浅析麦默通微创旋切术切除乳腺良性肿瘤在临床的应用

目的对比分析乳腺良性肿瘤传统切除术与麦默通微创旋切术的临床治疗效果。方法选取我院(北华大学附属医院)2014年01月至2015年12月住院期间的女性患者乳腺良性肿瘤300例。根据患者手术的适应症及患者手术方式分为研究组(170例)和对照组(130例)。研究组应用麦默通微创手术进行治疗,对照组采取传统乳腺肿瘤切除术进行治疗。观察研究组与对照组的切口长度,术中出血量,愈合时间及术后的并发症。结果研究组的切口长度,术中出血量,愈合时间,术后乳房的形态,均优于对照组。研究组无术后并发症,对照组15例出现乳房轻微胀痛。结论相对传统手术比较,麦默通微创旋切术手术时间,术中出血量明显优于传统手术方式,且术后不良反应明显减少,而且得到了较好的美容效果,患者有较高的满意率。该项技术已经被临床广泛应用,而且安全性较高。     

超声引导下Mammotome微创旋切系统切除乳房肿物应用体会

目的总结超声引导下麦默通(Mammotome)微创旋切系统切除乳房肿物的临床疗效和经验。方法对我院191例患者434个乳腺病灶在B超引导下进行麦默通微创旋切,所有病灶术前均行B超诊断、定位。结果 434个病灶均完全切除,30例出现轻度并发症,仅1例复发。结论超声引导下行麦默通旋切技术是一种微创、美观、安全、准确的乳腺诊疗方法,其具有定位准确,切除彻底,不留瘢痕的优点。     

超声引导下Mammotome微创旋切术治疗乳腺良性肿块

目的:研究超声引导下Mammotome微创旋切术对乳腺良性肿块的治疗价值。方法:回顾性分析2014年9月至2016年9月在本院就诊的BI-RADS分级为2~3级的387例乳腺良性肿块患者,运用Mammotome对729处乳腺病灶行微创旋切术,分析术后病理、并发症、随访半年后的治疗结果。结果:387例患者的729处乳腺病灶均获一次性成功切除。病理示均为良性病灶,其中32个合并不典型增生。术后出现局部血肿共11例(2.8%),皮下瘀斑共16例(4.1%),所有患者均未发生感染及气胸等严重并发症。术后6个月18个在病灶原部位发现肿块;手术无残留率为97.5%。结论:应用超声引导下Mammotome微创旋切术治疗乳腺良性肿块临床可行。     

麦默通微创手术结合导管冲洗负压引流治疗乳房脓肿的临床效果观察

目的：探讨麦默通微创手术结合导管冲洗负压引流治疗乳房脓肿的临床效果。方法：选择2007年10月~2012年9月在我院治疗的180例乳房脓肿患者,全部在超声定位引导下行麦默通微创手术结合导管冲洗负压引流治疗,并观察其临床效果。结果：180例乳房脓肿患者完全恢复,住院天数6~10天,无1例并发乳瘘。常规病理结果均符合临床诊断。1~2年随访中,临床检查及乳腺B超检查均未发现复发迹象。结论：麦默通微创手术结合导管冲洗负压引流技术治疗乳房脓肿,切口隐蔽,操作简便,治疗彻底,可减少由于反复穿刺引起的感染,尤其适用于脓腔直径较大、位置较深、细针反复穿刺无效或复发者;术后换药冲洗简单易行,换药次数降低,明显减轻了患者痛苦;拔管后切口无需缝合,瘢痕小,并能维持乳房良好形态,提高了病人术后的生活质量,符合当今女性的审美要求。     

血塞通在23G微创玻切手术治疗糖尿病性玻璃体积血的作用

目的:探讨注射用血塞通(冻干粉)在23G微创玻切手术治疗糖尿病性玻璃体积血中的作用。方法:选取我院收治的2型糖尿病性玻璃体积血70例,将其随机分为两组,均给予常规血糖控制及23G微创玻切手术治疗,实验组于手术前给予注射用血塞通。对比两组患者的手术时间、术后并发症的发生率以及视力恢复情况。结果:实验组的平均手术时间明显短于对照组,术后出血、房性炎症、视网膜脱离、新生血管性青光眼并发症的发生率均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);实验组视力恢复的总有效率显著高于与对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:术前应用注射用血塞通能够明显提高23G微创玻切手术治疗糖尿病性玻璃体积血的临床疗效,值得临床推广。     

微创旋切术用于老年乳腺良性肿块患者对手术指标、应激反应和免疫功能的影响

摘要 目的：对比分析微创旋切术和传统开放手术对老年乳腺良性肿块患者手术指标、应激反应、免疫功能的影响及安全性。方法：收集我院2015年4月~2019年2月因乳腺良性肿块需手术治疗的老年患者148例,按不同手术方式分为观察组和对照组,每组74例。观察组予以微创旋切术,对照组予以传统开放手术,比较两组手术指标,手术前后应激反应、免疫功能,术后乳房美观性和并发症的发生情况。结果：观察组切口长度、手术时间、出血量、住院时间和术后疼痛评分分别为(2.35±1.45)cm、(18.27±4.51)min、(5.07±1.02)mL、(4.98±1.20)d和(2.88±1.13)分,均低于或短于对照组(P<0.05);术后血清去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)和皮质醇(Cor)水平分别为(71.03±3.02)ng/mL、(68.22±7.23)ng/mL和(101.82±13.29)mmol/L,均明显低于对照组(P<0.05);手术后免疫功能中CD4⁺、CD3⁺和CD4⁺/CD8⁺分别为(27.27±3.70)%、(44.87±6.13)%和(1.22±0.07),均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);术后乳房美观性优良率为98.6%,明显高于对照组(P<0.05),总并发症发生率为2.7%,显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论：与传统开放手术相比,微创旋切术用于老年乳腺良性肿块患者的效果较好,手术时间短,出血少,患者术后疼痛较轻,住院时间短,可有效保护患者的免疫功能,降低应激反应,安全性高。     

血管再狭窄组织中MHC-B表达异常

80年代中期出现的血管内斑块旋切术(atherectomy)是治疗阻塞性血管病变的有效方法,通过旋切导管,在外力能源的带动下旋转切割、研磨,切除阻塞性病变,使血管再通;同时可取出切割下来的标本作为人体血管生物学(vascular biology)研究的重要材料。最近,Leclerc等用旋切术摘取了10例标本,其中包括4例再狭窄(restenosis)组织(3例股浅动脉、1例用作冠状动脉搭桥术的一段大静脉)和6例原发性病灶(primary lesions)(4例股浅动脉和2例     

高频环形电切与冷刀锥切治疗宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅲ的疗效对比研究

目的:探讨高频环形电切与冷刀锥切治疗宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅲ的疗效。方法:回顾性分析2011年6月至2013年10月我院经阴道镜活检确诊为宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅲ的患者154例,按采取的手术方式分为两组,其中75例行高频环形电切术治疗(研究组),79例行冷刀锥切术治疗(对照组),比较两组患者的临床疗效、病理和并发症。结果:两组患者术后治疗效果相当,在治愈率、残留率及复发率方面,均无显著性差异(P0.05);但研究组手术时间、住院时间、愈合时间、术中出血量、病灶切除深度及治疗费用均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。在术后并发症方面,研究组并发症发生率为8.00%,显著低于对照组的20.25%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);研究组阴道镜活检与治疗后病理一致率为77.33%,对照组为79.75%,两组患者治疗前后病理比较无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:高频环形电切术是诊治宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅲ患者的有效方法,与冷刀锥切术比较,能够缩短手术时间、住院时间及愈合时间,具有术中出血量少、病灶切除深度小、治疗费用低及并发症少的优点。     

3D打印技术辅助前侧微创入路手术治疗不稳定型骨盆骨折的临床疗效分析

目的:探讨3D打印技术辅助前侧微创入路手术治疗不稳定型骨盆骨折的临床疗效及安全性。方法:选择2014年8月到2017年2月在我院诊治的骨盆骨折患者78例作为研究对象,按照随机信封抽签原则分为观察组与对照组,每组各39例。对照组采用常规X线与CT进行手术设计,观察组采用3D打印技术进行手术设计,两组都给予前侧微创入路手术治疗,比较两组的手术时间、切口长度、骨折愈合时间、术中出血量、术中和术后并发症的发生情况及术后3个月的骨盆功能优良率。结果:所有患者都完成手术,无术中严重并发症发生,两组手术时间及切口长度对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。对照组的骨折愈合时间、术中出血量显著高于观察组(P0.05)。观察组术后并发症的发生率(5.1%)显著低于对照组(25.6%)(P0.05),术后3个月的骨盆功能优良率(97.4%)显著高于对照组(74.4%)(P0.05)。结论:与常规X线与CT前侧微创入路手术治疗比较,3D打印技术辅助前侧微创入路手术治疗不稳定型骨盆骨折可为患者提供安全、有效、个性化的治疗,减少术后并发症的发生,改善患者的骨盆功能。     

腹腔镜治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的临床研究

目的:探讨腹腔镜手术治疗胆囊及胆总管结石的应用价值.方法:90例胆囊结石合并胆管结石患者按手术方式随机分为腹腔镜胆道探查术组(简称:腹腔镜组)和常规开腹胆道探查T管引流术组(简称:常规开腹组).观察两组手术切口大小、并发症、胃肠道功能恢复时间和平均住院时间等指标.结果:腹腔镜组术后并发症发生率为2.2%,显著低于常规开腹组(15.9%)(P<0.05);腹腔镜组手术切口显著小于常规开腹组(P<0.05);腹腔镜组术后胃肠道功能恢复时间和平均住院时间与对照组比较显著缩短,相比较有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论:应用腹腔镜治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石是一种安全、有效、可行的微创手术方式.     

犬腋下小切口制作慢性心房颤动模型

目的探讨应用腋下小切口开胸术建立犬慢性心房颤动模型的可行性。方法取健康比格犬14只,随机分为实验组(7只)与对照组(7只)。应用左侧腋下小切口微创技术开胸植入起搏器,实验组犬以400次/分连续起搏8周诱导心房颤动,对照组不起搏。术后观察犬的一般情况,定期监测心电图,记录犬的肢体导联心电图变化,观察心房颤动的发生情况。结果14只犬均顺利完成实验。应用左侧腋下小切口微创技术开胸,手术时间缩短,术后并发症减少。实验组7只犬经连续起搏8周,均出现典型的心房颤动心电图改变。结论应用腋下小切口微创技术开胸制作犬慢性房颤模型是安全可行的,犬术后无手术死亡及严重并发症,恢复快。说明与常规切口开胸手术相比创伤明显减小,值得在犬慢性房颤模型建立中推广应用。     

Dupuytren's Contracture of the Fingers—A Simplified Approach to Surgical Treatment

Hematoma formation, delay in healing, pain, stiffened finger joints are complications that sometimes follow classical surgical approaches to Dupuytren''s contracture. A new surgical approach to the disease that can correct the contractures without the attendant morbidity is urgently needed. By treating Dupuytren''s as any other scar contracture (division of the contracting soft tissue at its point of maximal tension and interposing normal free full-thickness skin) postoperative morbidity can be greatly decreased. Full return of function was achieved within 21 days following operation in 85 percent of the cases in which finger contractures were present before operation. Contracture release of 100 joints was done by this means, with loss of only one graft and without recurrence of the disease. This technique offers simple surgical control of progressive and recurrent Dupuytren''s contracture of the fingers with minimal postoperative morbidity.     

Lumps and bumps: late postsurgical inflammatory and infectious lesions

Late postsurgical infectious or inflammatory complications after facial surgery present a difficult challenge. These complications occur at least 2 weeks after surgical procedures and are often attributable to unique causes, in contrast to complications within the first postoperative week. The most worrisome complications in this period are caused by mycobacterial infections, because these infections can be severe and require a protracted treatment course. A high degree of suspicion is required early in presentation because these lesions can be subtle and similar to other infectious or inflammatory lesions. The authors discuss the clinical manifestations and diagnostic and treatment rationale for late postoperative infectious and inflammatory lesions. The authors also demonstrate and compare the clinical manifestations of mycobacterial infections, bacterial infections, and sterile inflammatory reactions. In addition, the treatment rationale for mycobacterial infections is reviewed. Late postoperative infections caused by mycobacteria are reported with increasing frequency in the cosmetic literature. These cases illustrate diverse challenges in the identification and treatment of late postoperative lesions.     

绿激光膀胱肿瘤汽化术180 例报告

目的:探讨经尿道绿激光膀胱肿瘤汽化术的手术方法、近期疗效及与其它文献方法的比较。方法:采用骶管或硬膜外腔阻滞麻醉,应用美国Laserscope公司生产的非接触式绿激光治疗系统,以30～80W功率对膀胱肿瘤进行汽化。结果:本组汽化时间10～70min,耗能12.23～86.70kJ,出血0～10 ml,术后113例未留置尿管,余67例留置尿管24～96h,膀胱冲洗0～72h,术后住院3～9d,术中均未输血,均未转为开放手术。结论:绿激光膀胱肿瘤汽化术手术安全、操作简单、手术时间短、出血少、痛苦小、留置尿管时间短、康复快,无死角、盲区,可重复性强,是一种理想的微创手术方法。     

微型腹腔镜治疗小儿鞘膜积液的临床研究

目的:评价微型腹腔镜下缝扎鞘状突治疗小儿鞘膜积液的临床治疗效果方法:回顾分析2006年6月至2011年6月应用微型腹腔镜缝扎鞘状突治疗的小儿鞘膜积液1012例的临床资料.结果:均在腹腔镜下完成手术,手术时间单侧( 14.3± 3.7)min,双侧(22.1± 4.2)min.术后发生阴囊肿胀16例,皮下气肿3例,脐上缘切口大网膜突出2例,线结反应2例,均经及时处理后痊愈.无复发、肠粘连、腹腔内脏器损伤、切口感染、医源性隐睾及睾丸萎缩等并发症.结论:微型腹腔镜下鞘状突缝扎术治疗小儿鞘膜积液适用于各型鞘膜积液,具有手术时间短、效果好、损伤小、恢复快、并发症少,并可发现并处理对侧隐性鞘状突未闭合等优点.     

Computed tomography in the comprehensive diagnosis of acute diseases and injuries

The author presents the results of a CT use during combined investigation on 2500 patients and the wounded who were admitted to hospital on emergency as well as patients who developed serious complications during treatment, especially in the postoperative period. CT findings were verified during operation, at autopsy or during a follow-up. They were indicative of a high effectiveness of emergency CT of different organs and systems in the diagnosis of lesions, acute diseases and their complications. The use of CT permitted considerable reduction of a diagnostic (preoperative) period, a decrease in use of routine invasive x-ray and surgical methods, and the improvement of therapeutic results.     

The reversal exchange technique of total calvarial reconstruction for sagittal synostosis

The role of total calvarial reconstruction in the treatment of sagittal synostosis remains controversial, especially in patients younger than 1 year of age. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the efficacy of a single surgical technique for total calvarial reconstruction (the reversal exchange technique) in patients younger than 1 year of age who had a radiographically confirmed diagnosis of sagittal synostosis. Twenty-three consecutive patients underwent the reversal exchange technique of total calvarial reconstruction at a median age of 3 months (age range, 6 weeks to 10 months). Quantitative assessments were performed on the basis of preoperative and postoperative (minimum, 6 months) measurements of the cephalic index (cranial width/cranial length x 100) taken from three-dimensional computed tomography scans, which were obtained in 18 of 23 patients. Aesthetic assessments were performed on the basis of the grading of preoperative and postoperative photographs, obtained in 17 of 23 patients, by three independent raters who were blinded as to the surgical technique. The mean preoperative cephalic index was 65.0, and the mean postoperative index was 76.4, yielding a mean improvement of 11.4 (17.5 percent). By photographic evaluation, 12 of 17 patients (70.6 percent) were classified as having a normal head shape (grade 4) and five of 17 (29.4 percent) as having minor residual deformities (grade 3). No patients were identified as having significant residual deformities (grades 1 or 2). There were two intraoperative complications and one postoperative complication, none of which resulted in permanent morbidity. It was concluded that the reversal exchange technique of total calvarial reconstruction provided significant improvement in head shape on the basis of quantitative measurements (cephalic index) and independent evaluations of aesthetic improvement.     

微创式治疗胆囊结石并胆总管结石的临床研究

目的：探讨腹腔镜与十二指肠镜联合治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的临床应用价值。方法：74例胆囊结合并胆总管结石患者随机分为EST＋LC组（44例）和OC＋OCHTD组（30例）,其中EST＋LC组行十二指肠镜Oddi括约肌切开术（EST）加腹腔镜下胆囊切除术（LC）,OC＋OCHTD组行开腹胆囊切除术（OC）加胆总管切开取石T管引流术（OCHTD）,比较两组手术过程、术后恢复、并发症情况等。结果：①EST＋LC组手术时间长于OC＋OCHTD组,切口长度与术中出血量少于OC＋OCHTD组（P〈0.01或0.05）。②EST＋LC组手术成功率90.91%,取石成功率100%,OC＋OCHTD组手术成功率100%,取石成功率93.33%,两组间差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。③EST＋LC组镇痛药使用率低于OC＋OCHTD组,术后引流时间、肠鸣音恢复时间、肛门排气时间和平均住院时间短于OC＋OCHTD组（P〈0.01或0.05）。④EST＋LC组与OC＋OCHTD组均并发症少,无结石复发。结论：十二指肠镜Oddi括约肌切开术联合加腹腔镜下胆囊切除术治疗胆囊结石和胆总管结石具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少、住院时间短等优势,值得进一步临床推广。     

Treatment of vaginal agenesis with a new vulvovaginoplasty

The correction of vaginal agenesis requires the creation of a canal that is in the correct axis and ideally of adequate size, texture, and secretion. A simple surgical technique is described which has a good anatomic and functional result with minimal morbidity. It combines the traditional dissection of the rectovesical space described by McIndoe with a significantly modified vulvovaginoplasty based on the Williams method. The technique has been performed with good results and no complications in three patients. Closely monitored vaginal dilatation is essential in the postoperative period. At this stage, only one patient has engaged in intercourse.