一个母系遗传非综合征耳聋大家系mtDNA序列分析

通过分析本家系mtDNA序列,探讨淮阴一非综合征耳聋大家系患病的分子遗传学机制.采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增mtDNA与非综合征耳聋相关位点nt1555、nt7445的区域和人类种群研究的D-loop区、PCR-异源双链分析、PCR-RFLP、PCR产物克隆序列测定等技术对该家系进行了系统的研究.发现该家系中全部母系亲属有mtDNAA1555G突变,而家系中非母系个体、对照组(100例正常个体)的mtDNA1555位点均为A.该家系mtDNA7445位点无突变;该家系属于II型线粒体;发现家系D-loop区存在未见报道的碱基插入.提示mtDNAA1555G位点突变可能是导致该家系患者致聋的主要因素之一.遗传背景可能对家系疾病的表型存在一定程度的影响。 Abstract:We find an extensive nonsyndromic sensorineural deafness family in Huaiyin,and investigate the possible molecular genetic mechanism of matrilineal nonsyndromic sensorineural deafness.We use PCR,combined with PCR-heteroduplex analysis,PCR-RFLP and sequencing techniques to examine part of 12S rRNA,tRNAser(UCN),and D-loop region of this pedigree.1)We found an A to G transition at position 1555(A1555G) of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA from all the patients and four matrilineal.2)An new nucleotide insertion was indentified in D-Loop region.3)According to the polymorphism of D-loop,this pedigree belong to mitochondrial type II.The study showed that the A1555G mutation may be one of major factors in progressive inherited deafness of this family and genetic background should be investigated in the future.     

层黏连蛋白1aminin-511的研究进展

Laminin-511是层黏连蛋白（laminin）家族中高度保守的一员,在早期胚胎及成体多种组织的基底膜中广泛分布。Laminin-511通过其肽链的相应区域与细胞受体及基底膜成分连接,参与维持基底膜的完整性和调节细胞的多种生物学功能。该文在概述laminin-511的结构特点、作用机制的基础上,对其在胚胎发育、干细胞研究中的功能作一综述。     

染色体显微切割与DOP—PCR结合对赤麂Sry基因克隆，测序及初步定位

应用显微切割技术获得赤麂1号,Y1,Y2染色体,通过DOP－PCR增加模板DNA拷贝数,然后用人的性别决定基因（Sex-tetermininig Region of the Chromosome Y,SRY)中HMG框内设计1对引物,对DOP－PCR产物进行扩增,在雄性赤麂Y2染色体DOP－PCR产物中扩增出与人SRY基因同源的Sry基因片段,克隆,测序,首次在分子水平上证明赤麂Y2染色体是真正的Y染色体,同时对赤麂Syr基因进行了初步定位。     

Tom1L1在细胞信号转导及受体内吞中的研究进展

Tom1L1（Tom1 like 1）参与并调节细胞信号转导及受体运输通路。在不同细胞中Tom1L1对信号转导具有不同的调节作用。Tom1L1-CHC（clathrinheavychain）复合物减少Src蛋白在小窝（caveolae）处富集,从而阻碍Src蛋白与血小板衍生因子（platelet derived growth factor,PDGF）受体的结合。抑制PDGF受体介导的有丝分裂和转化信号传导。活化的表皮生长因子受体（epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR）通过Src家族蛋白激酶（src family kinase,SFK）磷酸化T0m1L1,磷酸化的Tom1L1通过Grb2和Shc的桥梁作用与EGFR结合,介导EGFR的内吞进程。Tom1L1和Hrs（hepatocyte growth factor regulated tyrosine kinase substrate）、TSG101（tumor susceptibility gene 101）的相互作用表明,它也可能参与了泛素化蛋白分选入多泡体的过程。该文就其在细胞信号转导通路及受体内吞／分选过程的作用作一综述。     

黑麂Y染色体的鉴别和Sry基因的克隆及定位

以流式细胞仪分离小麂(Muntiacus reevesi)Y染色体和黑麂(Muntiacus crinifrons)Y1,Y2,X+4和1号染色体,利用DOP-PCR技术富集了分离的各单条染色体。然后,将小麂的Y染色体的DOP-PCR产物经Cy3标记后直接作为涂染探针,应用染色体涂染技术与雌雄黑麂的核型标本进行杂交,确认了黑麂真正的Y染色体为Y2染色体。再以黑麂的Y1,Y2,X+4和1号染色体的DOP-PCR产物为模板,用人的特异性的SRY（sex determining region of the Y chromosome）基因引物对其进行扩增,结果表明黑麂只有Y2染色体出现了SRY扩增片段。然后扩增产物克隆和测序,比较它与人的同源性,初步把黑麂的Sry基因定位在Y2染色体上。最后提取雄性黑麂的基因组DNA,并用同一对引物对其进行扩增,亦得到Sry基因的片段,对此扩增片段进行克隆,测序,结果表明其与Y2染色体得到的Sry基因片段完全一样,与人SRY基因的同源性均为83%。 Abstract：The single Y chromosome of Muntiacus reevesi and Y1,Y2 ,X+4,1 chromosome of Muntiacus crinifrons were obtained by flow-sorting ,then they were amplified through DOP-PCR . After that, the metaphase karyotype of Muntiacus crinifrons were painted by using the product of the DOP-PCR of the Y chromosome of Muntiacus reevesi as a special probe and the result showed that Y2 chromosome was the real Y chromosome of Muntiacus crinifrons. Secondly the product of the DOP-PCR of Y1,Y2,X+4,1 chromosome of Muntiacus crinifrons were used as the templates of the next amplification using the special primer devised according to the human SRY gene .One band was obtained only from Y2 chromosome, then it was cloned to the T-vector and sequenced. The Sry gene sequence of Muntiacus crinifrons was acquired and the conclution was that there are 83% homology between the human and Muntiacus crinifrons. It was testified that in all mammal Sry gene is consertive. On the other side the Sry gene was located to the Y2 chromosome of the Muntiacus crinifrons.     

一个母系遗传非综合征耳聋大家系mtDNA序列分析

通过分析本家mtDNA序列,探讨淮阴一非综合耳聋大家患病的分子遗传学机制。采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增mtDNA与非综合征耳聋相关位点nt1555,nt7445的区域和人类种群研究的D－loop区,PCR－异源双链分析,PCR－RFLP、PCR产物克隆序列测定等技术对该家系进行了系统的研究。发现该家系中全部母系亲属有mtDNAA1555G突变,而家系中非母 个体,对照组（100例正常个体）的mtDNA1555位点均为A。该家系mtDNA7445位点无突变;该系属于Ⅱ型线性体;发现家系D－loop区存在未见报道的碱基插入。提示mtDNAA1555G位点突变可能是导致该家系患致聋的主要因素之一。遗传背景可能对家系疾病的表现存在一定程度的影响。     

气孔开闭活动模型的改制

以硬泡沫板为主体(45×35×5cm),中央开一个(25×19×5cm)孔,将一支绿色长形气球的两端各开一个孔,并连接一根长15cm的玻璃管,从气球的中部用线扎住并用胶布等固定在主体上,同时也把两根玻璃管固定在主体上,接上胶皮管、三通管、血压计橡皮球。气球内充少量气体,把胶布剪成条贴在气球的内侧面(为