走进贺兰山——来自贺兰山的水——福祉与幻象

贺兰山位于宁夏与内蒙交界处，是中国为数不多的几个南北走向的山脉之一，主峰海拔3556米，山体东侧巍峨壮观，俯瞰黄河河套和鄂尔多斯高原；西侧地势和缓，没入阿拉善高原，是中国西北地区的重要地理界线，同时也是生物物种多样性中心之一。有人说，阿拉善即“贺兰”一音之转，可见贺兰山对阿拉善的重要性，尤其是为这个干旱地区带来了宝贵的降水，甚至有老百姓说：“没有贺兰山就没有阿拉善”。     

毛花洋地黄植物与培养细胞之间的羟化能力的关系

为了寻找具有高羟基化能力的细胞株系，首先研究了毛花洋地黄培养细胞的羟化能力与原植物的羟化能力和地戈辛含量之间的关系，分析了各种不同的细胞系对β－甲基洋地黄毒甙的生物转化活性，这些不同的细胞系是来源于各种具有不同地戈辛含量和羟基化率的毛花洋地黄植物，实验结果表明，培养细胞的羟化能力与原植物的羟化能力之间不存在相应的依附关系。     

建立以TK基因为标记将外源基因导入臭曲霉（Asper—gillus...

A new system for selection of transformed Aspergillus foetidus was reported. In this system, TK- A. foetidus which were constructed by homologous recombination of mutated TK gene of vaccinia virus with TK gene of A. foetidus were screened by adding BUdR in agar plates. Conditions for screen of TK+ A. foetidus strain, transformation of A. foetidus and selection of transformed TK- A. foetidus have been studied. By using this system, several transformed A. foetidus which contained HBsAg gene derived bf a promoter H8 cloned from genomic DNA of A. foetidus were isolated. It was demonstrated that HBsAg gene was integrated into the chromosome DNA of A. foetidus by Southern blot after many passages of spores. ELISA showed that HBsAg was positive in the growth medium (p/n = 20). The 22 nm particles which were very similar to the HBsAg particles in human serum were found in the growth medium by immunoelectromicroscope. Western blot also gave the specific bands. All these data showed that HBsAg gene was expressed in A. foetidus and the products were secreted into the growth medium. The selection system using TK gene as marker could generally be used to study the expression of foreign gene in A. foetidus.     

简谈农田防护林土壤改良效益与胁地现象的克服

本文综述农田防护林对土壤物理性质、土壤肥力状况、土壤微生物分布、土壤酶的活性、保土效应等方面的改良效益,提出了农田防护林带胁地现象产生的原因以及克服的措施,以期引起人们对农田防护林在改善农田生态环境方面的重视。     

追溯山茱萸科植物的性状进化和生物地理学历史——方法选择的影响?

This study compares results on reconstructing the ancestral state of characters and ancestral areas of distribution in Cornaceae to gain insights into the impact of using different analytical methods. Ancestral character state reconstructions were compared among three methods (parsimony, maximum likelihood, and stochastic character mapping) using MESQUITE and a full Bayesian method in BAYESTRAITS and inferences of ancestral area distribution were compared between the parsimony-based dispersal-vicariance analysis (DIVA) and a newly developed maximum likelihood (ML) method. Results indicated that among the six inflorescence and fruit characters examined, "perfect" binary characters (no homoplasy, no polymorphism within terminals, and no missing data) are little affected by choice of method, while homoplasious characters and missing data are sensitive to methods used. Ancestral areas at deep nodes of the phylogeny are substantially different between DIVA and ML and strikingly different between analyses including and excluding fossils at three deepest nodes. These results, while raising caution in making conclusions on trait evolution and historical biogeography using conventional methods, demonstrate a limitation in our current understanding of character evolution and biogeography. The biogeographic history favored by the ML analyses including fossils suggested the origin and early radiation of Cornus likely occurred in the late Cretaceous and earliest Tertiary in Europe and intercontinental disjunctions in three lineages involved movements across the North Atlantic Land Bridge (BLB) in the early and mid Tertiary. This result is congruent with the role of NALB for post-Eocene migration and in connecting tropical floras in North America and Africa, and in eastern Asia and South America. However, alternative hypotheses with an origin in eastern Asia and early Trans-Beringia migrations of the genus cannot be ruled out.     

银杏蜜环口服溶液联合尼可地尔对冠心病患者血清HsCRP、HCY、IMA、LP-PLA2水平的影响

目的:研究银杏蜜环口服溶液联合尼可地尔对冠心病患者血清超敏C反应蛋白(High-sensitivity C-reactive protein,Hs CRP)、同型半胱氨酸(Homocysteine,HCY)、缺血修饰白蛋白(Ischemia Modified Albumin,IMA)和脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lipoprotein-related phospholipase A2,Lp-PLA2)水平的影响。方法:选择2016年11月～2018年11月在我院全科医学科、急诊科收治的80例冠心病患者,根据就诊顺序,用抽签法随机分为两组,每组40例患者。对照组口服尼可地尔治疗,观察组采取银杏蜜环口服溶液联合尼可地尔治疗,两组均持续治疗2周。比较两组治疗前后的血清Hs CRP、HCY、IMA、LP-PLA2水平,左室舒张末径(left ventricular end-diastolic diameter,LVEDD)、心输出量(cardiac output,CO)和左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)等心功能指标的变化。结果:治疗后,观察组的总有效率为92.50%(37/40),明显高于对照组[75.00%(30/40)](P0.05);两组治疗后的血清Hs CRP、HCY、IMA、LP-PLA2水平均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05),且观察组以上指标均明显低于对照组(P0.05);两组治疗后的LVEDD均较治疗前明显降低,而CO和LVEF均较治疗前明显升高(P均0.05),且观察组治疗后的LVEDD与对照组相比明显降低,而CO和LVEF显著升高(P0.05)。结论:银杏蜜环口服溶液联合尼可地尔治疗冠心病的疗效明显优于单独口服尼可地尔治疗,其机制可能与降低血清Hs CRP、HCY、IMA、LP-PLA2水平相关。     

冰川退缩地15种丛藓科植物茎的比较结构学观察

应用石蜡切片和扫描电镜方法对一号冰川退缩地生长的15种丛藓科植物茎的结构及表面微形态特征进行观察,结果表明：该地区的15种丛藓科植物的茎分为具中轴和无中轴两类,其细胞壁均有不同程度的加厚。而具中轴的丛藓科植物的茎又分为表皮、皮部、中轴三部分,茎表皮细胞短,1层,细胞壁大多向外突出,表面粗糙,表面纹饰多为颗粒状;皮部所占面积最大,大部分有内、外皮部的分化,大多数种的细胞壁由外向内逐渐变薄,细胞由小到大整齐排列;中轴所占的面积也不同,其细胞壁多具角隅加厚;而没有中轴分化的种类,其各自细胞壁加厚的程度基本一致。