猕猴桃属美味猕猴桃和毛花猕猴桃种间杂交的胚胎学和胚援救

本文报道美味猕猴桃(Actintdia delictosa cv.Hayward)(6x)和毛花猕猴桃(A.eria-ntha)(2x)杂交当代种子的胚胎学分析和胚援救的结果:1.根据杂交种子外部形态和胚胎发育程度,区分为正常的和败育的两类,其比率接近1:1。正常种子的胚发育分化正常,且含有适量胚乳。败育种子中,除少数不含胚和胚乳外,绝大多数种子的胚发育终止于球形、心形和早子叶阶段,胚体畸形。胚乳处于消失或完全解体。2.在被试8组培养基中,最适合胚萌发和生长的是:MS+IAA0.5ppm+GA_30.5ppm,MS+2ip2ppm+IAA0.5ppm+GA_30.5ppm和 MS+2ip2ppm+GA_30.5ppm。适于实生苗生长的培养基为 MS+GA_30.5ppm 和 MS 培养基。在 MS+BAP2ppm 和 MS+IAA0.5ppm+GA_30.5ppm 培养基上,一些正常种子和少数不正常种子胚的下胚轴直接形成了许多不定芽,从而诱导产生了更多的杂种植株。但是在MS十BAP2ppm+GA_30.5ppm,MS+BAP2ppm+IAA0.5ppm 和 MS+2ip2ppm+GA_30.5ppm培养基上,虽然胚产生了愈伤组织,但都未分化出器官。杂种实生苗根尖细胞近半数的含有近4倍性染色体数(4x=116),约半数为其他倍性。     

白头翁的受精及组织化学研究

成熟花粉为二细胞,生殖细胞的蛋白质染色较营养细胞的深,淀粉粒充满营养细胞。花粉管常见穿人正在退化中的助细胞,并释放出两个精子,大量稠浓的蛋白质和淀粉,个别的释放在助细胞与胚囊壁之间。在一些卵细胞核,次生核(或极核)中,受精前后有1—3个小核仁(约1微米);助细胞具丝状器;反足细胞宿存,具多核和多核仁。胚囊中各个细胞的原生质稠浓程度和蛋白质染色深浅不同,其中以反足细胞和助细胞的原生质最稠浓,蛋白质染色最深。淀粉十分贫乏,绝大多数卵细胞,中央细胞和几乎全部助细胞和反足细胞均不含淀粉。双受精属于有丝分裂前类型,两性核融合步骤为:精子核接近和贴附在卵核和次生核上(或极核上),两性核的核膜溶解,其染色质沉入融合核,并随之松解,同时出现雄性核仁,最终,雄性核仁和雌性核仁合并,形成具单核和单核仁的合子和初生胚乳细胞。另外,雄性核仁同卵核仁合并较雄性核仁和次生核的晚,所以卵细胞完成受精较次生核晚。     

比较MoCA和MMSE在卒中后认知功能筛查中的应用

目的：比较蒙特利尔认知评估量表（Montreal Cognitive Assessment,MoCA）和简易智能量表（mini-mental state examination,MMSE）在急性缺血性脑卒中后认知损害筛查中的应用。方法：对65例缺血性脑卒中患者在发病14天内应用简易精神状态检查量表（Mini-mental State Examination,MMSE）和MoCA进行神经心理评估。其中12例患者在发病3-6个月后应用MMSE、MoCA和神经心理成套测验进行神经心理评估。以MMSE〈23分、MoCA〈21为分界值,受教育年限小于12年加1分,文盲加2分。结果：MMSE的平均分值为25.2±4.3,MoCA的平均分值为18.6±5.7。37例患者MoCA评分显示有认知损害,但其中19例患者（29%）MMSE评分显示正常。28例MoCA评估显示认知正常的患者的MMSE评分均显示认知正常。视空间与执行功能、注意和语言重复测试受损最常见,定向和命名受损较少。在3-6个月的随访期内,12例患者中1例诊断为血管性痴呆患者的MoCA的分值上升1分,MMSE分值无变化;5例认知正常患者、3例轻度认知损害无痴呆的患者和3例中度认知损害无痴呆的患者MMSE和MoCA平均分值均有不同程度的上升,视空间与执行功能平均得分值在2次检测中无明显变化。结论：MoCA较MMSE检出血管性认知功能障碍患者敏感性更高,对认知变化更为敏感。     

肝癌DC疫苗治疗的活体MRI成像研究

目的:分析肝癌DC疫苗治疗的活体MRI成像,评价MR活体检测肝癌免疫基因治疗的价值。方法:建立兔肝癌的动物模型,研究组30只注射磁标记负载肝癌相关抗原的DC疫苗,对照组10只不注射疫苗。通过MRI成像,观察肿瘤的大小、形态及信号改变。结果:接种肿瘤14 d后,MRI平扫T2WI期36个病灶显示34个(94.44%),采取强化扫描所有病灶均得以显示;接种21d后,MRI平扫即可显示所有病灶。注射DC疫苗后,三组的肿瘤体积变化不大,部分体积有所缩小,无播散、转移现象。注射DC疫苗后肿瘤得到了明显的抑制,但不同注射方式比较无显著差异。对照组接种21 d后的肿瘤体积迅速增大,增强扫描后可见肿瘤壁较14 d时有不均匀的增大。28 d后,肿瘤继续扩大,部分出现肝内大面积播散或肺内转移,肿瘤病灶的T2信号增强。结论:肝癌DC疫苗治疗的活体MRI成像检查对于指导临床治疗具有重要的意义。     

Human bartonellosis: seroepidemiological and clinical features with an emphasis on data from Brazil - a review

Bartonellae are fastidious Gram-negative bacteria that are widespread in nature with several animal reservoirs (mainly cats, dogs, and rodents) and insect vectors (mainly fleas, sandflies, and human lice). Thirteen species or subspecies of Bartonella have been recognized as agents causing human disease, including B. bacilliformis, B. quintana, B. vinsonii berkhoffii, B. henselae, B. elizabethae, B. grahamii, B. washoensis, B. koehlerae, B. rocha-limaea, and B. tamiae. The clinical spectrum of infection includes lymphadenopathy, fever of unknown origin, endocarditis, neurological and ophthalmological syndromes, Carrion's disease, and others. This review provides updated information on clinical manifestations and seroepidemiological studies with an emphasis on data available from Brazil.     

PTEN在人食管上皮永生化细胞株和食管癌细胞株中的表达

目的:探讨人胚食管上皮永生化细胞株SHEE、SHEEMT、食管癌细胞株EC8712中PTEN表达的差,判断食管上皮细胞在恶性转化过程中是否有PTEN缺失现象的发生;方法:培养三种细胞株,采用免疫组织化学、激光共聚焦显微镜、流式细胞仪和Westernblot等检测方法对三种细胞株中PTEN的表达进行检测。结果:三种细胞株均有PTEN的表达,表达强度与分化程度有关,PTEN在三种细胞株中表达强弱顺序为SHEE>SHEEMT>EC8712,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);结论:PTEN在SHEE、SHEEMT和EC8712三种来源于食管鳞状上皮但分化程度不同的细胞株均中表达,表达强度与分化程度相关,分化程度越高,表达越强。     

广西三江侗族儿童青少年头面部发育指标分析

本文对广西三江侗族自治县的 7— 16岁乡村侗族男女中、小学生 2 0 87名 (男 10 5 5 ,女 10 32 )的头面部9项指标进行测量 ,并计算有关指数 ,分析和比较了儿童青少年容貌特征发育与年龄增长的关系。根据头面部指数分型 ,确定了广西三江侗族自治县侗族儿童青少年的头面部形态。依各项指数 ,侗族儿童青少年多属圆头型 ,高头型 ,阔头型及阔面型。     

Observation of Pollen Tube Behaviour and Early Embryogenesis Following Interspecies Pollination Between Actinidia deliciosa and A. arguta

The pollen tube behaviour in the style and early embryogenesis following interspecies pollination between Actinidia deliciosa No. 26 and A. arguta were observed by means of fluorescence and light microscopy. Pollen grains germinated on the papillate stigma and pollen tubes grew along the V-shaped open-type style. Pollen tubes showed slower growth and reached the ovules 50--60 hours later than those of the control. Several abnormalities of pollen tubes have been observed at the base of the style, including wave-like pollen tubes, pollen tubes with swollen or pointed tips, with variable diameters, and a few with irregular growth. Random deposition of callose along pollen tube wall and even the whole wall was observed. About 26.74 % of the ovules were successfully fertilized and developed into seeds, among them 68.50% of the seeds were normal and 31.50% were abortive. About 11.41% were empty seeds without embryo and endosperm. Unfertilized small ovule was 61.45 %. Normal seed and its embryo were smaller than those of the control. The development of embryo was of the Soland type. The endosperm was cellular. The zygote remained quiescent for about 12-15 days before it started to divide, eventually forming a cotyledonary embryo 50 days after pollination.     

Embryological Observation on the Apomictic Rice-ApⅢ (Shuang 13)

Since 1988s, the phenomenon of multiple seedlings and multiple embryoes of apomictic rice, Ap Ⅲ (Shuang 13) has been interestingly concerned. Embryological investigation of Ap Ⅲ has been carried out with the whole dissection and conventional sectioning technique. The main conclusions are as follows: 1.8. 9 % of 5000 matured caryopsises, contained one embryo in a caryopsis, from which single seedling arose, while 8.9 % twin embryoes and 1.2 % triplet embryoes of which developed two seedlings and triple seedlings respectively; 2. In over 700 young caryopsises, 90.0%～95.0% contained only one embryo, 5.0%～7.0% twin embryoes, except a few of the ovules with absorptive embryo sac or embryo and endosperm. Triplet embryoes caryopsis could not be traced further due to their low frequency; 3. Authors' materials showed that all the single, twin and triplet embryoes were situated at the micropylar end in one embryo sac of young ovule and no adventitious embryo was seen outside the embryo sac of ovules. From the aforementioned results, it can be infered that albeit single embryo is derived from the egg cell yet it could be possible twin or triplet embryocs may be developed from the egg cell and one or two of the synergids either or not through fertilization.