Perturbation of 60 S Ribosomal Biogenesis Results in Ribosomal Protein L5- and L11-dependent p53 Activation

Ribosomal proteins play an important role in p53 activation in response to nucleolar stress. Multiple ribosomal proteins, including L5, L11, L23, and S7, have been shown to bind to and inhibit MDM2, leading to p53 activation. However, it is not clear whether ribosomal protein regulation of MDM2 is specific to some, but not all ribosomal proteins. Here we show that L29 and L30, two ribosomal proteins from the 60 S ribosomal subunit, do not bind to MDM2 and do not inhibit MDM2-mediated p53 suppression, indicating that the ribosomal protein regulation of the MDM2-p53 feedback loop is specific. Interestingly, direct perturbation of the 60 S ribosomal biogenesis by knocking down either L29 or L30 drastically induced the level and activity of p53, leading to p53-depedent cell cycle arrest. This p53 activation was drastically inhibited by knockdown of L11 or L5. Consistently, knockdown of L29 or L30 enhanced the interaction of MDM2 with L11 and L5 and markedly inhibited MDM2-mediated p53 ubiquitination, suggesting that direct perturbation of 60 S ribosomal biogenesis activates p53 via L11- and L5-mediated MDM2 suppression. Mechanistically, knockdown of L30 or L29 significantly increased the NEDDylation and nuclear retention of L11. Knocking down endogenous NEDD8 suppressed p53 activation induced by knockdown of L30. These results demonstrate that NEDDylation of L11 plays a critical role in mediating p53 activation in response to perturbation of ribosomal biogenesis.     

Generating Surface Plasmon Polariton Airy Beam with Dielectric Relief Holographical Structures

Plasmonics - Surface plasmon polariton (SPP) Airy beams are very attractive in theory and applications. We propose a new method to design dielectric relief holographical structures for controlling...     

Metal-Dielectric Composite Holography for Controlling the Propagations of Surface Plasmon Polaritons

Plasmonics - Controlling the propagations of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) is important for many applications. Now, mainly structures for controlling SPPs are etched directly in the metal...     

Complicated Wavefront Shaping of Surface Plasmon Polaritons on Metal Surface by Holographic Groove Patterns

Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) manipulation on metal surfaces is important for constructing ultracompact integrated micro/nano-optical devices and systems. We employ the methodology of surface electromagnetic wave holography (SWH) to design holographic groove patterns for controlling SPPs with complicated wavefronts traveling on metal surface. SPPs are scattered by these deli groove patterns and interfere with each other to form desired SPP wavefronts. Several devices are demonstrated to control the intensities and phases of SPPs, such as focusing a plane SPP or diverging SPPs to two points with different phases, and focusing SPPs with complicated beam profile to a point. The finite-difference time-domain simulations show that in all cases, the predesignated functionalities are fully achieved by the designed plasmonic holographic structures. The results strongly support the power of SWH for shaping the complicated wavefront of in-plane transporting SPPs.     

一株高产木聚糖酶的枝链霉菌的分离鉴定及产酶

对1株高产木聚糖酶的链霉菌进行了鉴定并研究其木聚糖酶的生产过程及水解产物特点。分离得到1株产木聚糖酶的链霉菌Streptomyces sp.L2001,从形态学特征、培养特征和生理生化特征等方面对该菌株进行了鉴定。PCR扩增得到16S rDNA序列全长为1429bp,分析结果表明,菌株与Streptomyces rameus NBRC3782同源性达99.16%。结合传统生理生化实验结果鉴定为枝链霉菌。菌株液体发酵6d能产生842.0U/mL木聚糖酶活力。经HPLC分析酶解产物,结果显示木二糖、木三糖及木四糖含量之和高达93.5%,该酶适用于工业化生产低聚木糖。     

Three-Dimensional Manipulations of Surface Plasmon Polariton Wave Propagation

The plasmonic integrated circuit, a potential application of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), can manipulate an SPP wave propagating on a metal surface in a way similar to electronic circuits. Here, we propose the concept of three-dimensional (3D) SPP wave manipulation: control of an SPP wave propagating in both the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. A hole set in the film can guide an SPP wave in the vertical direction. In the horizontal direction, two holographic groove patterns are used to focus an incident SPP wave on one surface of the film to the hole and control the divergent SPP waves transmitted from the hole on the other metal surface, respectively. The holographic groove patterns are designed via the methodology of surface electromagnetic wave holography. 3D finite-difference time-domain method simulations show a good performance of the 3D manipulation via these designed holographic groove patterns.

     

发根农杆菌Ri质粒rol基因研究的综述

发根农杆菌Ｒｉ质粒ｒｏｌ基因研究的综述①周跃钢王三根（西南农业大学生理生化教研室,重庆４００７１６）ＲｅｖｉｅｗｏｆＳｔｕｄｉｅｓｏｎＲｏｌＧｅｎｅｓｏｆＲｉＰｌａｓｍｉｄｓｆｒｏｍＡｇｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍｒｈｉｚｏｇｅｎｅｓＺｈｏｕＹｕｅｇａｎｇ...     

Degenerate Coupled Mode Division and Superposition Under Symmetry Breaking

Resonances in micrometer metal cavity structures are very important for the interactions between materials and light. Three similar cavities connected with waveguides are investigated through the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method and the coupled mode theory. Two fundamental surface resonance modes are demonstrated in the two simple cavities separately. Then two simple cavities are combined to form the third cavity. The fundamental resonant modes couple positively or oppositely to form coupled-mode resonances in the combined cavity. When the combined cavity structures are symmetric, the coupled-mode resonances lead to two transmission peaks. While the symmetry is broken with tens of nanometers displacements, the transmission peaks convert to dips. It is believed the Q value variation of coupled-mode resonances plays a key role in the conversion. When the structure is symmetric, the coupled-mode resonances in the upper and lower parts of the cavity have the same Q value and are degenerate. The superposition of them leads transmission peaks. While the symmetry is broken, the Q values of resonances in the upper and lower part of the cavity are different, leading to the degenerate coupled mode division. The superposition of the different Q-factor modes leads to the dips. The sensitive variation to the symmetry of structures can be used to control light-material interactions, optical switch, and improve the sensitivity of sensor devices.