Presence of nucleoside triphosphates and calcium associated with mycobacteriophage I3

The association of nucleoside triphosphate molecules and calcium ions with purified particles of mycobacteriophage I3 has been documented. The content of nucleoside triphosphate has been determined to be 118 molecules per phage particle by equilibrium dialysis against labelled ATP or 148 molecules per phage particle by the direct determination of labelled nucleoside triphosphate. The concentration of bound Ca²⁺ exhibited a high degree of variation between different batches, which may be due to the nonspecific binding of Ca²⁺ by the virus particles. However, the tightly bound Ca²⁺ not removable by dialysis against calciumspecific chelating agent, showed a constant value of 2985 atoms/phage particle.Abbreviations EGTA Ethylene glycol-bis (-aminoethylether)-N,N¹ tetraacetic acid - PFU plaque forming unit - NTP nucleoside triphosphate     

复方羚羊角注射液的抗病毒活性研究

我们用细胞培养法对大青叶、板兰根、羚羊角及复方羚羊角等注射液进行了抗病毒活性的实验研究。结果复方制剂优于单方,预防用药方式的效果最好,抑制病毒对数为3.25±0.45,属中等有效;治疗用药方式居中,抑药毒对数为2.38±0.96;同时用药方式接近无效,抑病毒对数为1.50±0.82。     

参麦注射液联合西药对急性心肌梗死患者疗效及机制研究

目的:研究参麦注射液联合西药对急性心肌梗死患者的疗效及机制。方法:选择我院2016年3月~2019年12月收治的101例急性心肌梗死患者,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组。对照组口服替格瑞洛治疗,观察组联用参麦注射液治疗,观察两组治疗的疗效及治疗前后血浆乳酸、脑钠肽(Brain natriuretic peptide,BNP)和血清降钙素原(Procalcitonin,PCT)、超敏C反应蛋白(Hypersensitive C-reactive protein,hs-CRP)水平及心功能指标变化。结果:观察组的有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗前的血浆乳酸、BNP和PCT、hs-CRP水平无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗后,两组的上述指标明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗前的左心室射血分数(Left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、左心室舒张期末内径(End diastolic diameter of left ventricle,LVEDd)、CO和左心室收缩末期直径(leftventricular end systolic diameter,LVESd)无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗后,两组的上述指标明显改善(P<0.05),且观察组优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组的药物不良反应率为14.00%(7/50),与对照组的11.76%(6/51)相比无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:参麦注射液联合替格瑞洛能减轻急性心肌梗死患者体内的炎症反应,改善心功能,可能与其机制有关。     

舒血宁注射液联合前列地尔注射液治疗糖尿病周围血管病变的临床疗效观察

目的:观察联合应用舒血宁注射液与前列地尔注射液治疗糖尿病周围血管病变的临床疗效和安全性.方法:以药物降低血糖为基础,舒血宁注射液与前列地尔注射液联合应用于78例糖尿病周围血管病变患者,14天为一个疗程,患者在治疗前后行双下肢动脉彩色多普勒超声检测.结果:治疗后,患者的股动脉、胭动脉及足背动脉管径较治疗前显著增加,血流速度较治疗前明显加快(P＜0.05).间歇性跛行症状好转,肢体皮温上升,足背动脉开始有搏动.治疗中无不良反应,亦无出血倾向.结论:舒血宁注射液与前列地尔注射液联合治疗糖屎病周围血管病变是一种安全有效的治疗方法.     

注射小针刀联合奥施康定治疗癌性疼痛的临床疗效研究

目的:观察注射小针刀联合奥施康定治疗癌性疼痛的临床疗效。方法:选择我院收治的66例癌性疼痛患者,根据随机方法将入选病例分为注射针刀组(针刀配合奥施康定)、奥施康定组(单纯西药奥施康定),每组各33例。针刀组每日给予口服药物、隔日给予针刀治疗;奥施康定组每日给予口服药物,14日为1个观察周期。治疗前后测定疼痛程度(NRS)并分析疼痛缓解度(PAR)。结果:治疗组临床总有效率为90.9%,对照组为84.9%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组NRS评分均较治疗前显著降低(P0.05),且治疗组比对照组改善更为显著(P0.01)。结论:注射小针刀联合奥施康定对癌性疼痛的治疗疗效较单用奥施康定更好。     

胰岛素注射液启封后有效期内细菌污染情况调查分析

目的:分析生物合成胰岛素注射液启封后有效期内细菌污染情况,并总结其合理的使用方法及时间。方法:收集我院各个科室使用的胰岛素注射液96瓶,启封后分别在不同使用时间和保存温度下采集样本进行细菌学检测。结果:本实验中96瓶启封后有效期内的生物胰岛素注射液中,共有10瓶细菌培养呈阳性,阳性率为10.41%。其中7d之内启封的胰岛素注射液细菌培养全部呈阴性,其余各组的胰岛素注射液细菌培养均呈阳性及存在菌落,随着启封时间的延长,细菌培养阳性率及菌落数上升,且各组之间的差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。研究中保存温度2~4℃的细菌培养全部呈阴性,其余各组的胰岛素注射液细菌培养均呈阳性及存在菌落,随着保存温度的升高,细菌培养阳性率及菌落数上升,且各组之间的差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:胰岛素注射液启封后有效期内随着时间的延长以及保存温度的升高,细菌培养的阳性率及菌落数量上升,临床使用时要应尽量在7d内使用完,并且尽量保存在低于25℃环境中。     

阿霉素注射剂量对肾病综合征大鼠脂蛋白脂酶和卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶水平的影响

摘要 目的：探讨阿霉素注射剂量对肾病综合征（nehpmtic syndrome,NS）大鼠脂蛋白脂酶和卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶（Leci-thin cholesterol acyltransferase,LCAT）水平的影响。方法：64只SD大鼠随机平分为四组-对照组、小剂量阿霉素组、中剂量阿霉素组与高剂量阿霉素组,四组大鼠经尾静脉一次性注射阿霉素0 mg/kg、2 mg/kg、4 mg/kg、8 mg/kg,检测造模后不同时间点大鼠肾脏脂蛋白脂酶和卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶水平变化情况。结果：小剂量阿霉素组、中剂量阿霉素组与高剂量阿霉素组造模后7 d、14 d、21 d的体重与每日采食量、血肌酐与尿素氮都低于对照组（P<0.05）,24 h尿蛋白高于对照组（P<0.05）,且存在剂量依赖性,三组间对比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。小剂量阿霉素组、中剂量阿霉素组与高剂量阿霉素组造模后21 d、28 d的肾脏脂蛋白脂酶和卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶相对表达水平低于对照组（P<0.05）,且存在剂量依赖性,三组间对比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：小剂量阿霉素可抑制大鼠肾脏脂蛋白脂酶和卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶的表达,能快速有效建立肾病综合征大鼠模型,具有很好的模拟造模效果。     

参芪扶正注射液对急性淋巴细胞白血病化疗患者造血和免疫功能的影响

目的:观察参芪扶正注射液对急性淋巴细胞白血病化疗患者造血及免疫功能的影响。方法:收集96例处于初治诱导缓解治疗阶段的急性淋巴细胞白血病患者,并将其随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组48例患者在进行常规化疗的同时给予参芪扶正注射液250 m L,1次/天,共28天;对照组48例患者仅接受常规化疗,两组患者均给予相同的支持对症治疗。治疗结束后,观察两组患者的疾病缓解率、治疗前后造血系统、T和B淋巴细胞亚群的变化情况。结果:化疗结束后,治疗组患者的疾病缓解率为89.6%,对照组为83.3%,两组比较无统计学差异(P0.05);化疗14天及化疗结束后1周,治疗组患者的白细胞、红细胞计数和血红蛋白水平明显高于对照组(P0.05);且化疗结束后1周,治疗组患者的CD3+、CD4+及CD4+/CD8+含量均明显高于对照组(P0.05)。而两组患者治疗前后的血小板计数、CD3-CD19+含量比较均不具有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:参芪扶正注射液辅助治疗不仅能够改善化疗所致的急性淋巴细胞白血病患者的骨髓抑制,而且能够提高其细胞免疫功能,有助于患者化疗后的恢复。     

An artificial promoter construct for heat-inducible misexpression during fish embryogenesis

Beside spatial distribution, timing of gene expression is a key parameter controlling gene function during embryonic development. Gain-of-function experiments can therefore have quite opposing results, depending on the time of gene activation. Induction techniques are necessary to control timing in these experiments from outside of the organism. Natural heat shock promoters constitute a simple inducible misexpression system, the main disadvantage is a high background level of expression. We present here a new heat stress-inducible bidirectional promoter consisting of multimerized heat shock elements (HSE). The simplified architecture of this promoter largely improves the properties needed for an efficient induction system: dramatically reduced background activity, improved inducibility, and loss of all tissue specific components. Based on this new artificial promoter, we present a transient induction system for fish embryos. Application of this new induction system for Fgf8 misexpression during embryonic development reveals different windows of competence during eye development. A dramatic early phenotype resulting in loss of the eyes is observed for conventional mRNA injection. Later activation, by using our inducible promoter, uncovers different eye phenotypes like cyclopic eyes. Even after 14 days, an efficient heat stress response could be evoked in the injected embryos. The HSE promoter therefore represents a new artificial heat shock promoter with superior properties, making possible transient experiments with inducible misexpression at various stages of development.     

Tailspike Interactions with Lipopolysaccharide Effect DNA Ejection from Phage P22 Particles in Vitro

Initial attachment of bacteriophage P22 to the Salmonella host cell is known to be mediated by interactions between lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the phage tailspike proteins (TSP), but the events that subsequently lead to DNA injection into the bacterium are unknown. We used the binding of a fluorescent dye and DNA accessibility to DNase and restriction enzymes to analyze DNA ejection from phage particles in vitro. Ejection was specifically triggered by aggregates of purified Salmonella LPS but not by LPS with different O-antigen structure, by lipid A, phospholipids, or soluble O-antigen polysaccharide. This suggests that P22 does not use a secondary receptor at the bacterial outer membrane surface. Using phage particles reconstituted with purified mutant TSP in vitro, we found that the endorhamnosidase activity of TSP degrading the O-antigen polysaccharide was required prior to DNA ejection in vitro and DNA replication in vivo. If, however, LPS was pre-digested with soluble TSP, it was no longer able to trigger DNA ejection, even though it still contained five O-antigen oligosaccharide repeats. Together with known data on the structure of LPS and phage P22, our results suggest a molecular model. In this model, tailspikes position the phage particles on the outer membrane surface for DNA ejection. They force gp26, the central needle and plug protein of the phage tail machine, through the core oligosaccharide layer and into the hydrophobic portion of the outer membrane, leading to refolding of the gp26 lazo-domain, release of the plug, and ejection of DNA and pilot proteins.