一个母系遗传非综合征耳聋大家系mtDNA序列分析

通过分析本家系mtDNA序列,探讨淮阴一非综合征耳聋大家系患病的分子遗传学机制.采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增mtDNA与非综合征耳聋相关位点nt1555、nt7445的区域和人类种群研究的D-loop区、PCR-异源双链分析、PCR-RFLP、PCR产物克隆序列测定等技术对该家系进行了系统的研究.发现该家系中全部母系亲属有mtDNAA1555G突变,而家系中非母系个体、对照组(100例正常个体)的mtDNA1555位点均为A.该家系mtDNA7445位点无突变;该家系属于II型线粒体;发现家系D-loop区存在未见报道的碱基插入.提示mtDNAA1555G位点突变可能是导致该家系患者致聋的主要因素之一.遗传背景可能对家系疾病的表型存在一定程度的影响。 Abstract:We find an extensive nonsyndromic sensorineural deafness family in Huaiyin,and investigate the possible molecular genetic mechanism of matrilineal nonsyndromic sensorineural deafness.We use PCR,combined with PCR-heteroduplex analysis,PCR-RFLP and sequencing techniques to examine part of 12S rRNA,tRNAser(UCN),and D-loop region of this pedigree.1)We found an A to G transition at position 1555(A1555G) of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA from all the patients and four matrilineal.2)An new nucleotide insertion was indentified in D-Loop region.3)According to the polymorphism of D-loop,this pedigree belong to mitochondrial type II.The study showed that the A1555G mutation may be one of major factors in progressive inherited deafness of this family and genetic background should be investigated in the future.     

中华鳖7种组织SOX基因表达的RT-PCR分析

In this paper, RT PCR analysis on SOX gene of seven tissues from the Chinese soft shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) was studied, and SOX gene fragments of expression from the testicle, brain, heart, kidney and spleen were cloned using RT PCR products.The results show that SOX genes has specific expression in the testicle, brain, spleen, cardiac muscle and kidney and isn't expression in muscle, liver and ovary of femel.The results of sequence reveal that the SOX genes of expression in the testicle are TSSOX1、TSSOX4 TSSOX5 and TSSOX9, and those are TSSOX2 and TSSOX4 in the brain, and this is TSSOX4 in the spleen and heart tissue, and those are TSSOX2 and TSSOX3 in the kidney tissue.This suggests that the SOX gene act important role not only on the sex determination, but also on the development of neural system, immunocyte system and the differentiation of male germ cell.     

染色体显微切割与DOP—PCR结合对赤麂Sry基因克隆，测序及初步定位

应用显微切割技术获得赤麂1号,Y1,Y2染色体,通过DOP－PCR增加模板DNA拷贝数,然后用人的性别决定基因（Sex-tetermininig Region of the Chromosome Y,SRY)中HMG框内设计1对引物,对DOP－PCR产物进行扩增,在雄性赤麂Y2染色体DOP－PCR产物中扩增出与人SRY基因同源的Sry基因片段,克隆,测序,首次在分子水平上证明赤麂Y2染色体是真正的Y染色体,同时对赤麂Syr基因进行了初步定位。     

中华鳖4个Sox基因保守区的序列分析

采用PCR技术,扩增和克隆了中华鳖Sox基因（TSSox）。经DNA序列分析显示,Sox基因在系统进化上十分保守,其中TSSox4与鸟类LF4基因编码的氨基酸序列完全相同、与人类SOX4和Sox4编码的序列仅一个氨基酸的差异;TSSox5与鸟类的LF5基因的编码也仅一个氨基酸发生了改变;TSSox2与海龟的TSox2相似性最高。4条TSSox序列中,TSSox与人SRY基因序列相似性最高,达75％;序列上的相似性可能暗示了它们在功能上的保守性。     

一个母系遗传非综合征耳聋大家系mtDNA序列分析

通过分析本家mtDNA序列,探讨淮阴一非综合耳聋大家患病的分子遗传学机制。采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增mtDNA与非综合征耳聋相关位点nt1555,nt7445的区域和人类种群研究的D－loop区,PCR－异源双链分析,PCR－RFLP、PCR产物克隆序列测定等技术对该家系进行了系统的研究。发现该家系中全部母系亲属有mtDNAA1555G突变,而家系中非母 个体,对照组（100例正常个体）的mtDNA1555位点均为A。该家系mtDNA7445位点无突变;该系属于Ⅱ型线性体;发现家系D－loop区存在未见报道的碱基插入。提示mtDNAA1555G位点突变可能是导致该家系患致聋的主要因素之一。遗传背景可能对家系疾病的表现存在一定程度的影响。     

黑麂Y染色体的鉴别和Sry基因的克隆及定位

以流式细胞仪分离小麂(Muntiacus reevesi)Y染色体和黑麂(Muntiacus crinifrons)Y1,Y2,X+4和1号染色体,利用DOP-PCR技术富集了分离的各单条染色体。然后,将小麂的Y染色体的DOP-PCR产物经Cy3标记后直接作为涂染探针,应用染色体涂染技术与雌雄黑麂的核型标本进行杂交,确认了黑麂真正的Y染色体为Y2染色体。再以黑麂的Y1,Y2,X+4和1号染色体的DOP-PCR产物为模板,用人的特异性的SRY（sex determining region of the Y chromosome）基因引物对其进行扩增,结果表明黑麂只有Y2染色体出现了SRY扩增片段。然后扩增产物克隆和测序,比较它与人的同源性,初步把黑麂的Sry基因定位在Y2染色体上。最后提取雄性黑麂的基因组DNA,并用同一对引物对其进行扩增,亦得到Sry基因的片段,对此扩增片段进行克隆,测序,结果表明其与Y2染色体得到的Sry基因片段完全一样,与人SRY基因的同源性均为83%。 Abstract：The single Y chromosome of Muntiacus reevesi and Y1,Y2 ,X+4,1 chromosome of Muntiacus crinifrons were obtained by flow-sorting ,then they were amplified through DOP-PCR . After that, the metaphase karyotype of Muntiacus crinifrons were painted by using the product of the DOP-PCR of the Y chromosome of Muntiacus reevesi as a special probe and the result showed that Y2 chromosome was the real Y chromosome of Muntiacus crinifrons. Secondly the product of the DOP-PCR of Y1,Y2,X+4,1 chromosome of Muntiacus crinifrons were used as the templates of the next amplification using the special primer devised according to the human SRY gene .One band was obtained only from Y2 chromosome, then it was cloned to the T-vector and sequenced. The Sry gene sequence of Muntiacus crinifrons was acquired and the conclution was that there are 83% homology between the human and Muntiacus crinifrons. It was testified that in all mammal Sry gene is consertive. On the other side the Sry gene was located to the Y2 chromosome of the Muntiacus crinifrons.     

性别决定基因的研究进展

SRY基因在哺乳动物性别分化中起着关键作用,目前研究认为SRY仅是性别决 定过程的基因之一,其他基因如SOX基因家族、MIS、SF-1、DAX1、DSS等基因都参与了性腺分化与发育。性别决定研究取得很大进展并建立了一些假说,但仍有一些问题有待于进一步研究。 Abstract:In mammals the male sex determination switch is controlled by a single gene on the Y chromosome SRY.Apart from SRY,other genes,such as SOX gene family、MIS、SF-1、DAX1、DSS also take part in sex determination.Scientists have made great progress in research on sex determination and proposed some hypotheses.,but there are still many questions to be solved.     

小鼠杂交细胞生物学特征的观察

本文用小鼠NS—1骨髓瘤细胞与小鼠脾淋巴细胞经PEG介导进行融合,通过HAT选择,有成效地获得了同种杂种细胞。在融合后第30、50、70、90天观察了杂种细胞的染色体畸变和间期细胞核损伤,并对亲本和杂种细胞的染色体核型、带型(G带、C带)进行了比较。 结果表明:NS—1细胞系的染色体平均数为64.2条,有一条标记性的亚中着丝粒染色体及一条微小染色体。小鼠脾淋巴细胞染色体为2n=40,全部为端着丝粒染色体。NS—1/小鼠脾淋巴细胞融合后的杂种细胞,染色体平均数随融合后杂种的传代而逐渐减少。到第70天时已稳定,平均为80.7±6.2条。同时,随融合后传代,杂种细胞染色体畸变率和核碎裂也增加。 最后对染色体丢失的机理及意义以及饲养细胞在融合中的作用进行了初步讨论。