人脑星形细胞瘤中p27 kip1 蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原PCNA 表达的变化

目的:研究p27kip1蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)在星形细胞瘤中的表达与肿瘤病理分级的关系,探讨p27kip1蛋白在星形细胞瘤演变过程中的意义。方法:SP免疫组化法对64例星形细胞瘤的p27kip1蛋白和PCNA表达进行观察。结果:随着病理级别的升高,p27kip1阳性细胞百分率降低,而PCNA则相反,两者的表达成显著负相关。结论:p27kip1表达的缺失可能与星形细胞瘤的发生发展密切相关,PCNA能较客观地反映肿瘤的恶性程度。     

P53、PCNA、ki-67在大肠癌中的表达与临床意义

目的 检测P53、PCNA、ki-67在大肠癌中的表达及其与大肠癌及临床病理因素的关系,为大肠癌临床的诊疗提供一定的依据.方法 应用免疫组化法（SP法）检测53例大肠癌中P53（突变型）、PCNA、ki-67蛋白的表达.结果 P53蛋白、PCNA蛋白、Ki-67蛋白在大肠癌组织中的表达分别为67.92%、100%、86.79%,与在相对应的正常大肠粘膜组织中的表达（分别为0%、7.14%、10.71%）相比,差异有显著统计学意义（P＜0.01）.ki-67蛋白的表达和患者性别有相关性.此外,PCNA蛋白和ki-67蛋白表达呈正相关.在大肠癌中P53蛋白与PCNA蛋白、ki-67蛋白之间表达无相关性.结论 1.P53、PCNA和ki-67蛋白在大肠癌中的过表达可能与大肠癌的发生发展密切相关.2.在大肠癌组织中,PCNA、ki-67和P53之间的表达均无明显相关,提示大肠癌发生过程中肿瘤细胞的增殖与抑癌基因突变是相对独立的致病机制.3.PCNA表达与ki-67表达呈显著正相关,而PCNA表达与大肠癌患者性别无关,ki-67表达则与大肠癌患者性别有关,提示ki-67在大肠癌不同性别患者间表达差异受ki-67不同于PCNA的细胞周期影响.     

p27kip1基因纳米粒子抑制鼠移植静脉内膜增殖的实验研究

用美国FDA批准使用的生物可降解材料聚乳酸聚乙醇酸共聚物 (PLGA) 为载体材料,制备载p27kip1基因的纳米粒子. 用激光光散射法测定纳米粒子的平均粒径为288.9 nm,粒径呈窄分布,扫描电镜观察纳米粒子表面光滑. DNA含量为3%. 包封效率为86%. 观察p27kip1基因纳米粒子的体外释放情况,发现DNA体外最初释放速度较大,约1周后释放速度开始减缓,可维持平稳释放15天以上. 体外转染大鼠血管平滑肌细胞,用流式细胞仪检测到p27kip1基因纳米粒子对细胞周期进程的抑制作用. 建立自体静脉移植大鼠模型,随机分成三组进行试验：p27kip1基因纳米粒子组,空白纳米粒子组,单纯静脉移植组. 分别于给药后3天、7天、14天、28天取材,HE染色及Verhoeff 染色检测内膜厚度,蛋白质印迹检测P27抑癌基因蛋白的表达,免疫组化SABC法检测移植静脉内膜PCNA、E2F表达. 动物模型试验中转基因组内膜平均厚度较其他组明显减少 (P < 0.01);转基因组PCNA的表达较其他组明显降低 (P < 0.01);转基因组E2F的表达7 ~ 14天较其他组显著降低 (P < 0.01);对照组及单纯静脉移植组之间均无明显差异. 纳米粒子作为p27kip1基因载体能够有效抑制自体静脉移植后内膜平滑肌细胞的增殖.     

肺磨玻璃结节中ki-67的表达及与P53,EGFR,CEA相关性研究

目的:为探究不同病理类型的肺磨玻璃结节(ground-glass opacity,GGO)中ki-67的表达情况及其与肺癌相关标志物p53、p63、EGFR等表达的相关性。方法:收集从2012年10月至2014年10月我院胸外科收治的254例GGO病人的临床病史、影像、病理及血常规等资料予以回顾性分析。结果:Ki-67表达量从良性组(n=66),不典型腺瘤样增生(atypical adenomatous hyperplasia,AAH,n=27),到原位癌(adenocarcinoma in situ,AIS,n=11),微浸润腺癌(minimally invasive adenocarcinoma,MIA,n=108),最后到浸润性腺癌(invasive adenocarcinoma,IAC,n=42)即随着早期肺癌的演进过程不断增高。Ki-67与各标志物的相关系数为0.386(p53,P0.001)、0.227(EGFR,P=0.024)、0.441(CEA,P0.001)。通过ROC曲线分析得到ki-67来判别良恶性GGO的曲线下面积和最佳阈值,也得到了早期肺癌演进过程中ki-67阈值变化。恶性GGO组全血细胞中平均单核细胞含量低于良性组GGO,且差异有统计学意义。结论:ki-67表达量在不同病理类别的GGO中有显著性差异,且在肺癌演进过程中依次增高,可作为鉴别早期肺癌不同病理类型的参考依据和预后因子;ki-67与P53、EGFR及CEA的表达具有一定的相关性。     

ADAM17通过EGFR-PI3K/Akt/p27通路调控前列腺癌细胞增殖

ADAM17是金属蛋白酶家族(ADAMs)成员之一,研究发现ADAM17可以通过水解细胞表面蛋白的胞外结构域导致肿瘤细胞的增殖和转移.本课题前期研究结果显示,与LNCap细胞相比,ADAM17在DU145细胞中高表达,且与细胞增殖相关.为了研究ADAM17与前列腺癌细胞增殖相关基因p27表达的关系及调控机制,我们采用RNAi技术下调ADAM17的表达,加入PMA(一种ADAM17的激活剂)上调ADAM17的表达,通过细胞计数和CCK-8方法检测细胞增殖,RT-PCR检测p27mRNA的表达,Western印迹检测ADAM17的表达;进一步阻断EGFR和PI3K/Akt信号转导,RT-PCR方法检测p27mRNA的表达,Western印迹检测ADAM17、EGFR、pEGFR、Akt和pAkt的表达.结果显示ADAM17的表达与前列腺癌细胞的增殖呈正相关(P0.05);p27mRNA的表达与ADAM17的表达呈负相关(P0.05);分别阻断EGFR和PI3K/Akt信号转导通路,同时使ADAM17表达增加,与对照组(单独PMA处理组)相比,p27mRNA的表达均增加(P0.05).提示ADAM17调控前列腺癌细胞增殖相关基因p27表达是通过EGFR-PI3K/Akt信号通路实现的.     

FOXO3a过表达对内皮祖细胞周期相关蛋白的调控

目的:观察FOXO3a(forkhead box O3a)的活性改变对内皮祖细胞(endothelial progenitor cells,EPCs)增殖和细胞周期相关蛋白表达的影响。方法:将携带突变激活FOXO3a基因的腺病毒载体Ad-TM(triple mutant)-FOXO3a和阴性对照腺病毒载体Ad-GFP体外感染人脐血来源的EPCs。观察EPCs形态学改变,CCK-8分析转染后EPCs增殖情况,Western blot检测FOXO3a蛋白、细胞周期相关蛋白p27kip1以及CDK2的表达水平。结果:构建了的2种腺病毒相关载体被成功转染。形态学改变方面,Ad-TM-FOXO3a组EPCs细胞生长缓慢,集落不明显;Western blot和CCK-8结果显示,Ad-TM-FOXO3a转染组与阴性对照组相比,EPCs增殖被抑制,FOXO3a与p27kip1蛋白过表达,CDK2表达下调。结论:FOXO3a可能通过上调p27kip1蛋白表达,下调CDK2表达,以抑制EPCs增殖。     

p27kip1蛋白在胶质瘤细胞中的表达及定位研究

目的：探讨胶质瘤细胞中p27酬蛋白的表达、定位,为进一步研究p27kip1在胶质瘤发生、发展过程中的功能奠定理论基础。方法：用免疫荧光方法检测U87、LN308细胞p27kiP1蛋白的定位情况;进一步分离两种细胞的细胞质与细胞核,在显微镜下观察细胞核形态并用DAPI染色分析细胞核完整性,提取蛋白用Westernblotting。方法检测分离的细胞质与细胞核蛋白的纯度,并检测p27kip1,在细胞中的表达情况。结果：成功分离了细胞的细胞浆与细胞核,并得到纯度较好的细胞浆蛋白与细胞核蛋白。确定了p27kip1蛋白主要表达于U87和LN308细胞的细胞质中。结论：p27kip1蛋白在恶性胶质瘤中可能主要表达在细胞质中,并且其亚细胞定位可能与胶质瘤的恶性程度相关。     

神经胶质瘤中PTEN、Ki-67和HIF-1α的表达及临床意义

目的:抑癌基因PTEN、癌基因Ki-67及HIF-1α对多种人类肿瘤的恶性进展均起重要的调控作用。本研究主要探讨PTEN、Ki-67及HIF-1α在人脑胶质瘤中的表达及临床意义,为胶质瘤患者预后的判定、分子病理学的诊断、基因靶向的治疗奠定理论基础。方法:在83例原发性人脑胶质瘤组织样本中,通过免疫组化的方法检测PTEN、Ki-67及HIF-1α的表达情况,并分析其表达相互间及其表达与肿瘤恶性级别之间的相关性。结果:在正常脑组织中,PTEN的表达均为阳性,Ki-67的表达均为阴性,10%(1/10)的样本HIF-1α的表达为阳性。在胶质细胞瘤中,PTEN的表达显著降低(P=0.001),而Ki-67(P0.001)和HIF-1α(P=0.001)的表达明显增高。随肿瘤恶性级别的增高,PTEN的表达呈降低趋势(P0.001),而Ki-67和HIF-1α的表达呈升高趋势(两者P均0.001)。相关性分析表明,PTEN的表达与Ki-67和HIF-1α的表达呈负相关(r值分别为-0.289和-0.304;P值分别为0.008和0.005),Ki-67的表达与HIF-1α的表达呈正相关(r=0.833;P0.001)。结论:胶质瘤组织缺乏抑癌基因PTEN蛋白的表达,而高度表达癌基因Ki-67和HIF-1α。抑癌基因PTEN表达减少或失活,癌基因Ki-67和HIF-1α的过表达对胶质瘤恶性进展可能起到至关重要的作用。PTEN、Ki-67和HIF-1α蛋白的联合检测对胶质瘤恶性程度和预后的判定有十分重要的临床意义。     

功能区胶质瘤患者初级运动皮层激活的偏侧化及运动网络功能连接研究

无运动障碍的功能区胶质瘤患者,其手术风险较高,结合手运动任务态功能磁共振(fMRI)及运动网络功能连接能否更准确的评估手术风险需要进一步探索.本研究收集24例运动功能区胶质瘤且无明显肢体运动功能障碍的患者,非运动功能区胶质瘤患者8例,术前进行fMRI手运动任务态及静息态检查,术后3个月对患者进行随访.计算初级运动皮质(M1)激活的偏侧化指数(lateralization indices,LI).选取运动网络感兴趣区域(ROI),计算双侧M1与各ROI间功能连接系数(FC).运用受试者工作特性曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)评估M1激活的LI对术后偏瘫的预测效能.同非运动功能区胶质瘤患者相比,运动功能区胶质瘤患者M1激活LI显著升高(P=0.001).同术后未偏瘫功能区胶质瘤患者相比,术后偏瘫患者M1激活LI值显著升高(P=0.011).ROC曲线下面积(AUC)=0.867,临界点LI=0.31,LI≥0.31对术后偏瘫预测灵敏性为87.5%,特异性为87.5%.以M1激活LI≥0.31将病人分为手术高风险组及低风险组,手术高风险组患者双侧M1与运动网络多个ROI间FC出现显著改变.本研究中功能区胶质瘤患者虽无肢体运动功能障碍,但肿瘤对功能区皮层激活及运动网络FC已有不同程度的破坏;结合任务态及静息态fMRI可以更好地评估手术风险并了解机体功能受损及代偿机制.     

布地奈德对人气道上皮9HTEo-细胞增殖的影响及机制

探究布地奈德(budesonide,BUD)对人气道上皮9HTEo-细胞增殖的影响及机制,利用CCK-8法检测BUD对9HTEo-细胞增殖的影响,荧光显微镜观察经BUD处理后9HTEo-细胞形态的改变,流式细胞术检测细胞周期分布变化,Western blot检测p27kip1蛋白表达.CCK-8法结果显示3～10 μmol/L BUD对细胞具有显著的抑制作用(P＜0.01);荧光显微镜下,1～10 μmol/L BUD处理后细胞可见明显的增殖受抑、凋亡形态;流式细胞术检测G0/G1期细胞随着BUD浓度的增加而增多,S期细胞逐渐减少;Western blot检测结果提示BUD能使p27kip1表达增加.由此可见,BUD对人气道上皮细胞株9HTEo-具有显著增殖抑制作用,其作用与提高p27kip1蛋白的表达,将细胞阻滞在G0/G1期有关.     

肺癌中金属硫蛋白的表达及其与细胞增殖、凋亡的关系

目的　探讨肺癌中金属硫蛋白 (Metallothionein ,MT)的表达及其与临床病理学参数、Ki 6 7、P5 3和凋亡的关系。方法　免疫组织化学SP法对 5 6例石蜡包埋的肺癌组织分别进行MT、Ki 6 7、P5 3蛋白的检测并对 11例石蜡包埋的癌旁正常支气管组织进行MT蛋白的检测。TUNEL法对 19例MT蛋白阴性和弱阳性表达及 2 8例MT蛋白中等阳性和强阳性表达的肺癌标本进行原位细胞凋亡检测。结果　MT蛋白在肺癌中的表达高于其在正常支气管组织中的表达 ,但无显著差异 (P =0 5 6 1) ;肺癌中MT蛋白的表达与患者的性别、肿瘤的组织学类型及分化程度有关 (均为P <0 0 5 ) ,与患者的年龄、肿瘤大小、TNM分期和淋巴结转移与否无关 (均为P >0 0 5 ) ,与Ki 6 7蛋白的表达呈正相关 (r=0 2 78,P <0 0 5 ) ,与凋亡呈负相关 (r=- 0 319,P <0 0 5 ) ,与P5 3蛋白的表达无显著相关 (r=0 16 7,P >0 0 5 )。结论　MT蛋白的表达与肺癌的分化程度、Ki 6 7及凋亡显著相关 ,MT可作为判断肺癌细胞分化程度、增殖活性及凋亡等的指标。     

人脑星形细胞瘤中p27kip1蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原PCNA表达的变化

目的：研究p27kip1蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原（proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA）在星形细胞瘤中的表达与肿瘤病理分级的关系,探讨p27kip1蛋白在星形细胞瘤演变过程中的意义。方法：SP免疫组化法对64例星形细胞瘤的p27kip1蛋白和PCNA表达进行观察。结臬：随着病理级别的升高,p27kip1阳性细胞百分率降低,而PCNA则相反,两者的表达成显著负相关。结论：p27kip1表达的缺失可能与星形细胞瘤的发生发展密切相关,PCNA能较客观地反映肿瘤的恶性程度。     

The proteasome controls the expression of a proliferation-associated nuclear antigen Ki-67

The proteasome is a protease complex responsible for rapid, selective, and irreversible removal of regulatory proteins, as well as many other cellular proteins. In this study, we have demonstrated that a proliferation-associated nuclear protein Ki-67 depended on the proteasome for its rapid degradation. A proteasome-specific inhibitor lactacystin augmented Ki-67 protein levels in pancreatic cancer BxPC-3 cells while repressed the level of steady-state Ki-67 mRNA. Inhibition of the proteasome also led to accumulation of two CDK inhibitors p27(kip1) and p21(cip1) in the BxPC-3 cells. Failed reduction of Ki-67 protein and enhanced levels of the two CDK inhibitors are likely contributing factors for the suppressed BxPC-3 proliferation after proteasome inhibition.     

Immunohistochemical analyses of cell cycle-related proteins, apoptosis, and proliferation in pituitary adenomas.

To analyze the cell cycle regulatory mechanisms in the growth of pituitary adenomas, we investigated immunohistochemically the expression of the cell cycle-related proteins cyclin A and p27 in 48 pituitary adenomas. The frequency of apoptosis and the proliferative potential were also examined. The percentage of apoptotic cells was evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis using the anti-single-strand DNA antibody. The proliferative potential was assessed using the anti-Ki-67 antibody. The mean cyclin A labeling index (LI) for the non-recurrent group was 1.03% and for the recurrent group 2.31%. A positive linear correlation between cyclin A LI and Ki-67 LI was found. The mean p27 LI for the non-recurrent group was 67.4% and for the recurrent group 47.0%. There were significant differences in cyclin A LI and p27 LI between the non-recurrent group and the recurrent group. The mean apoptotic rate for the non-recurrent group was 0.87% and for the recurrent group 1.05%. There was no significant difference. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that high cyclin A LI and high Ki-67 LI were significant factors for shorter progression-free survival. The results suggest that the cyclin A LI is a useful prognostic factor in pituitary adenomas. (J Histochem Cytochem 49:1193-1194, 2001)     

p53 protein expression and proliferative activity in imprints of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder

OBJECTIVE: To investigate p53 protein expression and proliferative activity in imprints of tumor biopsies from superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder in relation to the histologic grade of malignancy and recurrence status. STUDY DESIGN: The study group consisted of 70 cases of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. In order to investigate p53 protein expression and Ki-67 expression, an immunocytochemical avidin-extravidin complex technique was performed using monoclonal antibodies p53 D0-7 and proliferating cells correspondingly. RESULTS: Thirty-seven percent of superficial transitional cell carcinoma cases showed positive expression of p53 protein. No correlation was found between p53 protein expression and grade of malignancy (P = .45). p53 Protein expression was statistically correlated with a high Ki-67 labeling index (LI) (P < .001) and recurrence status (P < .001). Forty-seven percent of cases showed a Ki-67 LI > 25%. No correlation was found between a high Ki-67 LI and grade of malignancy (P = .703). A significant difference in high Ki-67 LI between recurrent and nonrecurrent tumors of the same grade (P < .001) and between recurrent and nonrecurrent tumors was found independently of grade (P < .001). CONCLUSION: These results on cytologic material could provide useful information on the biologic behavior of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder at the time of diagnosis.     

p27kip1、Cyclin D1在卵巢癌中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨p27kip1、Cyclin D1在卵巢癌发生方面的意义.方法应用免疫组织化学方法及半定量分析方法,检测50例卵巢癌、19例卵巢良性上皮肿瘤、 13例正常卵巢组织中的p27kip1和Cyclin D1表达,并分析它们与良恶性肿瘤、病理学分级、临床分期的相关性. 结果正常卵巢和卵巢良性肿瘤间,p27和Cyclin D1的各自表达无明显差异;p27在正常卵巢组织和卵巢良性上皮肿瘤中高表达,在卵巢癌中表达降低(P<0.05),且随着肿瘤分级、分期增高(恶性程度增高),阳性表达率逐渐下降;而Cyclin D1的表达则相反;两者在肿瘤中的表达呈负相关.结论 p27kip表达下降、Cyclin D1过表达可能在卵巢癌的发生中起重要作用,检测p27kip1、Cyclin D1在卵巢癌中的表达可预测肿瘤生物学行为特征,可以作为判断预后的指标.     

Immunocytochemical evaluation of proliferative activity in human brain tumours

The immunocytochemical expression of the antigen reacting with the monoclonal antibody Ki-67 (Ki-67 positivity) was investigated in 50 imprint preparations from human brain tumours. Data were related to tumour proliferative activity, as determined from in vivo bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation (BrdU-labelling index, BrdU-LI) and histology. The percentage of Ki-67-positive cells was greater than the corresponding BrdU-LI value in all tumours, and the differences in Ki-67 positivity among tumour subtypes paralleled the BrdU-LI differences. Both the BrdU-LI and the percentage of Ki-67 positive cells were significantly greater (P less than 0.005) in the group of clinically aggressive adult tumours, histologically identified as anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas, than in the less aggressive ones (oligodendroglioma, meningiomas, schwannomas, pituitary adenomas, dermoid cyst) and in the cerebral metastatic localizations. These data suggest that Ki-67 positivity, which is easily evaluated with immunocytochemistry, is related to the proliferative activity of brain tumours and that this parameter is endowed with clinical significance.     

Sex steroid receptor expression in the oviduct and uterus of sheep with estrus synchronized with progestagen or prostaglandin analogues

The objective of this study was to investigate differences in the expression of estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha), progesterone receptor (PR) and the proliferative indexes (Ki-67), in the uterus and oviduct of sheep with estrus synchronized either by prostaglandin analogues (Group PA, n=27) or by treatment with progestagens (Group P, n=29) on days 4 and 7 (day 0=estrus), when the embryos were collected. Immunohistochemical methods were used to quantify ERalpha, PR and Ki-67 in six superficial and deep compartments in the uterus and oviduct. The expression of ERalpha was significantly (P<0.01) lower in progestagen treated ewes than in prostaglandin analogues treated group in the luminal epithelium, superficial glands and superficial stroma in the uterus on day 4. The expression of PR was significantly lower in progesterone treated ewes than in the PA Group in the superficial gland (P<0.05) in both days studied. The lowest expression of PR was observed in the luminal caruncular epithelium and superficial glands in both treatments, obtaining the lowest levels on day 4 (P<0.05). There were significant differences between days 4 and 7 in the Ki-67 immunostaining in the luminal epithelium (P<0.01) and superficial glands (P<0.05). A higher cell proliferation was observed in the uterine epithelium (P<0.05) on day 4 in the animals treated with progestagens. Results indicate that sheep with synchronization of estrus with progestagens showed a reduction of ERalpha and PR protein expression in most of oviductal and uterine cells.     

p27kip1 overexpression promotes paclitaxel-induced apoptosis in pRb-defective SaOs-2 cells

p27kip1 is a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, which controls several cellular processes in strict collaboration with pRb. We evaluated the role of p27kip1 in paclitaxel-induced apoptosis in the pRb-defective SaOs-2 cells. Following 48 h of exposure of SaOs-2 cells to 100 nM paclitaxel, we observed an increase in p27kip1 expression caused by the decrease of the ubiquitin-proteasome activity. Such increase was not observed in SaOs-2 cells treated with the caspase inhibitors Z-VAD-FMK, suggesting that p27kip1 enhancement at 48 h is strictly related to apoptosis. Finally, we demonstrated that SaOs-2 cells transiently overexpressing the p27kip1 protein are more susceptible to paclitaxel-induced apoptosis than SaOs-2 cells transiently transfected with the empty vector. Indeed, after 48 h of paclitaxel treatment, 41.8% of SaOs-2 cells transiently transfected with a pcDNA3-p27kip1 construct were Annexin V-positive compared to 30.6% of SaOs-2 cells transfected with the empty vector (P < 0.05). In conclusion, we demonstrated that transfection of the pRb-defective SaOs-2 cells with the p27kip1 gene via plasmid increases their susceptibility to paclitaxel-induced apoptosis. The promoting effect of p27kip1 overexpression on apoptosis makes p27kip1 and proteasomal inhibitors interesting tools for therapy in patients with pRb-defective cancers.