比较遗传学介绍

随着遗传作图的不断发展,人们开始比较不同物种的基因组,并且揭示了一种从未被发现的基因组水平上基因排列顺序的保守性。随之,发展出比较遗传学概念：研究基因的排列顺序和基因数量的学科。比较遗传学已经被应用于植物基因组的基因定位,并预示出进化研究的一个全新领域。目前,比较遗传学和狭义的比较基因组学相互渗透和融合,形成一门新的学科,它将大大加深人们对基因组的理解。 Abstract：With the advance of genetic mapping and comparin g of different genomes,an undiscovered type of conservation was revealed: the co nservation of gene content and gene orders on the genome level. And it lodged th e concept of comparative genetics:the science that studies gene content and gene orders. Now comparative genetics has been used to facilitate the isolation of g ene, and it indicates a new field of evolution. This review discuses the develop ment of comparative genetics.In the future, comparative genetics and comparative genomics would be probably syncretize to be a new science, and it will deepen t he understanding of genomes.?     

云南糯稻籼粳分化与遗传变异研究

利用28对籼粳特异插入缺失(insertion/deletion,InDel)引物和24对SSR引物对云南60份糯稻品种的籼粳分化和遗传变异进行分析.InDel籼粳鉴定结果表明,24份糯稻品种为典型籼型,6份为籼型,2份为粳型,28份为典型粳型.SSR遗传结构分析表明,籼糯和粳糯属于两个独立的类群;遗传变异分析显示,籼糯和粳糯的遗传变异均较丰富,但籼糯与粳糯遗传变异差异不显著;分子变异分析显示,糯稻的遗传变异主要来自亚种内(占总变异76%),亚种间遗传变异占24%,但分化极显著.