EphA3基因启动子区域定位表达及活性分析

目的构建含有不同长度EphA3基因启动子片段的报告基因载体,研究其在293T细胞和MEF细胞中的转录活性。方法以Balb／C小鼠基因组DNA为模板,扩增不同长度的EphA3基因启动子片段,并克隆进入荧光素酶报告基因质粒pGL3-Basic真核表达载体内。酶切鉴定及基因测序无误后,将重组质粒和pRL—CMV内对照质粒共转染293T和MEF细胞,分析不同长度的OhA3基因启动子片段的转录活性。结果酶切和测序鉴定表明表达载体构建成功,EphA3基因的核心启动子区域位于-279bp～＋110bp之间,在293T细胞和MEF细胞中其转录活性相似。结论成功构建了荧光素报告基因重组质粒,并确定了BphA3基因的核心启动子区域。     

Mip1对大鼠心肌细胞凋亡基因Bid转录调控作用的初探

目的:研究转录因子Mip1对大鼠心肌细胞H9C2凋亡相关基因Bid的转录调控作用.方法:以H9C2细胞基因组DNA为模板,扩增Bid核心启动子片段,将其克隆入荧光素酶报告基因质粒PGL3-Basic中,构建重组载体,并采用双酶切法、PCR法及基因测序对其进行鉴定.用脂质体转染法将该载体转入Mip1不同程度过表达的H9C2细胞,检测该细胞Bid基因启动子区的转录活性.结果:成功克隆Bid基因启动子区,双酶切、PCR和基因测序均显示PGL3-Basic-Bid promoter重组载体构建成功.荧光素酶相对活性检测显示在H9C2细胞中,随着Mip1转入的增多,Bid启动子区转录活性逐渐下降.结论:Mip1作为一个新的转录抑制因子,可以下调凋亡基因Bid的转录.     

IL-37基因启动子的克隆及其荧光素酶报告基因载体的构建

[目的]克隆白介素-37(IL-37)基因启动子,构建其荧光素酶报告基因载体,并分析活性。[方法]用PCR方法扩增IL-37基因5'端上游区3个不同长度的启动子片段,分别克隆入荧光素酶报告基因载体p GL3,构建IL-37基因启动子荧光素酶报告基因质粒。将所构建的质粒转染HEK-293细胞,通过双荧光素酶报告基因系统分析启动子的转录活性。[结果]754、1 017、2 043 bp等3个IL-37启动子片段正确亚克隆入荧光素酶报告基因载体,重组质粒转染HEK-293细胞后,双荧光素酶活性分析显示1 017 bp的启动子片段具有较强转录活性,约为对照组(空载体p GL3-basic)的10.9倍。[结论]成功克隆IL-37基因启动子,构建了大小为1 017 bp的IL-37基因启动子荧光素酶报告基因载体,为IL-37表达的调控机制的研究提供有效的工具。     

小鼠组蛋白H3K4甲基化酶Smyd3启动子荧光素酶报告载体的构建与活性分析

为研究小鼠(Mus musculus)组蛋白H3 K4甲基化酶基因Smyd3转录调控的分子机制,本研究首先通过PCR的方法克隆了5条不同长度的Smyd3启动子5’端缺失片段,与pMD19-T载体连接后,双酶切克隆入pGL3-Basic荧光素酶报告基因载体,构建Smyd3启动子-pGL3-Basic报告基因重组质粒,瞬时转染HEK293细胞48 h后采用双报告基因检测试剂盒检测Smyd3启动子各缺失片段的相对荧光活性.结果表明,本研究成功构建Smyd3启动子5’端缺失片段-pGL3-Basic荧光报告基因重组质粒,所构建的启动子重组子转染组与阳性对照组相比表现出荧光活性,并且pGL3-Smyd3-4的荧光活性最强,是其他的2至4倍左右,pGL3-Smyd3-5的荧光活性最弱.本研究初步确定Smyd3基因的启动子核心区域可能位于-533～-42bp之间,在-2026～-533 bp之间可能存在启动子负调控序列.     

大鼠GluR2基因启动子控制的萤火虫荧光素酶表达载体的构建

目的构建大鼠GluR2基因启动子控制的萤火虫荧光素酶表达载体,并检测其在神经元中的表达。方法采用PCR方法获得GluR2基因启动子区目的片段（-298～＋283）,双酶切后插入到pGL3-Basic载体中构成重组表达载体,使萤火虫荧光素酶报告基因的表达受GluR2启动子控制。将构建的重组表达载体或pGL3-Basic载体分别与内参质粒pRL—CMV（表达海肾荧光素酶）共转染原代培养皮质神经元,24h后用双荧光检测试剂盒测定萤火虫荧光素酶及海肾荧光素酶活性。结果重组表达载体经双酶切及测序鉴定证明构建正确,该重组表达载体在神经元中特异性高表达萤火虫荧光素酶。结论成功构建大鼠GluR2基因启动子控制的萤火虫荧光素酶表达载体,并检测到该载体在神经元中的特异性表达。     

小鼠TIE2基因启动子的克隆及转录活性分析

克隆小鼠TIE2基因的启动子并分析其转录活性.设计并合成引物,以小鼠肝脏组织DNA为模板,巢式PCR扩增小鼠TIE2基因启动子区.将扩增获得的系列截短片段克隆入荧光素酶(Luc)报告基因表达载体pGL3-Basic中,构建系列启动子区转录活性报告质粒pGL3-TIE2-Luc.报告质粒与内参质粒共转染SVEC4-10、NIH3T3、HUVEC及NIT-1细胞系,48h后收获细胞检测双荧光素酶的表达情况.构建的pGL3-TIE2-Luc系列报告质粒经过酶切鉴定及DNA测序分析都显示正确;转染4种细胞系后进行双荧光素酶活性检测的结果表明,TIE2基因启动子区域(-2056-+1)具有较强的转录活性.成功构建小鼠TIE2基因启动子报告质粒,证实TIE2基因上游区域(-2056-+1)具有较强的启动子活性.     

小鼠T-bet启动子荧光素酶报告基因载体的构建及活性鉴定

为了研究T-bet在T细胞中的转录调控机制,并研究其在多发性硬化症中的信号通路,本研究构建小鼠TBX21(编码T-bet)基因启动子区和增强子区萤火虫荧光素酶报告基因载体。在对小鼠TBX21基因5?侧翼区进行详尽生物信息学特征分析后,设计相应引物,用PCR的方法从小鼠基因组中扩增出TBX21基因5?侧翼区–1 000 bp-28 bp片段长为1 028 bp的启动子区(以翻译起始点ATG为+1)和–3 308 bp-–2 000 bp片段长为1308 bp的非编码区保守序列(No-coding conserved sequence,CNS),再用定向克隆的方法将这两个片段定向重组入专门用于启动子活性研究的萤火虫荧光素酶报告基因载体(p GL4.10)中,构建出包含小鼠TBX21基因启动子区和CNS区的萤火虫荧光素酶报告基因载体(p GL4.10-TBX21pr-CNS),电泳与测序鉴定,最后再将p GL4.10-TBX21pr-CNS与内参p RL-TK用lipofectamine 2000共转染293T细胞和Jurkat细胞中,通过双荧光素酶报告基因检测系统鉴定p GL4.10-TBX21pr-CNS的启动子和增强子活性,并用独立样本t检验方法进行统计分析。对照组共转染p GL4.10与内参p RL-TK。结果表明,成功构建出荧光素酶报告基因重组质粒p GL4.10-TBX21pr-CNS。与转染空质粒p RL-TK组相比,293T细胞(P=0.012 2)和Jurkat细胞(P=0.002 2)中转染p GL4.10-TBX21pr-CNS组荧光素酶活性升高。研究结果表明在293T细胞和Jurkat细胞中p GL4.10-TBX21pr-CNS可以表现出启动子活性,为后续小鼠T-bet转录调控研究提供了基本材料。     

FLT-1启动子荧光素酶报告基因重组体的构建和鉴定

目的：为探索FLT-1启动子靶向调控活性分析,克隆FLT-1启动子基因序列,构建并鉴定肿-1启动子调控的荧光素酶报告基因重组体pGL3-FLT—Basic—luc。方法：应用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）技术扩增FLT-1启动子序列,定向亚克隆至荧光素酶表达载体pGL3-Basic—luc中,构建含有正确目的基因的报告基因重组体pGL3-FIT—Basic—luc,通过限性内切酶酶切、PCR及测序进行鉴定。结果：通过酶切鉴定及基因测定证明,所克隆的基因产物与预期结果-致,序列无碱基突变。结论：成功构建了含有FLT-1启动子基因序列的荧光素酶报告基因真核表达载体,为下-步分析该启动子活性及血管疾病的基因治疗奠定基础。     

人claudin-10基因启动子转录调控的初步分析

[目的]构建不同长度的人claudin-10基因上游启动子荧光素酶报告基因载体,并在LO2细胞中比较其活性。[方法]以人LO2肝细胞基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增获得claudin-10基因5'侧翼序列,并将其插入p MD18-T载体;PCR扩增获得不同长度的claudin-10基因上游启动子区序列,构建p GL3-Basic系列荧光素酶基因报告载体。瞬时转染LO2细胞,双荧光素酶报告基因分析系统检测转录活性。[结果]成功构建6个不同长度的人claudin-10基因上游启动子区(-1 451/+100bp、-1 022/+100bp、-1 005/+100bp、-677/+100bp、-377/+100bp和-108/+100bp)的报告载体;启动子活性实验结果表明:当claudin-10启动子片段从-1 005 bp截短至-677 bp,从-108 bp截短至+100 bp时活性显著下降(P0.05);其余截短时活性无改变(P0.05)。[结论]claudin-10启动子-1 005bp~-677bp和-108bp~+100bp区是claudin-10基因的主要转录调控区。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.