2000-2015年丹顶鹤重要繁殖地景观格局变化研究

以18个自然保护区为研究对象，全面系统地研究了我国丹顶鹤大陆种群重要繁殖地景观格局变化，结果表明：2000-2015年丹顶鹤重要繁殖地土地利用变化明显，突出表现为沼泽湿地面积急剧减少了1400.5 km²，主要转化为耕地、水体和草地，耕地面积大幅增加了1085.4 km²，主要由沼泽湿地、草地和林地转化而来；丹顶鹤重要繁殖地2000-2015年景观连通性保持稳定，但吉林莫莫格、黑龙江七星河、挠力河等自然保护区景观破碎化程度明显增加；东部种群重要繁殖地沼泽湿地缩减面积和不适宜生境增加面积均大于西部种群，表明东部种群繁殖地的恶化程度更为严重，需引起高度关注。首次基于长时间序列对丹顶鹤大陆种群繁殖地的变化开展了较为全面的研究，为有针对性地开展栖息地保护管理工作、促进丹顶鹤野生种群健康可持续发展提供了依据。

Landscape dynamics of the important breeding habitats of the red-crowned crane during 2000-2015

Taking 18 nature reserves as the research objects, this paper systematically studied the landscape dynamics of important breeding habitats of the continental population of the red-crowned crane from 2000 to 2015 in China. The results showed that the land use structure varied, with a sharp decrease in marshland area and a substantial increase in farmland area. The marshland area decreased by 1400.5 km², and was mainly converted to farmlands, water bodies, and grasslands. The farmland area increased by 1085.4 km², and was mostly converted from marshlands, grasslands, and woodlands. Landscape connectivity in those important breeding habitats of the red-crowned crane remained stable from 2000 to 2015, but landscape fragmentation strengthened in some of the important breeding habitats, such as the Momoge, Qixinghe, and Naolihe Nature Reserves. Considering that the shrinkage of marshlands and the increase of unsuitable habitats in the important breeding habitats of the eastern population of the red-crowned crane were larger than those of the western population, the breeding habitats of the eastern population have been deteriorated more severely, which needs high attention. Since this paper carried out a comprehensive study on the changes of the important breeding habitats of the red-crowned crane based on the long-term sequence for the first time, it would guide targeted habitat conservation and management and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the wild populations of the red-crowned crane.