陕西红富士苹果矿质营养DRIS标准研究

通过对60个红富士苹果园叶片中N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe等6种元素含量的测定和统计分析表明,苹果产量和品质是叶片N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe等元素含量综合作用的结果;通过主因素分析,各因素对产量的影响顺序为产量(Y1)x3(K)>x2(P)>x1(N)>x4(Mg)>x5(Ca)>x6(Fe);对可溶性固形物浓度(Y2)的影响顺序为x4(Mg)>x3(K)>x6(Fe)>x1(N)>x5(Ca)>x2(P);对硬度(Y3)的影响顺序为x1(N)>x6(Fe)>x3(K)>x4(Mg)>x2(P)>x5(Ca);对>80%果面红色果占有率(Y4)的影响顺序为x3(K)>x2(P)>x1(N)>x4(Mg)>x5(Ca)>x6(Fe);对低产组(产量<22 500 kg/hm2)大量元素需肥强度影响最大的为K,占该组的53.4%,对中量元素需肥强度影响最大的为Ca和Mg,均占该组的40%;对高产组(产量≥22 500 kg/hm2)DRIS重要参数的表达式为N/K、P/N、K/P,Ca/Mg、Fe/Ca、Fe/Mg,N/K、Ca/K、Ca/N,K/P、Fe/P、Fe/K,Ca/K、Mg/K、Ca/Mg,根据试验结果制定出红富士苹果园N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe的DRIS适宜指数范围分别为-8.355～23.011、-13.784～22.078、-12.772～9.544、-2.114～11.532、-2.503～8.902、-4.617～5.291;各园的需肥顺序用图示法和指数法判断,其结果一致.     

玉米对青枯病抗性遗传规律的研究

作者在玉米对青枯病抗性鉴定的基础上,选用6个抗性不同的自交系,按完全双列杂交设计,进行了玉米对肿囊腐霉菌(Pythium inflatum Matthews )青枯病的抗性遗传研究。首次证明:玉米对肿囊腐霉菌青枯病的遗传方式因自交系而异, 有的自交系具数量性状遗传特点,有的则具质量性状遗传特点。属数量性状遗传的自交系,其抗性主要是受加性基因控制。 Abstract:Based on the identification of resistance,six inbreds with defferent degrees of resistance were used in the inheritance experiment dexigned by a complete diallel cross.Genetic study on maize resistance to Pythium inflatum Matthews was carried out.The results showed for the first time that different maize inbreds may have different genetic patterns in resistance to Pythium inflatum Matthews.Some inbreds showed characteristics of quantitative inheritance,while some inbreds showed characteristics of qualitative inheritance.Resistance based on quantitative inheritance was mainly controlled by additive genes.