东濮地区奥陶纪牙形石

本文记叙了东濮地区井下奥陶纪牙形石１６属３２种（１新种、３未定种、４未定属种）,识别出５个牙形石带,１个未建带,自下而上为１．Ｓｃｏｌｏｐｏｄｕｓｆｌｅｘｉｌｉｓ带;２．Ｔａｎｇｓｈａｎｏｄｕｓｔａｎｇｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓ带;３．未建带;４．Ｐｌｅｃｔｏｄｉｎａｏｎｙｃｈｏｄｏｎｔａ带;５．Ａｕｒｉｌｏｂｏｄｕｓｓｅｒｒａｔｕｓ带;６．Ｍｉｃｒｏｃｏｅｌｏｄｕｓａｓｙｍｍｅｔｒｉｃｕｓ－Ｂｅｌｏｄｉｎａｃｏｍｐｒｅｓｓａ带。     

四川宣汉渡口二叠纪“孤峰组”牙形石序列及其全球对比意义

渡口“孤峰组”的牙形石带，自下而上包括Ｍｅｓｏｇｏｎｄｏｌｅｌｌａｓｅｒｒａｔａ带Ｍ．ａｓｅｒｒａｔａ带，Ｍ．ｐｏｓｔｓｅｒｒａｔａ带，Ｍ．ａｌｔｕｄａｅｎｓｉｓ带，Ｍ．ｐｒｅｘｕａｎｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓ带和Ｍ．ｘｕａｎｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓ带。其中前４带可与美国Ｔｅｘａｓ州Ｇｕａｄａｌｕｐｉａｎ统的牙形石带逐个对比。这说明该统Ａｌｔｕｄａ组顶部含Ｍ．ａｌｔｕｄａｅｎｓｉｓ动物群的层位低于吴家坪阶之底：Ｇｕａｄａｌｕｐｉａｎ统和吴家坪阶之间尚存在一个待厘定和命名的新阶。描述了２新种：Ｍ．ｐｒｅｘｕａｎｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和Ｍ．ｘｕａｎｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

试论寒武纪牙形石演化

在牙形石的演化历史中，寒武纪主要是副牙形石的演化时代。中寒武统Ｔａｉｔｚｕｉａ－Ｐｏｓｈａｎｉａ带的牙形石已表现出较大的分异度。副牙形石起源是多源的，但不同时。副牙形石有Ｌａｉｗｕｇｎａｔｈｕｓ→Ｗｅｓｔｅｎｇａａｒｄｏｄｉｎａ谱系和单锥牙形石谱系，后者可分为Ｄｏｌａｂｒｏｄｕｓ→Ｆｕｒｎｉｓｈｉｎａ谱系和Ｐｒｏｏｎｅｏｔｏｄｕｓ谱系。Ｌａｉｗｕｇｎａｔｈｕｓ演化为Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｇａａｒｄｏｄｉｎａ的中间环节是三齿型的Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｇａａｒｄｏｄｉｎａ。Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｇａａｒｄｏｄｉｎａ不同种来源是多源的；真牙形石各属种来源也是多源的，但主要由Ｐｒｏｏｎｅｏｔｏｄｕｓ演化而来。寒武纪牙形石以Ｌａｉｗｕｇｎａｔｈｕｓ等原始副牙形石出现为界，其前为原牙形石演化阶段，其后为副牙形石演化阶段。凤山期为真牙形石演化阶段，这个阶段一直持续到三叠纪末。崮山期与长山期之交副牙形石有重要变化。描述牙形石１新属１９新种３新亚种。     

牙形石Histiodella Hass 四个种的讨论及地层对比意义

作者描述了产自塔里木盆地的HistiodellaHass的四个种,并探讨了它们与中国北方和北美中大陆暖水型牙形石及中国南方和北大西洋冷水型牙形石的对比关系。认为Histiodellasinuosa带对比北美中大陆牙形石动物群3的下部、中国南方Amorphognathusvariabilis带下部和中国北方Aurilobodusleptosomatus-Loxodusdissectus带下部。Histiodellaholodentata带下部相当于中国北方Aurilobodusleptosomatus-Loxodusdissectus带中部或中国南方的Amorphognathusvariabilis带至Eoplacognathussuecicus带的下部。Histiodellakristinae带对比北大西洋区的Eoplacognathussuecicus带中上部和中国北方的Tangshanodustangshanensis带。Histiodellabellburnensis带对比北大西洋区的Eoplacognathussuecicus带的上部到Eoplacognathusfoliaceus带下部。HistiodellaHass与北大西洋区和中国北方区典型牙形石的共同出现可以作为一个桥梁,建立起北美中大陆、北大西洋、塔里木盆地及华北地区牙形石的对比关系。     

祁连山中寒武世牙形石动物群古生态和板块构造

中祁连山中寒武世牙形石动物群产自较深水碳酸岩缓坡环境,时代为张夏期。与华北和华南同期牙形石动力 的群相比、本动物群以原牙形石Ｊｉａｎｇｓｈａｎｏｄｕｓａｆｆ．ｔｒｉａｇｇｕｌｕｓ,Ｇａｐｐａｒｏｄｕｓｂｉｓｕｌｃａｔｕｓ,Ｐｈａｋｅｌｏｄｕｓｔｅｎｕｉｓ等占绝对优势,而副牙形石Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｇａａｒｄｏｄｉｎａ和Ｐｒｏｄｏｎｅｏｔｏｄｕｓ仅占７％,缺乏Ｌａｉｗｕｇｎａｔｈｕｓ,Ｆｕｒｎｉｓｈｉｎａ等     

杭州石荠苎和石香薷（唇形科）的传粉生物学比较研究

杭州石荠苎（ＭｏｓｌａｈａｎｇｃｈｏｕｅｎｓｉｓＭａｔｓｕｄａｓ）和石香薷（Ｍ．ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓＭａｘｉｍ．）是一对种对,前零星分布于浙江,后广布于长江流域以南地区。杭州石荠苎以异花传粉为主,花粉／胚珠（Ｐ／Ｏ）为７５６＝－６１６３;石香薷以自花传粉为主,Ｐ／Ｏ＝１１０。     

川东北二叠纪吴家坪期牙形石（刺）序列及其世界对比

对四川省宣汉县渡口和南江县桥亭吴家坪期地层的系统采集和研究结果表明,吴家坪期至少包括７个牙形石带,自下而上为Ｃｌａｒｋｉｎａｄｕｋｏｕｅｎｓｉｓ带,Ｃ．ａｓｙｍｍｅｔｒｉｃａ带,Ｃ．ｌｅｖｅｎｉ带,Ｃ．ｇｕａｎｙｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓ带,Ｃ．ｔｒａｎｓｃａｕｃａｓｉｃａ带,Ｃ．ｏｒｉｅｎｔａｌｉｓ和Ｃ．ｉｎｆｌｅｃｔａ带。其中,前３个带的层位低于一直作为吴家坪期早期的Ｃ．ｌｉａｎｇｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓ带。吴家坪阶的顶界以置于Ｃ．ｉｎｆｌｅｃｔａ带与Ｃ．ｓｕｂｃａｒｉｎａｔａ带之间较妥。同时,建立了Ｃｌａｒｋｉｎａｄｕｋｏｕｅｎｓｉｓ,Ｃ．ａｓｙｍｍｅｔｒｉｃａ,Ｃ．ｂｉｚａｒｒｅｎｓｉｓ,Ｃ．ｄａｘｉａｎｅｎｓｉｓ,Ｃ．ｄｅｍｉｃｏｒｎｉｓ,Ｃ．ｉｎｆｌｅｃｔａ,Ｃ．ｌｏｎｇｉｃｕｓｐｉｄａｔａ等７个新种。     

广西凌云县罗楼地区早三叠世牙形石

罗楼地区下三叠统,经赵金科（１９５９）研究显示,最低层位为Ｖishnuites marginalis菊石带（Gyronitan阶）,张舜新（１９９０）研究广西凤山金下三叠统形石时,未发现最高的牙形石带,当前研究发现,罗楼地区下三叠统牙形石丰富,可识别出Ｈindeodus parvus,Isarciclla staeschei ,Neospathodus waageni,Neospathodus novaehel-landiae,Neospathodus homeri-Neospathodus triangularis,Chiosella timorensis6个牙形石带（组合带）,从而表明该地区不但存在下三叠统底部层位Ｏtoceratan阶,而且存在下三叠统最高的牙形石带,牙形石组合面貌和岩相显示,该牙形石动物群生活环境与田东县作登地区同属盆地相环境。     

贵州疣螈的核型和C-带研究

贵州疣螈的核型和Ｃ－带研究ＡＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＫＡＲＹＯＴＹＰＥＳＡＮＤＣ－ＢＡＮＤＩＮＧＳＯＦＴｙｌｏｔｏｔｒｉｔｏｎｋｗｅｉｃｈｏｗｅｎｓｉｓ关键词贵州疣螈,核型,ＺＷ－染色体,Ｃ－带ＫｅｙｗｏｒｄｓＴｙｌｏｔｏｔｒｉｔｏｎｋｗｅｉｃｈｏｗｅｎｓｉｓ...     

鄂尔多斯地台南缘中奥陶统双笔石类笔石的研究

记述陕西中部耀县、富平、泾阳三县中奥陶统平和挑启坡组双笔石类：Ｏｒｔｈｏｇｒａｐｔｕｓ，Ｇｌｙｐｔｏｇｒａｐｔｕｓ，Ｃｌｉｍａｃｏｇｒａｐｔｕｓ和Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｃｌｉｍａｃｏｇｒａｐｔｕｓ等４属中的１４种，其中包括１新种和２新亚种。建立了Ｃｌｉｍａｃｏｇｒａｐｔｕｓｂｉｃｏｒｎｉｓ带和Ｏｒｔｈｏｇｒａｐｔｕｓｌｏｎｇｉｔｈｅｃａｌｉｓ带，并讨论了桃启坡组的时代问题。     

Ordovizische Problematika III.Ancientia Ross, 1967 aus Europa

The problematicumAncientia Ross, 1967, hitherto known only from the Upper Ordovician of Ohio, is described for the first time from the Middle and Upper Ordovician of Europe. Three species are new.     

Preliminary palynological investigation of Saudi Arabian Upper Ordovician glacial sediments

An Ordovician stratigraphically admixed palynomorph assemblage that contains palynomorphs eroded from Middle through Upper Ordovician strata characterizes the Hawban Member (restricted) of the Sarah Formation in central Saudi Arabia. This distinctive assemblage, combined with detailed sedimentology, helps identify the presence of Hirnantian Gondwanan glacial sediments on the Arabian Plate. Similar Ordovician admixed assemblages have been recognized from Upper Ordovician glacial sediments elsewhere along the Gondwanan margin. Within Saudi Arabia the composition of reworked assemblages depends upon the stratigraphic succession exposed to glacial erosion. Sylvanidium? hawbanense, which is one of the acritarchs found in glacial sediments, is newly described from Arabian Upper Ordovician strata.     

New Upper Cambrian Lingulata (Brachiopoda) from the Agyrek mountains (northeastern central Kazakhstan)

Two new genera, Repkinella and Aristotreta, and five new species from the class Lingulata (Brachiopoda) are described from the Upper Cambrian olistolith limestone enclosed in the Upper Ordovician olistostrome from the Agyrek mountains (northeastern Kazakhstan). The family Curticiidae Walcott et Schuchert is referred to the order Lingulida, not order Acrotretida, where it was previously placed.     

The effects of the final stages of the Late Ordovician glaciation on marine palynomorphs (chitinozoans, acritarchs, leiospheres) in well Nl-2 (NE Algerian Sahara)

Palynomorph assemblages, especially chitinozoans and acritarchs, from the Upper Ordovician of well Nl-2 (north-east of the Algerian Sahara) are studied in order to precisely date the ultimate effects of the Late Ordovician glaciation and to document the impact of this major climatic stress on the diversity of the palynoplankton. References are made to stable isotope excursions and to global eustatic sea level variations in order to improve the local age determination. The Hassi el Hadjar Formation, i.e. glacio-marine diamictites, is interpreted as a transgressive event resulting from the melting of the northern Gondwana ice cap. It yields poorly preserved and moderately diverse chitinozoans of late Hirnantian age. Acritarchs are more abundant in the lower part of these "microconglomeratic clays", but display a low diversity and are badly preserved throughout the whole formation. Reworked individuals are recorded in both groups. The marine sediments of the M'Kratta Formation of latest Hirnantian age contain better preserved, more abundant and more diverse palynomorph assemblages, especially in the Upper Member. The composition of this palynoplankton indicates a fairly good faunal and phytoplankton recovery after the early Hirnantian climatic stress.The extinction of the Ordovician forms, and the appearance of Silurian type taxa occur only in the uppermost Hirnantian, i.e. following with a slight delay the glacial event. The overlying black shales of Wenlock age (lower part of the Oued Mehaiguène Formation) are indicative of marine anoxic environments. They yield a virtually exclusive, but enormous number of Tasmanacea. The very peculiar composition of this palynoplankton seems to be independent of the Late Ordovician glaciation and is most likely related to the factors that, later, generated and maintained anoxic conditions in this area.A new species of chitinozoan, Spinachitina oulebsiri sp. nov. from the latest Hirnantian M'Kratta Formation, is described and illustrated.     

Discovery of rhombifera (Echinoderms) in the Ordovician of Mongolia

Two new rhombiferan species Echinosphaerites mongolicus sp. nov. and Stichocystis altaicus sp. nov., described from a recently discovered Upper Ordovician locality in the Mongolian Altai, on the Chegertei River, suggest possible biogeographic links between this region and Gondwana and Baltica in the Ordovician. In the Upper Ordovician beds in the East Gobi Depression near Saishand Well, we identified the crinoid Ristnacrinus, previously recorded from the Ordovician of Estonia and Central Asia.     

The trace fossil Thalassinoides from the Upper Ordovician of Tuva

Traces of Thalassinoides (the tunnels of unknown burrowing organisms) are described from carbonates of the Khondelensky layers of the Upper Ordovician of Tuva. Hitherto, this fossil was unknown in the Ordovician of the USSR. They demonstrate great similarity with Thalassinoides from coeval deposits of the Great Basin, USA. The traces are assumed to have been made in terrigenous-carbonate sediments deposited on the areas of a gently sloping shelf in quiet water, below wave base. □ Upper Ordovician, terrigenous-carbonate sediments, burrows.     

Biostratigraphy, biodiversity and palaeoenvironments of the chitinozoans and associated palynomorphs from the Upper Ordovician of the Central Anti-Atlas, Morocco

The range, abundance and diversity of Upper Ordovician chitinozoans and of various other organic-walled microfossils (i.e., acritarchs, leiospheres, scolecodonts) have been documented in the Bou-Ingarf section, Central Anti-Atlas, Morocco. The goal of this study is to provide a refined biostratigraphic scheme for the Lower Ktaoua, the Upper Tiouririne, the Upper Ktaoua and the Lower Second Bani formations in order to locate the initial effects of the Late Ordovician glaciation on the composition of assemblages of organic-walled microfossils. Five Late Ordovician chitinozoan biozones belonging to the North Gondwana zonation are identified. During the late Caradoc and early Ashgill, no significant changes in chitinozoan assemblages are recorded that could be attributed to any dramatic climatic and/or environmental events. The almost absence of phytoplanktonic elements (acritarchs and leiospheres) and of cryptospores in the fistulosa/barbata and in the nigerica biozones are interpreted as resulting of lower offshore environmental conditions. The reappearance of a variety of palynomorphs in the lower part of the elongata biozone does not indicate drastic climatic changes but more likely a shallowing trend of the marine environment and an increased primary production, possibly related to a cooling of the surface water masses subsequently to early effects of a general climatic cooling. The first obvious evidence of the Late Ordovician glaciation occurs in the lower part of the elongata biozone, at the base of the sandy member topping the Lower Second Bani Formation. This sandy deposit is interpreted as the result of a dramatic fall of the sea level due to the development of the Hirnantian ice cap on Gondwana. This short-lived glaciation ended when the northern Gondwanan ice cap melted during the upper part of the elongata and the oulebsiri biozones. A biological crisis affected both the chitinozoans and the acritarchs just after this glaciation, i.e., in the latest Hirnantian.     

Chitinozoan biostratigraphy of the Upper Ordovician Fågelsång GSSP, Scania, southern Sweden

In the Fågelsång section, the new Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Upper Ordovician Series, 22 samples from the E14 (a, b and c) and E15 outcrops have been studied for chitinozoans. They yield rich and rather diverse species assemblages of this microfossil group. The approximately 16-m-thick sampled part of the section can be subdivided, from bottom to top, into two biozones and a subbiozone: the Laufeldochitina stentor zone, the Eisenackitina rhenana subzone and the Lagenochitina dalbyensis zone. The boundary between the lowest biozone and the subzone is situated 1.7 m below the marker “Fågelsång Phosphorite” bed, thus only slightly lower (0.3 m) than the base of the Nemagraptus gracilis graptolite biozone, which defines the base of the Upper Ordovician Series. The base of the L. dalbyensis zone is located just above the Fågelsång Phosphorite, remarkably low compared to the graptolite biostratigraphy. It is evident that the chitinozoan biozonation provides an additional tool to recognise the base of the Upper Ordovician in this section. Furthermore, a distinct faunal change is shown across the phosphorite bed, possibly indicating a hiatus.     

The changing face of the deep: Colonization of the Early Ordovician deep-sea floor, Puna, northwest Argentina

An Upper Tremadocian deep-sea ichnofauna from the Chiquero Formation of Puna, northwest Argentina, represents a link between Ediacaran and Cambrian microbial-mat dominated ecosystems and younger Ordovician deep-marine trace-fossil assemblages. This ichnofauna is preserved at the base of thin-bedded turbidites formed in the lobe fringe of a back-arc deep-sea fan. While Ediacaran–Cambrian deep-marine trace fossils are typically linked to matground grazing and feeding, microbial textures in the Chiquero Formation are rare and not associated with trace fossils. Morphologic patterns (e.g. radial trace fossils and networks) of the Chiquero ichnofauna indicate the onset of novel trophic types, recording trapping of microorganisms and bacterial farming. However, in comparison with younger Ordovician deep-sea ichnofaunas, graphoglyptids are relatively rare, poorly diverse, and geometrically simpler. This study indicates that the Early Ordovician was a pivotal point in the ecology of deep-sea infaunal communities. This Upper Tremadocian ichnofauna records the arrival of the Agronomic Revolution to the deep sea. Comparisons with slightly older and younger deep-sea ichnofaunas demonstrate that the colonization of the deep sea was a protracted process spanning the Early Paleozoic, lagging behind colonization of nearshore and offshore substrates.     

中国新疆塔里木盆地上奥陶统良里塔格组的钙藻化石

钙藻是可以发生生物钙化作用形成钙质"骨骼"的分属多个门类的藻类的俗称。钙藻最早出现于寒武纪,奥陶纪发生第一次辐射演化。本文系统讨论了绿藻门绒枝藻目(Dasycladales)、羽藻目钙扇藻科(Udoteaceae)的科和属级分类标准和红藻门珊瑚藻科、管孔藻科(Solenoporaceae)属级分类标准及其中各属分类中存在的问题。塔里木盆地晚奥陶世在塔中—巴楚台地和塔北台地发育了一套礁滩相良里塔格组碳酸盐岩,其中含有丰富的钙藻化石。本文系统描述了来自塔里木盆地塔中、巴楚、塔北地区取心井上奥陶统良里塔格组岩层中的钙藻化石11个属15个种。包括绿藻门绒枝藻目西莱特藻科(Seletonellaceae)的Dasyporella,Kazakhstanelia,Vermiporella,Aphroporella,Arthroporella,绿藻门的羽藻目Bryopsidales(siphonales)的钙扇藻科的Dimor phosiphon,Palaeo porella,红藻门珊瑚藻目(Corallinales)的管孔藻科的Solenopora,Parachaetetes及Corallinales incertus familiae的Petro-phyton,以及分类位置不明的Monili porella。其中绒枝藻Ajakmalajsoria被视作Kazakhstanelia的同义名。