全文获取类型
收费全文 | 18715篇 |
免费 | 1156篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 150篇 |
2020年 | 110篇 |
2019年 | 164篇 |
2018年 | 223篇 |
2017年 | 194篇 |
2016年 | 304篇 |
2015年 | 487篇 |
2014年 | 595篇 |
2013年 | 1346篇 |
2012年 | 1031篇 |
2011年 | 1055篇 |
2010年 | 684篇 |
2009年 | 644篇 |
2008年 | 1050篇 |
2007年 | 1149篇 |
2006年 | 1031篇 |
2005年 | 1065篇 |
2004年 | 1075篇 |
2003年 | 962篇 |
2002年 | 955篇 |
2001年 | 377篇 |
2000年 | 408篇 |
1999年 | 410篇 |
1998年 | 247篇 |
1997年 | 180篇 |
1996年 | 159篇 |
1995年 | 175篇 |
1994年 | 157篇 |
1993年 | 155篇 |
1992年 | 266篇 |
1991年 | 286篇 |
1990年 | 235篇 |
1989年 | 233篇 |
1988年 | 228篇 |
1987年 | 214篇 |
1986年 | 191篇 |
1985年 | 181篇 |
1984年 | 159篇 |
1983年 | 121篇 |
1982年 | 121篇 |
1981年 | 120篇 |
1980年 | 107篇 |
1979年 | 95篇 |
1978年 | 93篇 |
1977年 | 76篇 |
1976年 | 73篇 |
1975年 | 76篇 |
1974年 | 54篇 |
1973年 | 65篇 |
1971年 | 48篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Janne Alahuhta Sarian Kosten Munemitsu Akasaka Dominique Auderset Mattia M. Azzella Rossano Bolpagni Claudia P. Bove Patricia A. Chambers Eglantine Chappuis John Clayton Mary de Winton Frauke Ecke Esperança Gacia Gana Gecheva Patrick Grillas Jennifer Hauxwell Seppo Hellsten Jan Hjort Mark V. Hoyer Christiane Ilg Agnieszka Kolada Minna Kuoppala Torben Lauridsen En Hua Li Balázs A. Lukács Marit Mjelde Alison Mikulyuk Roger P. Mormul Jun Nishihiro Beat Oertli Laila Rhazi Mouhssine Rhazi Laura Sass Christine Schranz Martin Søndergaard Takashi Yamanouchi Qing Yu Haijun Wang Nigel Willby Xiao Ke Zhang Jani Heino 《Journal of Biogeography》2017,44(8):1758-1769
2.
Kazuma Nakano Akino Shiroma Makiko Shimoji Hinako Tamotsu Noriko Ashimine Shun Ohki Misuzu Shinzato Maiko Minami Tetsuhiro Nakanishi Kuniko Teruya Kazuhito Satou Takashi Hirano 《Human cell》2017,30(3):149-161
PacBio RS II is the first commercialized third-generation DNA sequencer able to sequence a single molecule DNA in real-time without amplification. PacBio RS II’s sequencing technology is novel and unique, enabling the direct observation of DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase. PacBio RS II confers four major advantages compared to other sequencing technologies: long read lengths, high consensus accuracy, a low degree of bias, and simultaneous capability of epigenetic characterization. These advantages surmount the obstacle of sequencing genomic regions such as high/low G+C, tandem repeat, and interspersed repeat regions. Moreover, PacBio RS II is ideal for whole genome sequencing, targeted sequencing, complex population analysis, RNA sequencing, and epigenetics characterization. With PacBio RS II, we have sequenced and analyzed the genomes of many species, from viruses to humans. Herein, we summarize and review some of our key genome sequencing projects, including full-length viral sequencing, complete bacterial genome and almost-complete plant genome assemblies, and long amplicon sequencing of a disease-associated gene region. We believe that PacBio RS II is not only an effective tool for use in the basic biological sciences but also in the medical/clinical setting. 相似文献
3.
Shunsuke Yaguchi Atsuko Yamazaki Wakana Wada Yasutaka Tsuchiya Toshihiko Sato Hideo Shinagawa Yutaro Yamada Junko Yaguchi 《Development, growth & differentiation》2015,57(3):242-250
Sea urchins are model non‐chordate deuterostomes, and studying the nervous system of their embryos can aid in the understanding of the universal mechanisms of neurogenesis. However, despite the long history of sea urchin embryology research, the molecular mechanisms of their neurogenesis have not been well investigated, in part because neurons appear relatively late during embryogenesis. In this study, we used the species Temnopleurus reevesii as a new sea urchin model and investigated the detail of its development and neurogenesis during early embryogenesis. We found that the embryos of T. reevesii were tolerant of high temperatures and could be cultured successfully at 15–30°C during early embryogenesis. At 30°C, the embryos developed rapidly enough that the neurons appeared at just after 24 h. This is faster than the development of other model urchins, such as Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus or Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. In addition, the body of the embryo was highly transparent, allowing the details of the neural network to be easily captured by ordinary epifluorescent and confocal microscopy without any additional treatments. Because of its rapid development and high transparency during embryogenesis, T. reevesii may be a suitable sea urchin model for studying neurogenesis. Moreover, the males and females are easily distinguishable, and the style of early cleavages is intriguingly unusual, suggesting that this sea urchin might be a good candidate for addressing not only neurology but also cell and developmental biology. 相似文献
4.
Y. Yamada 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1995,91(4):655-658
Conclusions The comparison of different selection indices is justified only if the indices are constrated to achieve the same profit function, even when each index is not optimized with respect to that profit function.When a profit function is known and is non-linear, the desired gains index may be more efficient than the economic index. The optimum desired gains index should be determined by iterative techniques over several generations to compare the genetic progress with the economic index, because gains by the economic index are not linear and the changes observed in the initial generations of selection are not the same rates in future generations, although those changes are linear in the case of the desired gains index. 相似文献
5.
6.
Kemala Isnainiasih Mantilidewi Yoji Murata Munemasa Mori Chihiro Otsubo Takenori Kotani Shinya Kusakari Hiroshi Ohnishi Takashi Matozaki 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2014,289(10):6451-6461
Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are continuously exposed to shear stress (SS) generated by blood flow. Such stress plays a key role in regulation of various aspects of EC function including cell proliferation and motility as well as changes in cell morphology. Vascular endothelial-protein-tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP) is an R3-subtype PTP that possesses multiple fibronectin type III-like domains in its extracellular region and is expressed specifically in ECs. The role of VE-PTP in EC responses to SS has remained unknown, however. Here we show that VE-PTP is diffusely localized in ECs maintained under static culture conditions, whereas it undergoes rapid accumulation at the downstream edge of the cells relative to the direction of flow in response to SS. This redistribution of VE-PTP triggered by SS was found to require its extracellular and transmembrane regions and was promoted by integrin engagement of extracellular matrix ligands. Inhibition of actin polymerization or of Cdc42, Rab5, or Arf6 activities attenuated the SS-induced redistribution of VE-PTP. VE-PTP also underwent endocytosis in the static and SS conditions. SS induced the polarized distribution of internalized VE-PTP. Such an effect was promoted by integrin engagement of fibronectin but prevented by inhibition of Cdc42 activity or of actin polymerization. In addition, depletion of VE-PTP by RNA interference in human umbilical vein ECs blocked cell elongation in the direction of flow induced by SS. Our results suggest that the polarized redistribution of VE-PTP in response to SS plays an important role in the regulation of EC function by blood flow. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.
N. Yamada W. Murata Y. Yamaguchi K.-I. Fujita A. Ogita T. Tanaka 《Letters in applied microbiology》2021,72(4):390-398
Amphotericin B (AmB), a typical polyene macrolide antifungal agent, is widely used to treat systemic mycoses. In the present study, we show that the fungicidal activity of AmB was enhanced by benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), a cruciferous plant-derived compound, in the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In addition to forming a molecular complex with ergosterol present in fungal cell membranes to form K+-permeable ion channels, AmB has been recognized to mediate vacuolar membrane disruption resulting in lethal effects. BITC showed no effect on AmB-induced plasma membrane permeability; however, it amplified AmB-induced vacuolar membrane disruption in S. cerevisiae. Furthermore, the BITC-enhanced fungicidal effects of AmB significantly decreased cell viability due to the disruption of vacuoles in the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. The application of the combinatorial antifungal effect of AmB and BITC may aid in dose reduction of AmB in clinical antifungal therapy and consequently decrease side effects in patients. These results also have significant implications for the development of vacuole-targeting chemotherapy against fungal infections. 相似文献