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1.
Brucella cell surface protein (BCSP31) is potentially useful for diagnosing brucellosis. We aimed to establish a monoclonal antibody
(MAb) against Brucella melitensis BCSP31 and to investigate its distribution in diagnosis. Soluble recombinant BCSP31 was successfully expressed and purified.
Two MAbs (1F1 and 1E5) against B. melitensis BCSP31, effective in detecting both recombinant and cellular proteins, were obtained and characterized. The MAbs did not
react with Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, or Bacillus aeruginosus, but strongly reacted with BCSP31 and B. melitensis by ELISA and Western blot analysis. We also tested different Brucella species and brucellosis using the prepared anti-BCSP31 MAbs. BCSP31 and anti-BCSP31 MAbs may play important roles in future
research in diagnosing brucellosis. 相似文献
2.
Timidity in dogs is a trait with high heritability. However, the relevant genetic factors and markers associated with this condition are largely unknown. The function of the catechol‐O‐methyl transferase (COMT) gene has been found to be associated with human fearful or anxious emotions, and the COMT:p.Val158Met polymorphism locus is significantly related to anxious behavior. In the present study, the correlation between timidity and four single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variations (C.‐1666C>G c.39A>G, c.216G>A, c.482G>A) of the COMT gene was investigated in dogs. The evaluation was based on the dog courage assessment assay and a genotype and haplotype analysis in Labrador Retrievers (LR) and Golden Retrievers (GR). The principal components analysis factor structure of the courage phenotype was invariant between LR and GR. Sex, breed and age had no statistically significant effect on the timidity of the dogs. All SNP loci detected were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. The c.39A>G locus was removed in the subsequent association analysis due to the significant difference between LR and GR in genotype distributions. Intriguingly, the genotypes and haplotypes of the COMT gene were significantly and highly correlated with the timidity of LR and GR. The A alleles of the COMT:c.216G>A and c.482G>A loci appeared to play a dominant role in the timid behavior of the dogs. This result supports and broadens the warrior/worrier hypothesis and will have important implications for the understanding of the evolution of temperament in dogs. Additionally, the results provide predictive genetic markers for temperament in dogs. 相似文献
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Fei Mi Ying Zhang Dan Yang Xiaozhao Tang Pengfei Wang Xiaoxia He Yunrun Zhang Jianyong Dong Yang Cao Chunli Liu Ke-Qin Zhang Jianping Xu 《PloS one》2016,11(2)
During the past 40 years, more than 400 Sudden Unexplained Deaths (SUDs) have occurred in Yunnan, southwestern China. Epidemiological and toxicological analyses suggested that a newly discovered mushroom called Trogia venenata was the leading culprit for SUDs. At present, relatively little is known about the genetics and natural history of this mushroom. In this study, we analyzed the sequence variation at four DNA fragments among 232 fruiting bodies of T. venenata collected from seven locations. Our ITS sequence analyses confirmed that all the isolates belonged to the same species. The widespread presence of sequence heterozygosity within many strains at each of three protein-coding genes suggested that the fruiting bodies were diploid, dikaryotic or heterokaryotic. Within individual geographic populations, we found significant deviations of genotype frequencies from Hardy-Weinberg expectations, with the overall observed heterozygosity lower than that expected under random mating, consistent with prevalent inbreeding within local populations. The geographic populations were overall genetically differentiated. Interestingly, while a positive correlation was found between population genetic distance and geographic distance, there was little correlation between genetic distance and barium concentration difference for the geographic populations. Our results suggest frequent inbreeding, geographic structuring, and limited gene flow among geographic populations of T. venenata from southwestern China. 相似文献
5.
W B Bai F L Tian C Wang C L Jiang Z G Zhang 《Australian journal of biological sciences》1987,40(2):137-141
A strain of bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) virus isolated in China in 1976 was adapted to growth in tissue cultures. A baby hamster kidney complement fixing (CF) antigen, stable at -20 degrees C for at least 120 days, was prepared from the BEF virus grown in tissue culture and used to test bovine sera for antibodies to that virus. CF antibodies were detected in all of 31 cattle after convalescence from experimental infection with BEF virus, in 208 (98%) of 213 cattle observed to have shown clinical ephemeral fever in an epidemic, in 96 cattle in these herds which did not show clinical signs of ephemeral fever and 16 cattle from herds in northern China outside the epidemic area. The CF antibodies to BEF virus were found to persist in 34 (89%) of 38 cattle which were bled 6 years after natural exposure to ephemeral fever. The CF antigen is economical to prepare and is suitable to differentiate ephemeral fever from other viral infections with which it could possibly be confused on clinical appearance. 相似文献
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Ting Zhang Bai‐Ge Miao Bo Wang Yan‐Qiong Peng Clive T. Darwell 《Ecological Entomology》2019,44(6):844-848
1. Species interactions in tightly bound ecological mutualisms often feature highly specialised species' roles in which competitive exclusion may preclude multi‐species coexistence. Among the 800 fig (Ficus) species, it was originally considered that each was pollinated by their own wasp (Agaonidae). However, recent investigations show that this ‘one‐to‐one’ rule often breaks down, as fig species regularly host multiple agaonids but in ways suggesting that competitive processes still mediate biodiversity outcomes. 2. A phenological survey was conducted of the fig–fig wasp pair, Ficus microcarpa and its associated pollinating wasp, alongside its sister species, the cheating wasp, in Xishuangbanna, China. 3. Reproductive output underwent extreme seasonal variation. Seed and pollinator production fell markedly during cooler, drier months, although high levels of fig production continued. However, this resource was predominantly utilised by the cheater species, which offers no pollination services. Pollinators and cheaters rarely co‐occur, suggesting that temporal coexistence is constrained by competition for access to figs. 4. The overall findings indicate periodic rearrangements of mutualism dynamics, probably resulting from a strongly seasonal environment. Sympatric co‐occurrence may result from a window of opportunity for a functionally divergent agaonid, potentially due to constraints on the main pollinator in adapting to variable year‐round conditions that prevent competitive exclusion. 相似文献
8.
Jan Batelka Jakub Prokop Hans Pohl Ming Bai Weiwei Zhang Rolf G. Beutel 《Systematic Entomology》2019,44(2):396-407
Extremely miniaturized longipedes insects (body length c. 0.3 mm) embedded in two pieces of Cretaceous amber from Myanmar are described and interpreted. Using inverted fluorescence and light microscopy for detailed analysis of microstructures, the inclusions were identified as primary larvae of the beetle family Ripiphoridae, subfamily Ripidiinae. While the structure of thoracic and abdominal segments including appendages corresponds well with the groundplan known in recent members of Ripidiinae, a curved prosternal ridge with prominent spines (each c. 5 μm), the reduced condition of stemmata and antennae and the lack of sharp mandibles are unique features within the entire family, apparently apomorphies of the longipedes larvae. A sinuate prosternal edge with a dense row of spines (prosternoctenidium) might be homologous with ‘head ctenidia’ in some previously described miniaturized conicocephalate larvae, but further investigation is needed. The morphological differences between the head of longipedes larvae and extant Ripidiinae are interpreted as adaptations to different groups of hosts and life strategies. Palaeoethology of the longipedes larvae is briefly discussed. In addition, the systematic placement of conicocephalate larvae from Canadian, Myanmar and Russian Cretaceous ambers, already interpreted by various authors as primary instars within Coleopterida (assigned to either Strepsiptera or to the coleopteran Tenebrionoidea: Ripiphoridae), is discussed. 相似文献
9.
Jun-Ping Bai Alexei Surguchev Shumin Bian Joseph Santos-Sacchi Dhasakumar Navaratnam 《Biophysical journal》2010,99(1):85-94
Prestin is a member of the SLC26 family of anion transporters and is responsible for electromotility in outer hair cells, the basis of cochlear amplification in mammals. It is an anion transporting transmembrane protein, possessing nine cysteine residues, which generates voltage-dependent charge movement. We determine the role these cysteine residues play in the voltage sensing capabilities of prestin. Mutations of any single cysteine residue had little or no effect on charge movement. However, using combinatorial substitution mutants, we identified a cysteine residue pair (C415 and either C192 or C196) whose mutation reduced or eliminated charge movement. Furthermore, we show biochemically that surface expression of mutants with markedly reduced functionality can be near normal; however, we identify two monomers of the protein on the surface of the cell, the larger of which correlates with surface charge movement. Because we showed previously by Förster resonance energy transfer that monomer interactions are required for charge movement, we tested whether disulfide interactions were required for dimerization. Using Western blots to detect oligomerization of the protein in which variable numbers of cysteines up to and including all nine cysteine residues were mutated, we show that disulfide bond formation is not essential for dimer formation. Taken together, we believe these data indicate that intramembranous cysteines are constrained, possibly via disulfide bond formation, to ensure structural features of prestin required for normal voltage sensing and mechanical activity. 相似文献
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