急性冠状动脉综合症患者血浆溶血磷脂酸及基质金属蛋白酶-9水平的检测及意义

目的：探讨急性冠状动脉综合症（acute coronary syndromes,ACS）患者血浆溶血磷脂酸（lysophatidic acid,LPA）及基质金属蛋白酶-9（matrix metalloproteinase-9,MMP．9）水平的变化,探讨其在ACS中可能的临床意义。方法：入选100例ACS患者,根据病情将其分为怠性心肌梗死（AMI）组50例,不稳定型心绞痛（UAP）组50例,并入选40例健康者作为对照组,分别用无机磷定量法和酶联免疫吸附测定法测定血浆LPA、MMP-9水平。结果：AMI组血浆LPA、MMP-9水平显著高于UAP组（LPA：3．29±0．42vs2．67±0．37;MMP-9：481．7±86．5VS237．85±65．34,P〈0．01）并且两组均显著高于对照组（LPA：1．82±0．31;MMP-9：87．42±23．85P〈0．01）;LPA与MMP-9水平呈正相关（r=O．224,P〈0．05）。结论：UIA与MMP-9可能是提示不稳定斑块的形成、破裂,进而导致急性冠状动脉综合征的危险信号。     

冠脉PCI治疗后血浆脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2与基质金属蛋白酶-9水平的变化及临床意义

目的:探讨冠脉经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗后血浆脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(LP-PLA2)与基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)水平的变化及其临床意义。方法:选择150例急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者、128例稳定型心绞痛(SAP)患者及100例健康者分为作为ACS组、SAP组及对照组。比较三组入院时血浆MMP-9、LP-PLA2水平及ACS组经PCI治疗前后血浆MMP-9、LP-PLA2水平的变化。结果:与对照组比较,SAP组与ACS组的血浆MMP-9、LP-PLA2水平均明显增高(P0.05);与SAP组比较,ACS组明显增高(P0.05)。与术前比较,ACS组术后血浆MMP-9、LP-PLA2水平明显降低(P0.05)。MMP-9与LP-PLA2在ACS组血浆中呈显著正相关(r=0.617,P0.05),在SAP组与对照组中无相关性(P0.05)。结论:冠脉病变程度越严重,血浆MMP-9和LP-PLA2水平更高;PCI治疗后冠脉斑块趋于稳定,血浆MMP-9和LP-PLA2水平降低,且二者有相关性,提示MMP-9和LP-PLA2参与冠状动脉粥样硬化的发病与发展,且对预测ACS高危人群及评价疗效有一定的临床价值。     

血浆及外周血中性粒细胞内髓过氧化物酶水平在冠心病临床诊断中的意义

目的:研究冠心病患者外周循环血中性粒细胞中髓过氧化物酶指数(MPXI)和血浆中髓过氧化物酶(MPO)浓度的改变及两者间相关性,探讨两者在冠心病临床诊断中的意义。方法:随机选取冠心病患者55例,按病情严重程度分为急性冠脉综征(ACS)组35例[包括不稳定心绞痛(UAP)组21例和急性心肌梗死(AMI)组14例]和稳定心绞痛(SAP)组20例,同时随机选取健康体检人员60例为正常对照组;采用ADVIA2120全自动血细胞分析仪检测MPXI,取血浆用ELISA法检测血浆MPO浓度。结果:ACS组MPXI(6.31±4.24)显著高于SAP组(3.38±2.14)和对照组(2.78±2.12),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);SAP组MPXI高于正常对照组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ACS组血浆中MPO(1204.07±838.61 pmol/L)显著高于SAP组(755.97±426.23 pmol/L)和对照组(290.45±99.87 pmol/L),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);SAP组MPO显著高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。SAP组MPXI与MPO无相关性(r=0.424,P>0.05),ACS组MPXI与MPO呈负相关(r=-0.536,P<0.05)。结论:MPXI和MPO在冠心病的诊断中有意义,MPXI与血浆中MPO在ACS组中呈负相关。     

老年急性冠脉综合征患者血尿酸与血脂、HCY及hs-CRP水平的关系研究

目的:研究老年急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者血尿酸(UA)与血脂、同型半胱氨酸(HCY)及超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平的关系。方法:选择从2014年2月到2017年9月在重庆三峡中心医院接受治疗的老年ACS患者59例作为研究对象。急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者32例,即为AMI组;不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)患者27例,即为UAP组。另选同期30例在我院接受体检的健康志愿者作为对照组,对比各组UA、HCY、hs-CRP水平以及血脂水平,并分析患者UA与血脂、HCY及hs-CRP水平的相关性。结果:AMI组和UAP组的UA、HCY及hs-CRP水平均高于对照组,且AMI组又高于UAP组(P0.05)。AMI组和UAP组的总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)水平均高于对照组,AMI组又高于UAP组(P0.05);AMI组和UAP组的高密度脂蛋白(HDL)水平低于对照组,且AMI组又低于UAP组(P0.05)。根据Spearman法分析相关性可知,患者UA与HCY、hs-CRP、TC、TG及LDL均呈正相关,与HDL呈负相关(P0.05)。结论:老年ACS患者UA、HCY、hs-CRP、TC、TG及LDL水平均较高,HDL水平较低,且UA与血脂、HCY以及hs-CRP均具有较好的相关性,临床可尝试将其作为重点监测靶点,从而应用于ACS患者的诊治。     

依达拉奉治疗急性脑出血的临床疗效及对血浆MMP-9水平的影响

目的:观察依达拉奉治疗急性脑出血的临床疗效和对血浆基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)水平的影响。方法:60例急性脑出血患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各30例。对照组给予常规治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗基础上加用依达拉奉,并在治疗后24h内和14d进行神经功能缺损评分及血浆MMP-9水平测定。结果:治疗组神经功能缺损评分、血浆MMP-9水平较对照组降低(P<0.05、P<0.01)。结论:依达拉奉可改善急性脑出血患者神经功能,可能与降低MMP-9水平有关。     

急性冠脉综合征患者PAPP-A基因IVS6+95(C/G)多态性与血浆PAPP-A水平及斑块性质的相关性

为研究湖北十堰地区急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者PAPP-A基因IVS6 +95(C/G)多态性与血浆PAPP-A水平和斑块性质的相关性,随机选择215例ACS患者(包括58例急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者、73例不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)患者和84例稳定型心绞痛(SAP)患者)及142例健康对照者作为研究对象,检测PAPP-A基因IVS6+ 95 (C/G)多态性和血浆PAPP-A浓度,并进行统计学分析.结果显示,AMI组、UAP组和SAP组的PAPP-A浓度具有极显著差异(p＜0.01),在稳定性斑块和易损性斑块组间的PAPP-A浓度亦具有极显著差异(p＜0.01);AMI组、UAP组和SAP组与对照组间的基因型频率和等位基因频率具有显著差异(p＜0.05);在ACS组和对照组中,组内各类基因型人群的血浆PAPP-A浓度的差异不显著(p＞0.05).结果表明,PAPP-A基因IVS6+ 95多态性与急性冠脉综合征患者密切相关,血浆PAPP-A浓度与斑块性质相关,能够反映ACS患者斑块的易损性,是ACS患者危险分层的标志物.     

老年冠心病患者血清Lp-PLA2、hs-CRP、IL-27及MMP-9水平与Gensini积分的相关性研究*

目的:探讨老年冠心病患者血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2)、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-27(IL-27)及基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)水平与Gensini积分的相关性。方法:选取2015年10月至2018年2月我院收治的冠心病患者142例为研究对象,将所有患者按照不同的冠心病类型分为不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)组54例、稳定型心绞痛(SAP)组40例和急性心肌梗死(AMI)组48例。同时根据患者Gensini积分将其分为轻度47例、中度51例和重度44例。比较不同冠心病类型、不同严重程度的Lp-PLA2、hs-CRP、IL-27、MMP-9水平及Gensini积分,并分析冠心病患者上述指标水平与Gensini积分的相关性。结果:AMI组患者Lp-PLA2、hs-CRP、IL-27、MMP-9水平及Gensini积分均高于UAP组和SAP组,且UAP组高于SAP组(P0.05)。重度患者Lp-PLA2、hs-CRP、IL-27、MMP-9水平及Gensini积分均高于中度和轻度患者,且中度患者高于轻度患者(P0.05)。经Spearman相关性分析结果显示,冠心病患者Lp-PLA2、hs-CRP、IL-27、MMP-9水平与Gensini积分均呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:老年冠心病患者Lp-PLA2、hs-CRP、IL-27及MMP-9水平与患者冠状动脉病变Gensini积分均呈正相关。临床根据Lp-PLA2、hs-CRP、IL-27及MMP-9水平的变化,有助于评估老年冠心病患者的病情严重程度。     

丁苯酚联合尼莫地平对急性脑出血患者神经功能及血清MMP-9、NF-κB水平的影响

目的:探讨丁苯酚联合尼莫地平对急性脑出血患者及神经功能及血清基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)和核转录因子kappa B(NF-κB)水平的影响。方法:选择90例急性脑出血患者作为研究对象并将其随机分为两组,每组各45例。两组患者均给予口服尼莫地平片治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加以口服丁苯酚软胶囊,疗程均为30天。比较两组患者的临床疗效以及治疗前后血清MMP-9、NF-κB水平和神经功能的变化。结果:观察组患者的临床总有效率显著高于对照组[42(93.99%)vs 37(82.22%)](P0.05)。治疗后,观察组的血清MMP-9、NF-κB水平均明显低于对照组[121.51±14.76 vs 137.09±14.71;0.14±0.04vs0.24±0.05](P0.05),日常生活质量评分(ADL)明显高于对照组[37.09±5.91 vs 33.54±6.74](P0.05),神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS)明显低于对照组[15.31±7.61 vs18.54±5.21](P0.05),认知功能评分(MMSE)明显高于对照组[27.54±4.21vs23.72±5.75](P0.05)。结论:丁苯酚联合尼莫地平治疗急性脑出血患者的临床疗效优于口服尼莫地平片单药治疗,可有效改善患者的神经和认知功能,可能与其显著降低血清MMP-9、NF-κB水平有关。     

急性心肌梗死患者冠脉介入治疗后血浆apelin的变化及作用

目的:观察急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者围手术期血浆apelin的表达变化,分析AMI合并2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血浆apelin的表达与预后的相关性,探讨apelin在冠脉介入治疗(PCI)中的心脏保护作用。方法:72例于2012年2月~8月在我院心内科接受冠状动脉造影确诊为AMI并成功完成PCI的冠心病患者,分别在术前、术后0小时、术后4小时、术后24小时收集血清,酶联免疫吸附法测定血浆apelin-13水平;进一步对糖尿病及非糖尿病AMI患者(每组各20例)进行亚组分析,随访两组患者在术后6个月时主要不良心脑血管事件(MACCE)。结果:AMI患者术后0 h组apelin水平与术前基线水平明显降低(31.54±5.48 vs35.15±6.48 ng/L,P0.05);术后4小时及24小时组apelin水平较术前明显升高(39.65±5.48 vs 35.15±6.48 ng/L,43.93±5.37 vs35.15±6.48 ng/L,P0.05)。糖尿病与非糖尿病组apelin水平术前无明显差异;糖尿病组在术后各时间点的apelin水平均明显高于非糖尿病组(31.12±5.50 vs 29.21±6.53 ng/L,40.57±5.37 vs 33.49±3.89 ng/L,43.50±7.41 vs 34.54±3.52 ng/L,P0.05)。两组术后6个月随访T2DM组LVEF值改善明显高于NT2DM组,但MACCE事件无明显差异。结论:AMI患者PCI术后存在血浆apelin表达的升高,其中糖尿病患者在术后血浆apelin表达较非糖尿病患者明显增高,提示PCI冠脉血运重建可促进糖尿病患者apelin分泌,调节胰岛素抵抗改善预后。     

急性冠脉综合征单核细胞PPARδ表达及其与血清MMP-9和TIMP-1的相关性

目的:观察急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者外周血单核细胞中过氧化物酶体增殖激活受体δ(PPARδ)的表达及其与基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、组织金属蛋白酶抑制物-1(TIMP-1)的相关性。方法:纳入52例ACS患者和46例健康对照者,分离其外周血单核细胞,采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法检测PPARδ的表达;采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清MMP-9和TIMP-1的水平。结果:ACS患者外周血单核细胞中PPARδ的表达水平显著低于健康对照组(p0.01);ACS患者血清MMP-9水平高于健康对照组(p0.01),而TIMP-1水平低于健康对照组(p0.01);PPARδ表达水平与MMP-9呈负相关(r=-0.421,p0.05),而与TIMP-1呈正相关(r=0.531,p0.05)。结论:PPARδ可能在ACS的发病中具有重要作用。     

白蚁与动物及微生物的共生类型及其机制

综述了白蚁螱客的主要种类、共生关系及相关机制的研究进展。白蚁螱客中,已报道的动物种类达170种。在与动物的共生关系中存在偏利共生（宾主共栖和异种共栖）、互利共生和无关共生三种;在与微生物的共生关系中,存在与内生菌（原生动物、细菌、真菌和放线菌）和外生菌（蚁巢伞菌等）间的互利关系。指出了白蚁与螱客研究中存在的问题,给出了解决方案,并提出了今后可能的研究热点或方向,为白蚁的综合利用（如纤维素酶）及今后研究物种间的协同进化提供了基础资料。     

Relative and combined effects of ethanol and protein deficiency on strontium and barium bone content and fecal and urinary excretion

To elucidate accumulation of minerals in human iliac arteries with aging, the content of minerals was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Bilateral common, internal, and external iliac arteries of 16 men and 8 women, ranging ages from 65 to 93 yr, were examined. It was found that an extremely high accumulation of calcium and phosphorus occurred in the common iliac artery at old age, being higher than that of the internal and external iliac arteries. It should be noted that the accumulation of calcium and phosphorus is the highest in the common iliac artery among the human arteries examined to date. Regarding sexual differences, the content of calcium and phosphorus in the common and internal iliac arteries was higher in women than in men, whereas their content in the external iliac artery was lower in women than in men.     

New amino-dithiaphospholanes and phosphoramidodithioites and their rhodium and iridium complexes

New sulfur derivatives of phosphoramidite ligands were synthesized and the impact of the sulfur unit on the spectroscopic properties of their rhodium and iridium complexes was investigated. The new ligands Bn₂NPSCH₂CH₂S^a(P-S^a) (Bn = benzyl, 4), Bn₂NPSCHCHS^a(CH₂)₃C^aH₂(P-S^a)(C^a-S^a) (6) and Bn₂NP(4-XC₆H₄OMe)₂ (X = S, 7a; X = O, 7b) were converted to the rhodium and iridium complexes trans-[Rh(CO)Cl(L)₂] (L = 4, 6, 7), [RhCl(COD)(L)] (L = 4, 6, 7), [IrCl(COD)(7a)] and [IrCl₂Cp∗(6)]. For comparison, some phosphoramidite complexes of these formulations also were synthesized. The new metal complexes were spectroscopically analyzed. For the carbonyl complexes, the ν_CO IR stretching frequencies were lower than for the corresponding phosphite and phosphoramidite ligands. The ¹J_PRh coupling constants for the rhodium complexes with the new ligands were also smaller than for the respective phosphoramidite and phosphite complexes. Finally, the ¹J_PSe coupling constants of the selenides of the new ligands were lower than those of the phosphoramidite ligands but higher than for PPh₃. The spectroscopic data reveal that the new thio ligands 4, 6 and 7a are more electron donating than phosphites and phosphoramidites but less electron donating than PPh₃.     

Astrocytes and Synaptosomes Transport and Metabolize Lactate and Acetate Differently

Astrocytes transport the monocarboxylate acetate, but synaptosomes do not. The reason for this is unknown, because both preparations express monocarboxylate transporters (MCT). The transport and metabolism of lactate, another monocarboxylate, was examined in these two preparations, and the results were compared to those for acetate. Lactate transport is more rapid in astrocytes than in synaptosomes, but of lower affinity (Kms of 17 and 4 mM, respectively). Lactate (0.2 mM) is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in synaptosomes than in astrocytes (rates of 0.37 and 0.07 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). The reason for this is unclear, but cellular differences in lactate dehydrogenase isotype expression may be involved. Acetate is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in astrocytes than in synaptosomes (rates of 0.43 and 0.02 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). This is likely due to cellular differences in the expression of monocarboxylate transporter subtypes.     

Rapporteur report: Basics and technology and metrology and standards

The first and second sessions of the Workshop focussed on the basics of ultrasound and infrasound, their applications in both industry and medicine, and metrology and protection standards for ultrasound applications.     

Chemokines and cytokines: axis and allies in asthma and allergy

Allergic asthma can be precipitated by many factors. For the atopic person, fungus, pollen, dust mites, cockroach antigens, and diesel exhaust are all agents that may trigger an allergic attack. Cytokines and chemokines are integral mediators of fungal asthma. From the earliest time points, they recruit and activate the cells required for the clearance of fungus as well as being critical factors involved in the immunopathology of this disease. In the final analysis, it is clear that these mediators can act to the benefit or the detriment of the host.     

人血管能抑素基因的克隆、表达及其表达产物的纯化和生物活性测定

以人胎盘脐带组织为材料,提取组织总RNA,用netRTPCR方法合成人血管能抑素cDNA基因,将该cDNA克隆进pSP72载体获得重组质粒pSP72C, DNA序列分析结果与预期序列一致。用BamHⅠ和NdeⅠ双酶切,切下pSP72C上的血管能抑素cDNA,插入pET3c载体的相应位点获得重组表达质粒pETC, 转化E. coli BL21(DE3), SDSPAGE分析显示：在IPTG诱导下,血管能抑素基因获得了高效表达,表达量约占菌体总蛋白的 27.9 %,主要以包涵体形式存在。包涵体经过洗涤、裂解、蛋白复性以及Sephadex G75凝胶过滤层析等步骤后,获得了纯度达91.4 %的人血管能抑素。CAM实验证明10 μg纯化蛋白就能显著抑制鸡胚新生血管生成。     

Prostaglandin and thromboxane production by human and guinea-pig macrophages and leucocytes

The ability of partially purified human and guinea-pig haematogenous cell populations, when cultured in vitro, to metabolise arachidonic acid (AA) has been studied. Supernatants from 24 hour cell culture have been subjected to analysis for products of AA metabolism by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection.The cell types studied were human peripheral blood monocytes (both glass adherent and non-adherent), neutrophils, eosinophils and leukemic leucocytes; thoracic duct lymphocytes and lung alveolar macrophages. From the guinea-pig, induced and non-induced macrophage or neutrophil enriched peritoneal exudate populations, lymph node cells, peritoneal eosinophils and peripheral blood platelets were examined. Supernatants were assayed for the presence of PGE₂, PGD₂, PGF_2α, TXB₂ and 6-keto-PGF_1α. In all types studied PGE₂ and TXB₂ were the major products formed. The identification of PGE₂ and TXB₂ was confirmed by GC/MS with multiple ion monitoring.The results have been compared with other reports and their possible significance discussed in relation to the proposed role of prostaglandins as mediators and modulators in immunopathology.