Areas of endemism and patterns of diversity for aphids of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas |
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Authors: | Xiao-Lei Huang Fu-Min Lei Ge-Xia Qiao |
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Institution: | Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101;and Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Shijingshan, Beijing 100049, China |
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Abstract: | Aim The study aimed to identify areas of endemism for aphids in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas (QTPH), and to test congruence between patterns of endemism and patterns of overall species richness identified in a previous study. Location The QTPH. Methods A distribution data base of 326 endemic aphids in the QTPH was compiled. The study area was divided into a grid of 2°× 2° operative geographical units. Parsimony analysis of endemicity (PAE) was used to identify areas of endemism, and the diversity patterns of endemic species were then mapped using GIS. Results We identified 326 endemic species belonging to 138 genera within Adelgidae and 14 subfamilies of Aphididae. Five areas of endemism were found using PAE analysis: the eastern Himalayas, the western Himalayas, north-western Yunnan, southern Tibet and the eastern QTPH. Maps of patterns of endemism identified four major centres for endemic aphids, namely the western Himalayas, the eastern Himalayas (or Sikkim-Assam Himalayas), north-western Hengduan Mountains and the mountains of southern Gansu Province, and three minor centres, southern Tibet, south-eastern Tibet and the eastern Qinghai Province in the north-eastern QTPH. Main conclusions Our study identifies major centres of aphid endemism. Furthermore, there is a noticeable congruence between patterns of endemism and patterns of species richness. The patterns of endemism were most likely influenced by the recent uplift of the QTPH. |
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Keywords: | Aphids areas of endemism biogeography diversity patterns endemism GIS Himalayas PAE Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau |
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