用重叠延伸PCR将cry3a基因启动子和gfp基因进行融合,并与pHT304载体连接构建重组质粒pHT3AG,获得的重组质粒以电脉冲转化肠道常驻菌短短芽孢杆菌CQUBb和苏云金芽孢杆菌CQUBt,于可见光和荧光显微镜下观察荧光并通过SDS-PAGE分析重组菌株的蛋白表达情况,然后对重组菌株进行生长动力学分析和稳定性测试。【结果】重组菌在营养期大量组成型表达GFP,经电泳分离在凝胶上出现约29kDa的特异蛋白条带;重组菌生长曲线与出发菌没有显著差异,说明外源质粒未对宿主菌的生长带来明显不利影响;抗性条件下传代30次后两菌株外源质粒稳定性仍可达95%、67%;两个菌株比较,CQUBb比CQUBt质粒转化率高、重组菌GFP表达时间长、表达量大,并且重组菌株稳定性好。【结论】成功地将cry3a基因核心启动子和gfp基因转入桑粒肩天牛幼虫肠道常驻菌,实现了该启动子在Bt之外的菌株中发挥作用,构建了两个GFP标记菌株;重组基因工程菌株表达量大,稳定性好,可以用作昆虫肠道内微生态研究和芽孢杆菌表达系统以及杀虫菌株的构建。     

粗糙脉孢菌蛋白表达系统构建研究北大核心CSCD

旨在将模式丝状真菌粗糙脉孢菌(Neurospora crassa)构建为蛋白质表达系统。通过真菌杂交技术构建出粗糙脉孢菌六突变缺失菌株LQ-1(Δ3βG∷Δ2cbh∷Δhis3)作为蛋白表达宿主菌株。该宿主菌株可以用纤维二糖作为诱导物诱导纤维素酶启动子表达,同时又消除了葡萄糖苷酶蛋白的背景条带,有利于目标蛋白表达纯化。构建了分别含有粗糙脉孢菌自身强启动子(Pcbh-1、Pcbh-2和Ptef-1)的3个新的高效表达载体,该载体带有融合标签蛋白tev-6×his-gfp,能高效方便的筛选阳性转化子,有利于后续目标蛋白纯化。以纤维素酶GH3-4和CBH-1为例,通过重组表达菌株纤维二糖诱导发酵液进行酶活测定、SDS-PAGE电泳分析和Western blotting检测显示,重组蛋白GH3-4-GFP和CBH-1-GFP成功进行了表达和分泌,分泌水平分别为2.77和2.83 mg/L。Pcbh-1启动子重组蛋白表达水平最高,说明在纤维二糖诱导体系中启动子Pcbh-1的启动效率最高,初步建立了粗糙脉孢菌纤维二糖诱导的蛋白质表达体系。     

用于植物病原细菌标记的pBB-GFP载体构建及应用北大核心CSCD

扩增青枯劳尔氏菌RipAK基因启动子序列,与lacZ基因融合得到p HM1:P_(RiPAK)LacZ。携带pHM1:P_(RiPAK)LacZ的青枯劳尔氏菌在营养丰富和基本培养基中都有LacZ活性,表明RipAK启动子可以推动lacZ基因的表达。为构建用于标记植物病原细菌的绿色荧光表达载体,把RipAK启动子和gfp基因克隆到质粒pBBR1MCS-5,使得gfp基因在RipAK启动子的驱动下表达;构建的表达载体pBB-GFP在大肠杆菌中即可表达绿色荧光蛋白。pBB-GFP载体能有效标记青枯劳尔氏菌、番茄细菌性斑点病菌和柑橘溃疡病菌,在荧光显微镜下观察到3种植物病原细菌呈短杆状,青枯劳尔氏菌还可形成多个菌体串联的线状结构。荧光标记对3种病原菌在寄主植物上的致病力没有影响,将标记菌株分别滴加在寄主植物叶片的创伤处,可观察到大量的绿色荧光聚集。本研究构建的pBB-GFP载体能用于多种植物病原细菌的绿色荧光标记,标记后的病原细菌在液体培养及侵染寄主植物过程中都能观察到荧光。     

斜纹夜蛾Cecropin D成熟肽的原核表达及活性检测

采用RT-PCR方法从斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura脂肪体组织中扩增得到了Cecropin D成熟肽基因序列,分析发现Cecropin D成熟肽与斜纹夜蛾Cecropin B之间存在2个氨基酸残基的差异。将获得的基因序列连接入原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1,并在原核细胞中实现了该蛋白的融合表达。SDS-PAGE结果表明,诱导后的宿主菌比未诱导菌中多出了一条融合蛋白表达带,诱导后1 h就可以检测到该蛋白,从诱导后1 h到5 h该蛋白在表达量上没有明显的差异。生长曲线显示在IPTG诱导后宿主菌的生长受到明显的抑制,纯化后的蛋白对细菌具有一定的抑制作用。     

铜绿假单胞菌外毒素A全基因的克隆与分泌性表达

利用PCR技术从铜绿假单胞菌PA103株DNA中扩增到铜绿假单胞菌外毒素A(EPA)全基因,选择合适位点插入pBV221 PLPR启动子下游,构建分泌性表达载体;转化宿主E.coliDH5α、JM109后,热诱导表达;SDS-PAGE分析表明表达产物占菌体总蛋白量的17%左右,分子量69kD左右;分离细胞组分蛋白发现仅有少量重组蛋白以成熟毒素形式分泌到宿主菌的周质间隙,并能检测到Vero细胞毒活性,其余大部分以包涵体形式存在。免疫印迹检测显示,表达产物与兔抗EPA多抗有特异性反应。此项工作为重组EPA的研制建立了有用的技术方法。     

Up-regulation of yggG promotes the survival of Escherichia coli cells containing Era-1 mutant protein

Era is a highly conserved GTPase essential for bacterial growth. Using a digoxigenin-labeled Era protein to screen a phage expression library of Escherichia coli genomic DNA, yggG, a gene that encodes a putative zinc metalloprotease was isolated and characterized. The deduced amino acid sequence of YggG showed high degrees of similarity to some reported heat shock proteins. In this study, the direct interaction between Era and YggG was confirmed, and it was found that the yggG gene, encoding a 25 kDa heat shock protein, was up-regulated at the mRNA level in partially defective Era GTPase mutants (era-1) and in E. coli cells overproducing Era-1. The delta yggG strain displayed the same growth rate as wild-type strain under normal growth conditions and after heat shock. Overexpression of Era-1 in the delta yggG strain resulted in a stronger growth-inhibitory effect than that in the wild-type strain, while coexpression of YggG partially restored the bacterial growth rate. The results indicated that YggG expression is significantly increased in response to stress caused by the Era-1 mutant protein in E. coli, thus promoting the growth of E. coli.     

E. coli LoiP (YggG), a metalloprotease hydrolyzing Phe-Phe bonds

YggG is a conserved lipoprotein localized to the outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria. Even though the expressed open reading frame has been identified previously, the Escherichia coli protein remained uncharacterized. We report that YggG of E. coli is a metalloprotease that cleaves its targets preferentially between Phe-Phe residues. Since the yggG promoter is upregulated when bacteria are subjected to media of low osmolarity, YggG was named LoiP (low osmolarity induced protease). LoiP has an intramolecular disulfide (S-S) bond that is formed even in the absence of the periplasmic oxido-reductase DsbA and proper membrane localization of LoiP can depend on another putative metalloprotease, YfgC.     

A novel system for expressing recombinant proteins over a wide temperature range from 4 to 35 degrees C

Escherichia coli cells are the most commonly used host cells for large-scale production of recombinant proteins, but some proteins are difficult to express in E. coli. Therefore, we tested the nocardioform actinomycete Rhodococcus erythropolis, which grows at temperatures ranging from 4 to 35 degrees C, as an expression host cell. We constructed inducible expression vectors, where the expression of the target genes could be controlled with the antibiotic thiostrepton. Using these expression vectors, several milligrams of reporter proteins could be isolated from 1 liter of culture of R. erythropolis cells grown at a temperature range from 4 to 35 degrees C. Moreover, we successfully purified serum amyloid A1, NADH dehydorogenase 1 alpha subcomplex 4, cytochrome b5-like protein, apolipoprotein A-V, cathepsin D, pancreatic Rnase, and HMG-1 that are all difficult to express in E. coli. In the case of kallikrein 6, mouse deoxyribonuclease I and Kid1, which are also difficult to express in E. coli, the expression level of each protein increased when proteins were expressed at low temperature (4 degrees C). Based on these results, we conclude that a recombinant protein expression system using R. erythropolis as the host cell is superior to respective E. coli systems.     

肉毒毒素蛋白受体syt II N端片段基因的合成及其在大肠杆菌中的融合表达

本研究旨在构建肉毒毒素蛋白受体sytII N端片段的原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌pMAL-c2x系统中表达MBP-Syt融合蛋白。根据GenBank中已报道的人syt II基因序列,截取N端氨基酸序列,依据大肠杆菌的偏爱密码子,设计引物人工合成全基因,将全长基因克隆至原核表达载体pMAL-c2x中,重组质粒转化大肠杆菌E.coli ER2566,IPTG诱导表达。表达产物经Amylose Resin亲和层析进行纯化,SDS-PAGE和免疫印记对其进行鉴定,并对该蛋白进行活性的初步分析,为进一步研究毒素与受体相互作用的机制奠定基础。     

Expression and purification of the SsbB protein from Streptococcus pneumoniae

The Gram positive bacterium, Streptococcus pneumoniae, has two genes, designated ssbA and ssbB, which are predicted to encode single-stranded DNA binding proteins (SSB proteins). We have shown previously that the SsbA protein is similar in size and in biochemical properties to the well-characterized SSB protein from Escherichia coli. The SsbB protein, in contrast, is a smaller protein and has no counterpart in E. coli. This report describes the development of an expression system and purification procedure for the SsbB protein. The ssbB gene was amplified from genomic S. pneumoniae DNA and cloned into the E. coli expression vector, pET21a. Although, we had shown previously that the SsbA protein is strongly expressed from pET21a in the E. coli strain BL21(DE3)pLysS, no expression of the SsbB protein was detected in these cells. However, the SsbB protein was strongly expressed from pET21a in the Rosetta(DE3)pLysS strain, a derivative of BL21(DE3)pLysS which supplies the tRNAs for six codons that are used infrequently in E. coli. The differential expression of the two SSB proteins in the parent BL21(DE3)pLysS strain was apparently due to the presence of two rare codons in the ssbB gene sequence that are not present in the ssbA sequence. Using the Rosetta(DE3)pLysS/pETssbB expression system, a protocol was developed in which the SsbB protein was purified to apparent homogeneity. DNA binding assays confirmed that the purified SsbB protein had single-stranded DNA binding activity. The expression and purification procedures reported here will facilitate further investigations into the biological role of the SsbB protein.     

抑菌蛋白Reg3A的表达纯化与功能

利用原核表达系统表达人源抑菌蛋白Reg3A,经包涵体的复性和纯化获得有体外抑菌功能的活性抑菌蛋白,并对其体外抑菌功能进行初步研究。构建Reg3A原核表达载体PET-32a-Reg3A转化补充稀缺tRNA基因的表达菌株大肠杆菌BL21-Codonplus,阳性重组子采用诱导培养基诱导5h后,采用超声破碎的方法提取包涵体蛋白,经包涵体蛋白的纯化和透析复性后通过Ni-NTA亲和层析交换柱,获得纯度达95%的蛋白质。Western blot鉴定显示在15 kD处有特异性条带。使用纯化后的蛋白进一步进行抑菌圈实验和抑菌活性实验,对获得蛋白的体外抑菌活性进行评估,从而为进一步进行Reg3A蛋白功能的评估及应用奠定基础。     

双顺反子翻译偶联表达载体的构建及蚓激酶基因F238在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达

为了实现外源蛋白在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达,利用硫氧还蛋白作为分子伴侣构建双顺反子翻译偶联表达载体pDICT。将大肠杆菌硫氧还蛋白基因插入到pET22b载体NdeI和EcoR I位点之间,同时在硫氧还蛋白编码基因的终止密码子前加入核糖体结合位点,构建成双顺反子翻译偶联表达载体pDICT。将蚓激酶基因F238克隆到该载体,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)并诱导表达。SDS-PAGE结果表明,所表达的蚓激酶F238是可溶性蛋白。利用血纤维蛋白法对表达产物进行活性测定,重组蚓激酶F238不仅具有纤溶酶活性,而且具有激活纤溶酶原的激酶活性。该双顺反子翻译偶联表达载体的构建,为在大肠杆菌中可溶性表达外源蛋白提供了新方法。     

可溶性重组人组织因子(rhTF243)分泌型表达载体的构建和表达

目的:构建含有TF的胞外区和跨膜区基因的phoA-TF243分泌型表达载体,在大肠杆菌中以可溶形式表达重组人组织因子(rhTF243)。方法:从人胎盘组织中提取总RNA,以RT-PCR扩增获得目的基因,并克隆到phoA载体中,在大肠杆菌MM294中表达rhTF243,产物采用免疫亲合层析进行纯化。结果:通过低磷酸盐诱导工程菌,获得重组人组织因子(rhTF243) ,表达水平占菌体总蛋白量的16 .3 %,经免疫亲合层析纯化,产物纯度达到95 %以上,分子量为27 .4kD。结论:获得了rhTF243,具有与完整分子完全相同的凝血功能。