Seasonal variation and correlation analysis of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone in Hangzhou,Southeast China

This study aimed to describe the 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) status of Southeast Chinese individuals influenced by season. The secondary aim was to determine the cutoff for sufficient 25(OH)D in a four‐season region. From January 2011 to June 2014, a total of 17 646 individuals were evaluated in our study. The serum levels of PTH were detected simultaneously in 5579 cases. A total of 25(OH)D and intact PTH were measured by the electrochemiluminescent immunoassay. The distribution of the concentration, prevalence and seasonal variability of 25(OH)D and PTH were studied. The mean 25(OH)D concentration in our study was 43.00(30.40) nmol/L. The prevalence of insufficiency (25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L) was 62.87% and that of deficiency (<30 nmol/L) was 28.54%. Mean serum 25(OH)D levels revealed a limited sinusoidal profile throughout the year and were significantly higher in Autumn. On the other hand, PTH levels showed an opposite response to seasonal effects relative to 25(OH)D. Age, BMI and daylight were not significantly correlated with 25(OH)D and serum PTH reached a plateau at higher values of serum 25(OH)D of 42.86 nmol/L. This study demonstrated that Vitamin D insufficiency is highly prevalent in Southeast China. The concentration of 25(OH)D in the male group was generally higher than that in the female group. Seasonal variation was an important aspect of 25(OH)D and PTH concentration. This study revealed that the optimal serum threshold of 25(OH)D for bone health should be between 40 and 50 nmol/L for Southeast Chinese individuals.     

Ultrafine Co3Se4 Nanoparticles in Nitrogen‐Doped 3D Carbon Matrix for High‐Stable and Long‐Cycle‐Life Lithium Sulfur Batteries

Lithium–sulfur batteries are a promising high energy output solution for substitution of traditional lithium ion batteries. In recent times research in this field has stepped into the exploration of practical applications. However, their applications are impeded by cycling stability and short life‐span mainly due to the notorious polysulfide shuttle effect. In this work, a multifunctional sulfur host fabricated by grafting highly conductive Co₃Se₄ nanoparticles onto the surface of an N‐doped 3D carbon matrix to inhibit the polysulfide shuttle and improve the sulfur utilization is proposed. By regulating the carbon matrix and the Co₃Se₄ distribution, N‐CN‐750@Co₃Se₄‐0.1 m with abundant polar sites is experimentally and theoretically shown to be a good LiPSs absorbent and a sulfur conversion accelerator. The S/N‐CN‐750@Co₃Se₄‐0.1 m cathode shows excellent sulfur utilization, rate performance, and cyclic durability. A prolonged cycling test of the as‐fabricated S/N‐CN‐750@Co₃Se₄‐0.1 m cathode is carried out at 0.2 C for more than 5 months which delivers a high initial capacity of 1150.3 mAh g^?1 and retains 531.0 mAh g^?1 after 800 cycles with an ultralow capacity reduction of 0.067% per cycle, maintaining Coulombic efficiency of more than 99.3%. The reaction details are characterized and analyzed by ex situ measurements. This work highly emphasizes the potential capabilities of transition‐metal selenides in lithium–sulfur batteries.     

视觉功能训练联合托吡卡胺滴眼液治疗假性近视的临床疗效观察

摘要 目的：探讨视觉功能训练联合托吡卡胺滴眼液在治疗假性近视中的临床疗效。方法：选取中国人民解放军陆军特色医学中心眼科和重庆佑佑宝贝妇儿医院眼科2019年2月至2019年8月收治的400例假性近视患儿作为研究对象,将其随机分为对照组和观察组(n=200)。对照组给予滴眼液缓解眼疲劳治疗,观察组则采用视觉功能训练联合托吡卡胺滴眼液治疗。比较两组患儿治疗前及治疗2个月、6个月后裸眼视力、眼轴长度、屈光度、正相对调节量和视疲劳评分的变化。结果：治疗2个月和6个月后,观察组患儿裸眼视力分别为(0.75±0.05)和(0.81±0.04),较对照组显著上升(P<0.05);屈光度分别为(+0.05±0.50)和(+0.06±0.48),明显高于对照组(P<0.05);正相对调节量检测结果依次是(-1.98±0.07)和(-2.51±0.24),较对照组明显增加(P<0.05)。两组患儿视觉感知双眼视功能均有明显改善,其中观察组视觉功能恢复显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。视疲劳调查显示观察组患儿视疲劳评分分别为(6.90±0.89)分和(3.91±0.89)分,显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论：视觉功能训练联合托吡卡胺滴眼液治疗能有效提高患儿裸眼视力、改善屈光度、正相对调节量和视觉感知功能,从而减少视疲劳,预防近视。     

非标记表面增强拉曼光谱在DNA检测中的应用

表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)是一种超灵敏的生化分析技术,已经被广泛运用于细胞、核酸、蛋白质等生物分子的检测,在生物医学领域表现出了巨大的应用潜力。近年来,将表面增强拉曼光谱技术应用于遗传物质DNA的精准检测,引起了人们广泛的关注。本文简要叙述了表面增强拉曼光谱技术的基本原理及其在DNA检测中的优势,主要介绍了非标记的DNA-SERS检测应用进展,其中包括本项目组的相关工作。研究表明,非标记DNA-SERS技术有望成为一种快速、准确的临床诊断方式。     

中国首批国家公园体制试点的经验与成效、问题与建议

建立国家公园体制是建设生态文明制度的重要内容,是解决我国自然保护地发展过程中存在的重叠设置、多头管理、边界不清、权责不明、保护与发展矛盾突出等问题的重大举措。根据国家统一部署,2020年要设立一批国家公园,分级统一的管理体制基本建立。在跨时2年的资料收集、实地考察基础上,全面总结首批10个国家公园体制试点的经验与成效,梳理试点过程中存在的问题,并提出针对性建议,以期全面展现国家公园体制试点的最新进展,为国家公园深化建设提供参考和依据。结果显示,各试点区基本建立起分级统一的管理体制,创新了运行机制,保护力度持续加强,资金投入不断加大,科研合作不断深化,社会参与逐渐扩大。体制试点产生了明显的生态成效,民生改善初步显现,社会效益充分彰显。但是,仍然存在管理机构级别和类型参差不齐,法律制度不健全,资金保障长效机制未建立,人才队伍建设滞后,保护与发展的矛盾突出,空间范围不合理等问题。建议采取必要措施改进存在的问题,积极推广有效经验,加快健全国家公园体制。     

HDAC6 inhibitor WT161 performs anti-tumor effect on osteosarcoma and synergistically interacts with 5-FU

Background: WT161, as a selective HDAC6 inhibitor, has been shown to play anti-tumor effects on several kinds of cancers. The aim of the present study is to explore the roles of WT161 in osteosarcoma and its underlying mechanisms.Methods: The anti-proliferative effect of WT161 on osteosarcoma cells was examined using MTT assay and colony formation assay. Cell apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytometer. The synergistic effect was evaluated by isobologram analysis using CompuSyn software. The osteosarcoma xenograft models were established to evaluate the anti-proliferative effect of WT161 in vivo.Results: WT161 suppressed the cell growth and induced apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Mechanistically, we found that WT161 treatment obviously increased the protein level of PTEN and decreased the phosphorylation level of protein kinase-B (AKT). More importantly, WT161 showed synergistic inhibition with 5-FU on osteosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo.Conclusions: These results indicate that WT161 inhibits the growth of osteosarcoma through PTEN and has a synergistic efficiency with 5-FU.     

高浓度臭氧胁迫两种园林观赏草的逆境生理特征比较

以两种常见园林观赏草：白穗狼尾草（Pennisetum alopecuroides ‘White’）和拂子茅（Calamagrostis epigeios）作为试验材料,利用开顶箱（OTCs）模拟法,研究了不同高浓度臭氧（O₃,EO）：80 nmol/mol（EO-80）、120 nmol/mol（EO-120）和160 nmol/mol（EO-160）下两种观赏草叶片逆境生理特征的变化规律。结果表明：（1）短期（7 d）内随O₃浓度增加,白穗狼尾草叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量较对照呈下降趋势,拂子茅较对照无显著变化。（2）在EO-120、EO-160下处理7 d时,两种观赏草叶片的净光合速率（P_n）和气孔导度（g_s）较对照显著下降,且白穗狼尾草下降的幅度均大于拂子茅。（3）不同高浓度O₃胁迫下,两种观赏草叶片丙二醛（MDA）含量较对照均有所升高,其中在EO-160下处理21 d时白穗狼尾草和拂子茅叶片MDA含量分别增加30.2%（P<0.05）和13.5%（P>0.05）,表明在EO-160浓度胁迫下白穗狼尾草受到的膜脂过氧化伤害大于拂子茅。（4）在EO-120和EO-160下处理21 d时,白穗狼尾草叶片可溶性蛋白含量较对照分别显著下降24.2%和43.1%,而拂子茅较对照分别下降19.0%和22.9%（P<0.05）。（5）与对照组相比,高浓度O₃下两种观赏草叶片的过氧化物酶（POD）活性随胁迫时间延长呈下降趋势,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性呈先升后降。（6）综合以上生理特征比较及主成成分分析表明,佛子茅比白穗狼尾草更耐O₃,前者在O₃高污染地区可能会有更高的应用价值。     

Microbial Interaction Network Estimation via Bias-Corrected Graphical Lasso

With the increasing availability of microbiome 16S data, network estimation has become a useful approach to studying the interactions between microbial taxa. Network estimation on a set of variables is frequently explored using graphical models, in which the relationship between two variables is modeled via their conditional dependency given the other variables. Various methods for sparse inverse covariance estimation have been proposed to estimate graphical models in the high-dimensional setting, including graphical lasso. However, current methods do not address the compositional count nature of microbiome data, where abundances of microbial taxa are not directly measured, but are reflected by the observed counts in an error-prone manner. Adding to the challenge is that the sum of the counts within each sample, termed “sequencing depth,” is an experimental technicality that carries no biological information but can vary drastically across samples. To address these issues, we develop a new approach to network estimation, called BC-GLASSO (bias-corrected graphical lasso), which models the microbiome data using a logistic normal multinomial distribution with the sequencing depths explicitly incorporated, corrects the bias of the naive empirical covariance estimator arising from the heterogeneity in sequencing depths, and builds the inverse covariance estimator via graphical lasso. We demonstrate the advantage of BC-GLASSO over current approaches to microbial interaction network estimation under a variety of simulation scenarios. We also illustrate the efficacy of our method in an application to a human microbiome data set.