鲤鳃表面结构扫描电镜研究

鲤的鳃丝表面显示了由三边形一六边形不等的表皮细胞,呈现出各种图案式的结构。     

不同型别的基因工程干扰素抗病毒活性的比较

对大肠杆菌生产的不同型别的基因工程干扰素rIFN-α1(α1)、rIFN-αA(αA)、rIFN-β17ser(β17ser)和rIFN-γ(γ),以及自然人白细胞干扰素nIFN-αco,在不同细胞上对不同病毒的抗病毒活性做了比较研究。证明:①α1抗病毒作用的细胞谱较广,尤其在牛肾MDBK细胞和猪肾PK细胞上有很高的活性,分别为在人细胞上的29倍和7倍。β17ser和γ在异种细胞上活性极低,在鼠、猪和牛肾细胞上的活性为人细胞上的1～2％以下。②5种干扰素对麻疹、CoxB1、Sindbis、腺病毒7型和Ⅰ、Ⅱ型单纯疱疹病毒的抗病毒活性无明显差异。但不同病毒对干扰素的敏感性有明显差别,以Sindbis病毒为最敏感,7型腺病毒最不敏感。③5种干扰素对流行性出血热病毒均有明显的抗病毒作用,尤以人α1型和β干扰素作用最强,α1对出血热病毒的抗病毒活性是对滤泡性口膜炎病毒(VSV)的1/2.85,人β干扰素是对VSV的1/4.1。上述结果为人基因工程干扰素的临床应用提供了实验依据。     

利用带有原核增强子样序列的新型载体在大肠杆菌中高效表达人α肿瘤坏死因子

将去除信号肽的人肿瘤坏死因子-α(Tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)cDNA插入到带有原核增强子样序列Px的新型表达载体pBV320中,使TNF cDNA 5′端直接置于大肠杆菌trp启动子下游,采用37℃恒温培养,使TNF在大肠杆菌中获得了高效表达,表达活性达1.35(±0.17)×10~6U/L菌液。表达的TNF-α对L929细胞的毒性作用可被抗人肿瘤坏死因子-α的单克隆抗体所中和。表达菌裂解液作SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,显示有一条分子量与TNF分子量吻合、约为17000道尔顿的蛋白带。利用DEAE-Sepharose阴离子交换层析及Sephacryl S-200凝胶过滤对上述重组人TNF-α进行纯化,获得电泳纯产品,比活性为1.48×10~6U/mg。     

β-Cyclodextrin-Based Nitrosoglutathione Improves the Storage Quality of Peach by Regulating the Metabolism of Endogenous Nitric Oxide,Hydrogen Sulfide,and Phenylpropane

Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) exhibit positive roles in regulating fruit quality. However, there are few reports about the effects of GSNO and β-CD on enhancing storability and boosting nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), and phenylpropane metabolism in fruits during storage. “Xintaihong” peach were treated with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mmol L⁻¹ GSNO in 0.5% (w/v) β-CD solution (GSNO/β-CD). The effects of GSNO/β-CD on endogenous NO, H₂S, and phenylpropane metabolism were investigated. Treatment with GSNO/β-CD increased the color difference of peach and inhibited the increase of respiratory intensity, weight loss, and relative conductivity. Treatment with 1.0 mmol L⁻¹ GSNO/β-CD increased the nitric oxide synthase (NOS-like) activity and L-arginine content, thereby promoting the accumulation of endogenous NO. By improving the activities of L-cysteine desulfhydrylase (L-CD), O-acetylserine sulfur lyase (OAS-TL), serine acetyltransferase (SAT), GSNO/β-CD increased the content of endogenous H₂S in peach. Treatment with GSNO/β-CD increased the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), and cinnamic acid-4-hydroxylase (C4H), promoted the increase of total phenols, flavonoids, and lignin in peach. These results indicated that GSNO/β-CD treatment better maintained the quality of peach by improving the metabolism of endogenous NO, H₂S, and phenylpropane during storage.     

中国人促红细胞生成素cDNA的克隆及其在COS—7细胞中的表达

利用PCR技术,以中国人促红细胞生成素(EPO)次全基因组为模板,进行了基因修补和重组,克隆出EPO cDNA全序列。同时发现中国人EPO cDNA与国外的克隆比较有一个核苷酸的差异,导致第62位氨基酸是丝氨酸,不是亮氨酸。将人EPO cDNA基因插入表达载体pSV2-dhfr中的不同克隆位点,构建了6种不同的转移载体质粒,即pSV2-dhfr/F1,pSV2/N2,pSV2-dhfr/F3,pSV2-dhfr/P4,pSV2-dhfr/G1和pSV2-dhfr/G3。将它们分别转染导入COS-7细胞,结果表明6种转移载体质粒转染的细胞上清液都有明显的EPO活性。人EPO cDNA基因转移载体质粒在COS-7细胞中的表达水平高于人次全EPO基因组转移载体质粒。     

高压静电场处理沙棘插条生根状况的初步研究

用高压静电场处理沙棘插条研究生根状况,方法简便易于处理,该装置适于进行大规模的处理,从目前研究表明：高压静电场对沙棘插条有正刺激效应,并以电场强度为３．９ｋｖ／ｃｍ,时间为４０分钟处理最佳。     

用细胞色素C法检测非真空电子束辐射的间接作用

本文提出了一种检测非真空电束辐射的间接作用的一种方法,根据氧化型和还原型的细胞色素Ｃ的吸收光谱不同,从而测量非真空电子束作用对应的辐射分解的自由基总量。     

Changes of intracellular Na+ concentration in erythrocytes caused by pulsed electrical field

Changes of sodium ionic concentration of human erythrocytes applied to pulsed electrical field (PEF) were studied by using shift reagent and NMR spectroscopy. The results show that the concentration of intracellular Na⁺ increases with the increasing intensity of PEF when the erythrocytes are applied to PEF with higher intensities. The relationship between intracellular Na concentrations and the intensities of PEF does not follow linear or exponen-tial behavior. As the intensities increase, the intracellular Na⁺concentrations increase even faster by an exponential curve. However under effects of PEF at lower intensities, intracellular Na⁺ concentration decreases. Ouabain can in-hibit the decrease of intracellular Na concentration, and the inhibition increases with the increasing concentration of ouabain, suggesting that Na⁺ , K⁺ -ATPase on cell membrane can be activated by PEF at lower intensities. Direct measurement of activities of the enzyme by using Malachite green method has confirmed this observation. Cell perme-abilities to ions, activation of enzymes by electrical fields and transmission of physical signals like PEF across cell mem-branes are discussed.     

肝细胞生长因子mRNA在成年小鼠和人胎儿不同器官中的表达

本实验从成年小鼠和胎龄４－５月的人胎儿不同器官中分离总ＲＮＡ。经斑点印迹分析显示,肝细胞生长因子（ＨＧＦ）ｍＲＮＡ在成年ＫＭ小鼠多种器官中表达,其表达水平由高到低依次为：肺、肝、肾、卵巢、睾丸、大脑和胃;在脾、心、骨髓、小肠和骨骼肌组织中以ＨＧＦｍＲＮＡ。在胎龄４－５月的人胎儿中,ＨＧＦｍＲＮＡ表达水平由高到低依次为：大脑、肝、腮腺、胃、小肠、肾、心和骨骼肌;肺和脾组织为阴性。由此可见,ＨＧＦ在成